Tratamiento farmacológico en pacientes con COVID-19: una revisión integradora

Introducción: La salud hoy más que nunca ha sido vulnerada, la humanidad está sufriendo por la invasión del coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, que ha expuesto al mundo a la peor emergencia sanitaria en este siglo. La comunidad científica y los sistemas de salud global conjuntan esfuerzos en la búsqueda de un tratamiento definitivo, a la fecha se reconoce que la terapia está dirigida a mitigar los síntomas. Objetivo: Identificar las evidencias científicas sobre el tratamiento farmacológico en los pacientes con COVID-19. Metodología: Se realizó una revisión integradora de la literatura publicada de diciembre 2019 a octubre 2020, en los sistemas de información Clinical Key, Dialnet, EBSCO Host y Scopus, mediante los descriptores Coronavirus Infections, COVID-19, Drug therapy, tratamiento farmacológico. Los criterios de selección fueron artículos de investigación cuantitativa de cualquier tipo de diseño, en inglés y español disponibles a texto completo, obteniéndose una muestra de 24 artículos. Resultados: La mayoría de los estudios fueron revisiones integrativas con 66.6% y ensayos clínicos o in vitro con 12.5%. Se identificaron en la terapia farmacológica nueve medicamentos de mayor uso en COVID-19: Hidroxicloroquina/cloroquina, lopinavir/ritonavir, remdesivir, azitromicina, ivermectina, tocilizumab y dexametasona, no obstante, solo cuatro fármacos mostraron efectividad significativa según la evidencia científica. Conclusiones: remdesivir demostró mayor efectividad y seguridad en el tratamiento, tocilizumab y dexametasona mostraron resultados favorables, sin embargo, los resultados no son contundentes. Los autores señalan que aún no es posible afirmar que se dispone de tratamientos que combata la COVID-19 efectivamente.

Signos identitários do Sámi e Sateré-Mawé

Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar os signos identitários da cultura dos povos indígenas Sateré-Mawé (Amazonas – Brasil) e Sámi (Tromsø – Noruega), como possíveis contribuições para o turismo étnico, partindo da complexa relação cultural advinda de cada povo. Levantando os traços simbólicos empregados nessas duas culturas, o estudo atende a uma perspectiva metodológica e teórica de cunho descritivo e exploratório, tendo por base a dialógica sugerida por Edgar Morin (2007), que nos permitiu tecer uma rede de conversa com outros saberes de abordagem etnográfica, a partir de estudos de caso. A coleta dos dados ocorreu em duas fases. Na primeira, foi realizada a pesquisa bibliográfica nas plataformas de Bases de dados Ebsco host e Scielo, para respaldo do embasamento teórico. A segunda fase foi realizada no lócus da pesquisa com 30 participantes de faixa etária entre 18 e 80 anos, divididos em grupos provenientes dos povos Sateré-Mawé e Sámi. Tais povos estão concentrados na zona metropolitana da cidade de Manaus e em Tromsø/ Noruega, respectivamente. As narrativas coletadas nesse período foram interpretadas a partir do marco teórico adotado, no qual utilizamos a Análise de Conteúdo (Bardin, 2016). Dessa forma, concluímos que os signos usados em rituais, artesanatos, grafismos, bebidas e alimentos são potencializadores do turismo étnico com foco no desenvolvimento sustentável. Isso decorre da cosmologia indígena ancorada no ambiente natural da floresta como meios de sobrevivência. Nessa direção, apontamos para a necessidade para salvaguardar o patrimônio material e imaterial dos indígenas das regiões em estudo.

Comparative Evaluation of Open Flap Debridement Therapy with Two Different Types of Platelet Concentrates, T-PRF and L-PRF as Adjuncts- A Systematic Review

Conventional Periodontal therapy such as scaling and root planing and open flap debridement aims to halt the inflammation process and promotes repair of disease-related defects. Current regenerative procedures offers a limited potential toward attaining a complete periodontal restoration and none is considered a gold standard in the treatment of intrabony defects. This study was done to compare the efficiency of Titanium-Platelet Rich Fibrin and Leukocyte-Platelet Rich Fibrin as adjuncts to Open Flap Debridement therapy to treat intra-bony periodontal defects. A search was conducted through PubMed and various other databases such as Cochrane, Google Scholar and EBSCO Host , under the key words, OFD , T-PRF,L-PRF, Clinical Outcomes, Comparison and Randomised Contolled Trials. Six relevant articles were selected for analysis. Compared to non-platelet concentrates, L-PRFproves to be the better adjunct to open flap debridement therapy. When compared to T-PRF, however, L-PRF has comparatively inferior properties of bone defect resolution and fill.We can conclude that T-PRF has better properties, greater bone defect fill and defect resolution as compared to L-PRF.

Kajian Pustaka: Gambaran Pengetahuan dan Perilaku Masyarakat untuk Mencari Fasilitas Kesehatan dalam Penanganan Penyakit Tuberkulosis

Introduction: The knowledge and behavior of the community in seeking health facilities for the treatment of tuberculosis were studied separately by previous researchers, so it is necessary to do a literature review to get a complete picture of this phenomenon. This study aims to obtain an overview of knowledge about tuberculosis and the behavior of people seeking health facilities in the treatment of tuberculosis in various previous studies.Methods: The study was a literature review. The sample of this study was eight articles, with inclusion criteria i.e. published in journals in the last 10 years, descriptive research, and full text. The articles were obtained through the search engines Science Direct, Scopus and Ebsco Host. The literature analysis was carried out by means of a narrative review and presented in a table.Results: The level of public knowledge about the causes of tuberculosis, signs and symptoms of the disease, modes of transmission, ways to prevent transmission, as well as knowledge that tuberculosis can be cured varied from low to high levels of knowledge. People take advantage of government and private health services, buy drugs at pharmacies, and go to traditional healers/traditional healers to get treatment for tuberculosis.Conclusion: There are still public misunderstandings about tuberculosis and obstacles in utilizing health facilities for the treatment of tuberculosis. Therefore, health education and counseling need to be improved so that public knowledge related to tuberculosis is getting better and has a positive impact on the behavior of seeking health facilities in the treatment of tuberculosis. It is necessary to conduct further studies on the factors that underlie people's behavior in seeking health facilities in the treatment of tuberculosis.

Gestión de inventarios y la rentabilidad de una empresa del sector automotriz

La investigación tuvo como objetivo Determinar el efecto de la gestión de inventarios en la rentabilidad de la empresa automotriz MOTORS SHOW SAC del distrito de Tarapoto, Provincia y Departamento de San Martin, Perú. Estudio que tuvo presente artículos científicos orientados y publicados en EBSCO HOST, redalyc, ProQuest, SciElo, Scopus, Dialnet y SciencieDirect en base a los últimos 5 años. Metodología: Es de tipo aplicada porque se dependió de aportes teóricos para alternativas de solución, con enfoque cuantitativo, alcance descriptivo, de corte transversal y diseño no experimental porque no se manipularon variables. Como resultado de lo antes mencionado, se evidenció que a inicios del periodo evaluado la gestión de inventarios era de manera deficiente, el cual mejoró de manera progresiva con la aplicación de nuevas políticas generando un efecto positivo en la rentabilidad. La investigación concluye que de acuerdo al análisis realizado la empresa cuenta con herramientas para desarrollar las actividades correctamente hecho que genera mejora en los procesos de gestión y que la implementación de las nuevas políticas ha influido de manera satisfactoria en la rentabilidad generando un ROS de 4.75%, ROA de 4.48%, ROE de 37% Y ROCE de 112%.

Pensamiento crítico en estudiantes de educación básica

Este artículo tiene por finalidad evidenciar la revisión sistemática de diversas investigaciones referidas al tema de estudio, como consecuencia de una problemática evidente en el sistema educativo, que aún se encuentra arraigado con los métodos tradicionales de enseñanza-aprendizaje. Ha surgido, de esta manera, comprender y aprehender que el pensamiento crítico es de vital importancia que, mediante su aplicación, se despertará en los estudiantes diversos criterios como lo son la creatividad, la innovación, el compromiso con su propia educación y la mejora de su rendimiento académico. Para el desarrollo del presente trabajo se ha recurrido a fuentes avaladas por los buscadores más confiables como Google académico, Scopus, EBSCO Host y ProQuest. Además, se ha tenido en cuenta los criterios de inclusión, en referencia a la indagación de los artículos científicos, considerando únicamente aquellos cuya publicación no sea mayor a los 3 años. En lo referido a la clasificación de los artículos escogidos, éstos fueron determinados conforme a los controles y criterios para su selección, rigurosamente seguidos que garantizan la calidad de los mismos. Por lo mencionado, surgió como problema de la investigación: ¿Bajo qué perspectiva está orientado el pensamiento crítico en la educación básica? Por tanto, el presente artículo pretende crear una discusión sobre la visión que se le viene dando a la promoción y el inventivo del pensamiento crítico como parte del desarrollo de las habilidades de los educandos, especificando a las metodologías empleadas como variable principal del análisis realizado.

Optimisation of pelvic imaging radiography protocols in plain radiology: a scoping review

Introduction: The purpose of this work is to explore which studies have been performed in the field of radiation dose reduction in pelvic x-ray imaging and to determine optimization techniques for dose reduction.Materials and methods: A scoping review was performed by using databases Science Direct, PubMed, EBSCO Host and Springer Link. The keywords used were "radiography", "dose reduction", "pelvis" and "pelvic". Exclusion criteria were the keywords "CT" and "MRI".Results: 15 scientific articles that analyse the current dose impacts in selected institutions or regions were reviewed as a starting point to optimise protocols, to establish diagnostic reference levels, or to suggest different measures for dose reduction. Studies suggest the use of digital image receptor, adaptation of exposure parameters; they also point out the use of air gap instead of radiographic grid and investigate the usefulness of the gonad protection. A difference was noticed in developing countries that focus more on the establishment of DRLs and following the guidelines provided by other countries rather than developing new dose optimisation techniques.Conclusion: A pelvic x-ray must be performed with a low radiation dose impact that still doesn't compromise the diagnostic value of the image, which can be achieved by following the ALARA principle and with certain adjustments, suggested by the considered studies, especially with exposure parameters. The establishment of national and local diagnostic reference levels is also required.

THE EMPIRICAL REVIEW ON THE WORKING ENVIRONMENT, MOTIVATION AND SOCIAL ATTRIBUTES ON CAREER PERFORMANCE IN OMAN

A strategically effective, hygienic, and healthy environment ensures bringing satisfaction among the employees while a drab, challenging, and competitive atmosphere leaves a seriously poor impact on the employees. At different times, employees are required to face a number of challenges, both operational and organizations where they are essentially expected to invest their best knowledge, skills, and experience, However, in a poorly developed atmosphere an employee basically refuses to invest his or her abilities which ultimately creates challenges for the organization. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to evaluate the effects of the working environment, motivation and social factors on career performance in Oman. The study used online empirical recourses by the name of working environment, motivation and social factors and career performance in different online database sources such as Google Scholars, Springer Link, Wiley, Science Direct, JSTOR, Emerald full text, Scopus, and EBSCO HOST, etc. The review findings summarized that maintaining a sophistically impressive working environment basically helps an organization to maintain a good image before the pool of skilled candidates in the market and helping it to acquire the best talents. Moreover, the study also concluded that the majority of the organizations across the globe are focusing on maintaining an effective working atmosphere to keep the employees more engaged to the organization than that of the other and it has a significant role in the comprehensive development of the organization. The findings of the study draw a guideline for future scope of empirical indebt study in the area of the career performance in Oman and the regions.

A CONCEPTUAL REVIEW OF THE TALENT MANAGEMENT AND EMPLOYEE RETENTION IN BANKING INDUSTRY

The value of talent workers, talent management and talent retention has increased in the increasing economic circumstances of the world. Talented and devoted employees are often an integral part of every company. Smart, sophisticated, digitally literate, internationally astute and operationally agile businessmen are considered talented individuals. Talent management means that organisations have access to strategic planning with the best candidates with relevant expertise placed in the right place. Therefore, the aim of this study is to develop a conceptual model that explain the relationship between talent management and employee retention. The study will be used to accumulate empirical literature by the name of talent management and talent retention in different online database sources such as Google Scholars, Springer Link, Wiley, Science Direct, JSTOR, Emerald full text, Scopus, and EBSCO HOST, etc. The review findings of the study shown that any success or loss of a company mostly depends on the activities and survival of talented employees. The study also found that the retention of employees is one of the challenges that many public and private organisations face, has become an even greater challenge facing human resources professionals because there is a luxury of choice for talented candidates in the global job skills market. At the same time, there is a lack of research emphasizing only on banking industry. The proposed conceptual model depicts the significant effect of working environment and other dimensions of talent management and its effect on employee retention in banking industry.

CONCEPTUAL MODEL OF THE CAREER PATH BETWEEN CAREER PERFORMANCE ATTRIBUTES AND EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE IN PUBLIC SECTOR IN OMAN

The aim of the present study is to review and develop a conceptual model of the relationship between career performance attributes, career path, and employee performance of the public sector in Oman. The study used online empirical recourses by the name of career performance attributes, career path, and employee performance in different online database sources such as Google Scholars, Springer Link, Wiley, Science Direct, JSTOR, Emerald full text, Scopus, and EBSCO HOST, etc. The review study summarized that Job satisfaction is the positive emotion result from the appraisal of job experience and fulfillment of employee needs. The study also found that job satisfaction can gain high performance whereas the dissatisfied performance of employees yields low employee performance. Moreover, the study also observed that career development and life changes have become very challenging for working women and there are numerous studies targeted towards gaining a better understanding of this issue, its consequences and the significance of these challenges. Finally, the research develops a conceptual framework that is to be followed in order to analyze the various elements and aspects. The framework has been designed by considering the various variables and their intricacies in particular relation to the subject matter of the research work in Oman and the regions.