Tranexamic acid and international ambulance services

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-45
Author(s):  
Adam Spaans ◽  
Jake Martin ◽  
Phillip Ebbs
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Tranexamic Acid ◽  
Current Literature ◽  
Healthcare Systems ◽  
Fibrinolytic Enzymes ◽  
Severe Haemorrhage ◽  
Literature Searches ◽  
Improved Outcomes ◽  
Blood Clots ◽  
Ebsco Host

Introduction: Severe haemorrhage may lead to pathologic release of fibrinolytic enzymes, which break down blood clots. Tranexamic acid (TXA) is a drug that inhibits the fibrinolysis of blood clots. Aim: The purpose of this review is to explore current literature regarding prehospital TXA administration for patients suffering severe haemorrhage following trauma, and to discuss whether this drug should be more widely used across modern international ambulance services. Methods: Literature searches of EBSCO Host, ProQuest and PubMed databases were conducted in August, 2019. Results: TXA administration within 3 hours following injury is associated with improved outcomes for severe haemorrhage patients. However, there are reservations that the success of TXA in developing countries and military settings may not be directly transferrable to the modern civilian healthcare systems. Discussion: The benefits of prehospital TXA administration appear compelling. Further studies will help guide wider international implementation of this drug in paramedic practice.

Genital Sensibility in the Neophallus: Getting a Sense of the Current Literature and Techniques

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (02) ◽  
pp. 129-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shane Morrison ◽  
Jonathan Massie ◽  
A. Dellon
Keyword(s):  
Current Literature ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Sexual Pleasure ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Patient Demographics ◽  
Improved Outcomes ◽  
Arcsine Transformation ◽  
Penile Implant ◽  
Event Rates

Introduction Phalloplasty attempts to achieve a functional and aesthetic phallus. Sensation is a key component for sexual pleasure. Sensation is also important for protection in the setting of penile implant insertion. Little data are available on genital sensibility outcomes after phalloplasty, and there are no standardized approaches for assessment of either sensibility or erogenous perception. Methods A literature search of PubMed, Google Scholar, and MEDLINE databases was conducted with terms related to genital sensibility after phalloplasty. Data on patient demographics, nerves used for coaptation, and measurements of genital sensibility were collected. Pooled event rates were determined for recovered glans sensibility and recovered erogenous sensation using a Freeman–Tukey arcsine transformation. Results A total of 341 articles were identified of which 26 met the inclusion criteria for final analysis. The dorsal cutaneous branch of the pudendal nerve and ilioinguinal were the most common donor nerves. The lateral and medial antebrachial cutaneous and lateral femoral cutaneous were the most common recipient nerves. Pooled event rates suggest that some recovered glans sensibility occurs in more than 70% of cismale patients and in more than 90% of transmale patients. Recovered “erogenous” sensation occurs in more than 75% of cismale patients and more than 95% of transmale patients. In cismale patients, outcomes of recovered glans sensibility and erogenous sensation may be better for upper extremity recipient nerves than lower extremity recipient nerves. Conclusions Based on the limited data in current literature on genital sensibility after phalloplasty, it is difficult to draw evidence-based conclusions. Yet data support improved outcomes with innervation. A validated outcome measure of “erogenous sensation” and a standardized approach to measuring cutaneous sensibility are required.

Covid-19 Vaccines and their Interchangeability Could be Effective in Developing Countries Like India to Generate Stronger Adaptive Immune Response in Large Population

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Saif Ali ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Adaptive Immune Response ◽  
Adverse Side Effects ◽  
Adaptive Immune ◽  
The People ◽  
Blood Clots ◽  
The World

Vaccine considered as a boon for every individual across the world in the time of pandemic situation. India has developed its own vaccine which shows promising results. Receiving vaccine does not mean that we are completely immune to the disease. Covishield shows some rare but adverse side effects of blood clots in those people having thrombocytopenia. Covaxin has not recorded any such cases as it is of inactivated type. But, the manufacturers of the vaccine have not established the longevity of protection against COVID-19. Unavailability of vaccines in India could pose a serious impact on the lives of the people. Government of India and Medical authorities should take clinical trials and make decision on interchangeability of vaccines as soon as possible.

Knowledge Sharing for Healthcare and Medicine in Developing Countries

2017 ◽  
pp. 1276-1293
Author(s):  
Kgomotso H. Moahi ◽  
Kelvin J. Bwalya
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Knowledge Sharing ◽  
Healthcare Systems ◽  
Healthcare Organizations ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Cross Pollination ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Sharing Behavior

Knowledge sharing has always been used as a platform for cross-pollination of ideas and innovations in a bid to improve and enhance performance thereby increasing competitiveness and responsiveness both in organizations and individual levels. Healthcare systems are not an exception. However, for knowledge sharing to take place there is need for certain factors to be noted and addressed such as the individual, organizational and technological. Further, knowledge sharing goes hand in hand with knowledge management and must become part of the strategic fabric of organizations. This chapter focuses on knowledge sharing by health professionals in healthcare and medicine in developing countries. The chapter covers knowledge management and its link with knowledge sharing; the various methods of knowledge sharing in healthcare; factors that make knowledge sharing an important strategic move for healthcare organizations; and factors and issues that affect or determine knowledge sharing behavior. Finally, a literature search for examples of knowledge sharing in developing or low and middle-income countries was conducted and the results are presented. The chapter shows that developing countries have recognized the value of knowledge sharing in healthcare systems and there are tangible signs that this is going to shape cross-pollination of ideas and innovations in the health systems in the foreseeable future.

Knowledge Sharing for Healthcare and Medicine in Developing Countries

2017 ◽  
pp. 60-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kgomotso Hildegard Moahi ◽  
Kelvin J. Bwalya
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Knowledge Sharing ◽  
Healthcare Systems ◽  
Healthcare Organizations ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Cross Pollination ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Sharing Behavior

Knowledge sharing has always been used as a platform for cross-pollination of ideas and innovations in a bid to improve and enhance performance thereby increasing competitiveness and responsiveness both in organizations and individual levels. Healthcare systems are not an exception. However, for knowledge sharing to take place there is need for certain factors to be noted and addressed such as the individual, organizational and technological. Further, knowledge sharing goes hand in hand with knowledge management and must become part of the strategic fabric of organizations. This chapter focuses on knowledge sharing by health professionals in healthcare and medicine in developing countries. The chapter covers knowledge management and its link with knowledge sharing; the various methods of knowledge sharing in healthcare; factors that make knowledge sharing an important strategic move for healthcare organizations; and factors and issues that affect or determine knowledge sharing behavior. Finally, a literature search for examples of knowledge sharing in developing or low and middle-income countries was conducted and the results are presented. The chapter shows that developing countries have recognized the value of knowledge sharing in healthcare systems and there are tangible signs that this is going to shape cross-pollination of ideas and innovations in the health systems in the foreseeable future.

scholarly journals Enabling individualised health in learning healthcare systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 125-129
Author(s):  
Shannon Wongvibulsin ◽  
Scott L. Zeger
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Systems ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Learning Approach ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Continuous Learning ◽  
Improved Outcomes ◽  
Effective Delivery ◽  
Individualised Care ◽  
Based Medicine

The rising burden of healthcare costs suggests that the healthcare system could benefit from novel methods that allow for continuous learning to provide more data-driven, individualised care at lower costs and with improved outcomes. Here, we present our synergistic Learning approach for Prediction, Interpretation/Inference and Communication (Learning PIC) framework to address the challenges hindering the successful implementation of learning healthcare systems and to enable the effective delivery of evidence-based medicine.

The case in favour of probiotics before, during and after pregnancy: insights from the first 1,500 days

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 353-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Reid ◽  
H. Kumar ◽  
A.I. Khan ◽  
S. Rautava ◽  
J. Tobin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Current Literature ◽  
Early Phase ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Female Reproductive Tract ◽  
Healthy Start ◽  
Human Reproduction ◽  
Washington Dc ◽  
Beneficial Microbes ◽  
Healthy Pregnancy

Successful human reproduction requires microbial homeostasis in the female reproductive tract, and colonisation of the newborn with beneficial microbes. In order to prevent several complications associated with dysbiosis, the administration of probiotics is more often being considered. The objective of the enclosed review was to examine the rationale for probiotic utility before and during pregnancy and in the early phase of infant life. The conclusions emerged from a panel of researchers who met during the International Scientific Association for Probiotics and Prebiotics (ISAPP) workshop held in Washington, DC, USA in 2015. The group concluded based upon the current literature, that a case can be made for the use of a specific sets of probiotic organisms during the first 1,500 days of life, with the goal of a healthy pregnancy to term, and a healthy start to life with lowered risk of infections and inflammatory events. The key to successfully translating these recommendations to practice is that products be made available and affordable to women in developed and developing countries.

scholarly journals The effect of advances in transportation on the spread of the coronavirus disease: The last is Africa and endemic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myung-Bae Park
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Health Literacy ◽  
Healthcare Systems ◽  
African Continent ◽  
Low Health Literacy ◽  
The Future ◽  
Long Time

For a long time in the future, transportation will be used only by limited systems that are quarantine friendly. Besides, depending on the circumstances, international or inter-regional travel may be restricted. However, the African continent comprises mostly of developing countries with poor healthcare systems and low health literacy. As a result, it is highly likely that Africa could suffer greater damage than any other region once an outbreak occurs. The fact that countries in Africa must be most concerned about is that COVID-19 may become endemic, and the outbreak may continue for a very long time.

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