scholarly journals Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of essential oils from three Eucalyptus species

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Orapin Insuan ◽  
◽  
Benchaluk Thongchuai ◽  
Rujirek Chaiwongsa ◽  
Supaporn Khamchun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Eucalyptus Species ◽  
Raw264.7 Macrophages ◽  
Leaf Essential Oil ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Abstract Eucalyptus essential oils are used as traditional medicines in many countries. The objective of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of leaf essential oils extracted from three different Eucalyptus species on HepG2 and RAW264.7 cells. Essential oils were distilled from fresh leaf samples, and the chemical constituents were analyzed using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. The antioxidant activities of essential oils were determined using ABTS and hydroxyl radical scavenging assays, and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced oxidative stress in HepG2 cells. Additionally, lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated RAW264.7 macrophages were used to evaluate the anti-inflammatory properties. The results revealed that Eucalyptus citriodora and Eucalyptus urophylla leaf essential oils had a high content of oxygenated monoterpenes, whereas Eucalyptus deglupta contained a high amount of monoterpene hydrocarbons. Essential oils extracted from the three Eucalyptus species showed antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. E. citriodora and E. urophylla leaf essential oils had strong antioxidant activity against H2O2-induced oxidative stress in human HepG2 cells. Additionally, E. citriodora leaf essential oil, which contains a high amount of citronellal, exhibited the most potent anti-inflammatory activity in LPS-activated RAW264.7 macrophages. The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of essential oils depended on their chemical composition. A principal component analysis explained 100% of the variance was performed to construct three groups based on the chemical components and antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. This study suggests that E. citriodora leaf essential oil, which represents a good source of oxygenated monoterpenes, could be considered a potential phytochemical agent for the prevention of oxidative stress and inflammation. Keywords: Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory effect, Eucalyptus essential oils, Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, Principal component analysis

scholarly journals Aromatic Profiles of Essential Oils from Five Commonly Used Thai Basils

Foods ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tibet Tangpao ◽  
Hsiao-Hang Chung ◽  
Sarana Sommano
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Methyl Eugenol ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Ocimum Sanctum ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Ocimum Species ◽  
Holy Basil

The research objectives of this study are to analyse the volatile compositions of different basil types available in Thai markets and to descriptively determine their aromatic qualities. Essential oils were hydro-distillated from fresh leaves of two Holy basil (Ocimum sanctum) varieties namely, white and red and other basil species, including Tree basil (O. gratissimum), Thai basil (O. basilicum var. thyrsiflorum), and Lemon basil (O. citriodorum). Oil physiochemical characteristics and volatile chromatograms from Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) were used to qualitatively and quantitatively describe the chemical compositions. Estragole, eugenol, and methyl eugenol were among the major volatiles found in the essential oils of these basil types. Classification by Principal Component Analysis (PCA) advised that these Ocimum spp. samples are grouped based on either the distinctive anise, citrus aroma (estragole, geranial and neral), or spice-like aroma (methyl eugenol, β-caryophyllene, and α-cubebene). The essential oils were also used for descriptive sensorial determination by five semi-trained panellists, using the following developed terms: anise, citrus, herb, spice, sweet, and woody. The panellists were able to differentiate essential oils of white Holy basil from red Holy basil based on the intensity of the anisic attribute, while the anise and citrus scents were detected as dominant in the Lemon basil, Tree basil, and Thai basil essential oils. The overall benefit from this research was the elucidation of aromatic qualities from Thai common Ocimum species in order to assess their potential as the raw materials for new food products.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Activity of Several Cineole-Rich Western Australian Eucalyptus Essential Oils

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahad Aldoghaim ◽  
Gavin Flematti ◽  
Katherine Hammer
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Eucalyptus Globulus ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Eucalyptus Species ◽  
Broth Microdilution ◽  
Main Component ◽  
Western Australian

Essential oils from the Western Australian (WA) Eucalyptus mallee species Eucalyptus loxophleba, Eucalyptus polybractea, and Eucalyptus kochii subsp. plenissima and subsp. borealis were hydrodistilled from the leaves and then analysed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry in addition to a commercial Eucalyptus globulus oil and 1,8-cineole. The main component of all oils was 1,8-cineole at 97.32% for E. kochii subsp. borealis, 96.55% for E. kochii subsp. plenissima, 82.95% for E. polybractea, 78.78% for E. loxophleba 2, 77.02% for E. globulus, and 66.93% for E. loxophleba 1. The Eucalyptus oils exhibited variable antimicrobial activity determined by broth microdilution, with E. globulus and E. polybractea oils showing the highest activities. The majority of microorganisms were inhibited or killed at concentrations ranging from 0.25% to 8.0% (v/v). Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans were the least susceptible organisms, whilst Acinetobacter baumannii was the most sensitive. In conclusion, all oils from WA Eucalyptus species showed microorganism inhibitory activity, although this varied according to both the Eucalyptus species and the microorganism tested. These data demonstrate that WA Eucalyptus oils show activity against a range of medically important pathogens and therefore have potential as antimicrobial agents.

scholarly journals DIFFERENTIATION OF FATTY ACID COMPOSITION OF BUTTER ADULTERATED WITH LARD USING GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY MASS SPECTROMETRY COMBINED WITH PRINCIPAL COMPONENET ANALYSIS

2016 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurrulhidayah Ahmad Fadzlillah ◽  
Abdul Rohman ◽  
Arieff Salleh Rosman ◽  
Farahwahida Mohd Yusof ◽  
Amin Ismail ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Food Samples ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Halal Authentication

Butter is high priced product; as a consequence, butter can be subjected for adulteration with low price components such as lard. The presence of lard in any products is not allowed for Muslim and Jewish, therefore, its presence must be identified. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was successfully used to detect and discriminate butter from adulterated with lard. Results were presented in the form of chromatogram. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to interpret the data and provided a good grouping of samples with 55.8% of the variation accounted for by PC 1 and 21.5% were accounted for by PC 2. All the lard containing samples formed a separate group from the samples that were free of lard. This method can be developed into a rapid method for detecting the presence of lard in food samples for Halal authentication.

scholarly journals Infestation of Glycaspis brimblecombei Moore on Thirteen Eucalyptus Species and Their Relationship with the Chemical Composition of Essential Oils

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Lucia ◽  
Cecilia Naspi ◽  
Eduardo Zerba ◽  
Héctor Masuh
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Eucalyptus Species ◽  
Pest Insect ◽  
Glycaspis Brimblecombei ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Number Of Individuals

Glycaspis brimblecombei is a pest insect that affects Eucalyptus genus and was firstly detected in Argentina in 2005. The main objective of this study is to determine the correlation between the level of infestation and chemical composition of essential oils extract. In an experimental plantation of 13 Eucalyptus species, the natural presence of the psyllid in the adaxial and abaxial faces of the leaves was determined and the mean number of individuals per species was calculated. The essential oils were extracted by hydrodistillation and analyzed for their chemical composition by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The results showed that 7 out of 13 species of Eucalyptus were not affected by G. brimblecombei: E. dunnii, E. globulus maidenii, E. globulus ssp. globulus, E. viminalis, E. cinerea, E. sideroxylon, and E. gunnii. The most affected Eucalyptus species were E. tereticornis and E. camaldulensis whereas the infestation in E. grandis × E. tereticornis and E. grandis × E. camaldulensis was intermediate. E. saligna and E. grandis were the least affected species. The relative concentrations of the compounds 1,8-cineole and α- and β-phellandrene in the essential oils are highly correlated to the rate of infestation with G. brimblecombei.

scholarly journals Classification of perfume products using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and pattern recognition

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tengku Fazarina Tengku Ab Ghani ◽  
Hasmerya Maarof ◽  
Mohamed Noor Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Pattern Recognition ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Chemometric Technique ◽  
And Cluster Analysis ◽  
Plant Sources

Perfume is a mixture of fragrant essential oils and aroma compounds, fixatives, and solvents used to give human body, objects, and living spaces a pleasant odour. Perfume compositions are mixture of natural and synthetic sources which consist of 100 or more components. The difference in composition of perfume is the  main characteristics which can classify the perfume into several groups such as animal and plant sources. Therefore, correct identification of each perfume product composition is crucial in order to do the classification. The perfume products have been analyzed using gas chromatography mass spectrometry and chemometric technique. There are 34 samples of perfume products used in this article which is taken from different brand available around Skudai. Chemometric technique was applied in this research to simplify data obtained by allowing them to form classes to their respective groups. Two unsupervised pattern recognition technique namely principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis were used. The perfume product samples investigated in this research can be classified into two main groups namely animal and plant sources. Principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis were successfully used in classifying the perfume product according to their respective groups based on the compositional information from the chromatogram of each samples.________________________________________GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

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