The Poverty of Academia: My Life as NonTenure Track Faculty

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-142
Author(s):  
Sarah Prior
Keyword(s):  
Labor Force ◽  
Class Size ◽  
Job Security ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Tenure Track ◽  
Contingent Labor ◽  
Universities And Colleges ◽  
Part Time ◽  
One Year

Non-tenure track (NTT) positions include faculty who teach full and part-time and are not on the tenure-track. These positions include full-time lecturers, fixed-term faculty, etc. Positions such as these are typically on one-year contracts, though some may be on 1 - 3 year contracts. While the title, pay and status, among other things, varies by institutions, it is undeniable that universities and colleges have been shifting in recent years to this kind of contingent labor force. These positions also include part-time adjuncts including professionals teaching a class here and there, and professional teachers who may teach at many institutions. Individuals who are not on the tenure-track often find themselves with little job security, an often inequitable distribution of labor (in terms of class preps, class size, etc.), and in positions that pay significantly less than their tenure-track counterparts’ salaries.

Study on the effect of providing learning opportunities on the formation of intention to continue work for non-regular professionals

Impact ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (7) ◽  
pp. 41-43
Author(s):  
Takao Maeda
Keyword(s):  
Job Security ◽  
Business Administration ◽  
Learning Opportunities ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Training And Education ◽  
Regular Employment ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Intention To Continue ◽  
Continue Work ◽  
Limited Duration

In Japan, almost 40 per cent of employees are so-called 'non-regular employees'. That is to say, employees with a limited duration of employment. This is in opposition to their 'regular employee' counterparts who are full-time workers without a limited duration of employment. Non-regular employees include both part-time and full-time workers with a short- or intermediate-term of employment. The percentage of non-regular employees is on the rise in Japan and this is bringing with it decreased morale and productivity due to factors such as lack of job security. In addition, motivation is negatively affected by non-regular employees receiving fewer opportunities, such as training, for example, than regular employees. Naturally, a lack of training and education opportunities would have an adverse effect on motivation and morale. Professor Takao Maeda is based in the Faculty of Business, Marketing and Distribution, Nakamura Gakuen University in Japan, and is working alongside collaborators Professors Tomofumi Tohara and Shigeaki Mishima, who are both based in the Faculty of Business Administration, Osaka University of Economics in Japan. The team is focused on research that looks at how closing disparities between regular and non-regular employment could increase the motivation of non-regular employees.

scholarly journals Dynamics of female labor force participation and welfare with multiple social reference groups

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mihaela Pintea
Keyword(s):  
Labor Force ◽  
Labor Force Participation ◽  
Wage Gap ◽  
Female Labor Force Participation ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Female Labor ◽  
Female Participation ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Female Wages

Abstract I develop a model with status concerns to analyze how different economic factors affect female labor participation and welfare, as well as average household incomes and wages. Reductions in the price of domestic goods and increases in female wages have positive effects on female participation. Increases in male wages have different effects on female participation depending on whether they affect female wages or not. Events that lead to increases in female participation are usually associated with decreases in the welfare of stay-at-home wives but are not necessarily associated with increases in welfare of working wives. Allowing for part-time work can lead to an increase in overall female labor force participation, but some women that would have worked full-time end up working part-time. If female wages are endogenous, an increase in male wages leads to an increase in the female participation rate even if it is not associated with a decrease in the gender wage gap. The positive feedback of increased female participation on their wages can lead to hysteresis of dual equilibria of high and low female labor force participation and a discontinuous transition between these equilibria.

Temporary part-time employment and future wages of male employees – a panel data analysis of the German labour market

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (10) ◽  
pp. 7-23
Author(s):  
Piotr Matuszak
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Unobserved Heterogeneity ◽  
Panel Data Analysis ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Job Experience ◽  
Time Work ◽  
Part Time ◽  
One Year ◽  
Full Time Employment

The aim of this study is to assess the relationship between temporary part-time employment and the wages male employees receive in subsequent full-time employment within the first five and the first ten years from the date of starting their full-time employment. The study uses data from the German labour market, obtained from the Socio-Economic Panel for the years 1984–2014. The fixed effects estimator, which solves the unobserved heterogeneity issue by removing time-invariant individual effects by a ‘within’ transformation, was applied in the empirical analysis. The results indicate that having experience as a part-time worker is associated with lower future wages – a one-year increase in the number of years in part-time work in the last two to five years leads to a reduction in future wages in a full-time job by 4.4% on average, compared to having solely a full-time job experience. However, this relationship becomes statistically insignificant after five years of being employed full-time. The results are robust to different specifications and it is indicated that an inverse relationship between working below regular hours and future wages in full-time employment is related to working parttime in low- and medium-skilled occupations. At the same time, working part-time is less detrimental to future wages than periods of unemployment.

“It’s the Economy, Stupid”

It's a Setup ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 21-55
Author(s):  
Timothy Black ◽  
Sky Keyes
Keyword(s):  
Labor Force ◽  
Family Relationships ◽  
Economic Restructuring ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Family Needs ◽  
The Great Recession ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Jobless Recovery ◽  
Full Time Employment

In this chapter, the authors describe the effects that neoliberal economic restructuring has had on the earning potential of men at the bottom of the labor force. Pushed into low-wage full-time employment that falls far short of meeting family needs or into part-time employment, or even out of the labor force, these men struggle to contribute as providers, and as fathers more generally. Financial stress in family relationships has become less episodic and more permanent, while marriage has ceased to be a viable institution in economically unstable social circumstances. The jobless recovery of the early part of the decade and the Great Recession at the end help us to see family vulnerability in a neoliberal context.

Sex Differences and Attitudes towards Permanent Part-time Work in Education

1988 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-74
Author(s):  
Jack M. Wood ◽  
Joan A. Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Primary Teachers ◽  
Job Security ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Time Work ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Time Basis ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Part Time Work

The typical stereotype of the part-time teacher is that they are: married females who are currently employed as casual teachers, without job security; married females employed on a full-time basis wishing to work on a part-time basis; or unemployed married females seeking to enter teaching who are unable to obtain full-time teaching positions. The composition of the part-time workforce is diversifying away from this stereotype in many fields. Many single and married males now express a preference to work on a permanent part-time basis. This study examined the comparative perceptions of a random sample of male and female primary teachers regarding the costs and benefits that would be associated with the introduction of permanent part-time teaching (PPTT). The most important finding was the high degree of support for PPTT among male primary teachers. These findings challenge the widely held stereotype that only females want to work on a PPTT basis. Such results also demonstrate the magnitude of social and economic change that is occurring in education labour markets.

Work History and Later-Life Labor Force Participation: Evidence from a Large Telecommunications Firm

ILR Review ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 699-715 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gangaram Singh ◽  
Anil Verma
Keyword(s):  
Labor Force ◽  
Labor Force Participation ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Work History ◽  
Clerical Workers ◽  
Managerial Occupation ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Full Time Employment ◽  
Work Attachment

This study examines the relationship between later-life labor force participation and work history. Survey data on 1,805 Bell Canada early retirees show that 40% returned to work, of whom 17% took full-time employment, 51% took part-time employment, and 32% became self-employed. Return to work was positively related to work attachment and tenure in the last job, and negatively related to having been in a non-managerial occupation and lacking upward career mobility. Those with high attachment to work (as measured by responses to several survey questions) were more likely to return to full-time employment than to retire. Clerical workers were less likely than managers to choose part-time employment over retirement. Both lateral (versus upward) mobility in the last job and high work attachment were negatively related to the choice of self-employment over retirement.

scholarly journals Off the track: A profile of non-tenure track faculty at McGill University

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Carol Cumming Speirs ◽  
Rhonda Amsel ◽  
Malcolm G. Baines ◽  
Jo-Anne Pickel
Keyword(s):  
Employment Status ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Tenure Track ◽  
Highly Qualified ◽  
Tenure Track Faculty ◽  
Financial Restraint ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Mcgill University ◽  
Disproportionate Number ◽  
High Degree

A survey conducted at McGill University suggests that non-tenure track faculty are a diverse group of highly-qualified individuals whose employment status involves a high degree of uncertainty. In accordance with other Canadian and American studies, the survey also found that a disproportionate number of women occupy non-tenure track as opposed to tenured or tenure track positions. Since the 1980s, North American universities have responded to increasing student enrollments and con- tinued cuts to government funding by appointing significant numbers of faculty to full-time and part-time non-tenure track positions. Due to the precariousness of their employment status, non-tenure track faculty rep- resent an attractive buffer in times of financial restraint. Despite their increasing numbers, however, little is known about the composition and concerns of non-tenure track faculty as a group. This article describes this group at one university and puts into question the structural and power relations that have led to their increased use and abuse.

scholarly journals La situation de l'emploi chez les finissants francophones des institutions de formation à l'enseignement de l'Ontario

1995 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-78
Author(s):  
Yves Herry ◽  
Denis Levesque ◽  
Laverne Smith ◽  
David Marshall
Keyword(s):  
Teacher Education Program ◽  
French Language ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Language Teacher Education ◽  
Teaching Position ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Teaching Positions ◽  
One Year ◽  
The One

The employment status of 420 Francophone students who graduated in 1991 from an Ontario French-language teacher education program was assessed, one and two years after graduation. One year after graduation, 265 graduates (63%) held full-time teaching positions; 38 (9%) held part-time teaching positions; and 63 (15%) were working as supply teachers. At the two-year follow-up, 6 percent of the respondents who were not employed as teachers at the one year follow-up had signed teaching contracts; whereas 12 percent who had held a teaching position a year earlier had lost their teaching jobs. Fifty seven percent of the respondents were found to be employed as teachers at both the one- and two-year follow-ups. Twenty-five percent of the sample had failed to secure a teaching position at either follow-up.

Evidence of a Hemophilia Employment Gap: Comparing Data from CHESS US+ and the 2019 Current Population Survey

Blood ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 136 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 26-27
Author(s):  
Sohaib Asghar ◽  
Tom Burke ◽  
Natalia Misciattelli ◽  
Sharmila Kar ◽  
George Morgan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Labor Force ◽  
Labor Force Participation ◽  
Current Population Survey ◽  
Population Survey ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Severe Hemophilia ◽  
Current Population ◽  
The Us ◽  
Part Time

INTRODUCTION Severe hemophilia A (<1% normal FVIII activity) and B (<1% normal FIX activity) are congenital bleeding disorders characterized by uncontrolled bleeding, either spontaneously or in response to trauma or surgery. Recent commentary has identified a number of patient-important and patient-relevant outcomes that have been understudied, namely the challenges faced by people living with hemophilia to participate in the labor force. The socio-economic impact of hemophilia is comparatively less well understood than clinical outcomes and therapy-related costs. Under-employment and under-utilization have long-term consequences to individuals' job prospects and psychosocial health, as well as an economic cost to the society. The objective of the analysis is to compare labor market participation, among people with severe hemophilia from the US and the general population. This analysis draws on household data derived from the 2019 Current Population Survey (CPS), and on patient-reported data from a patient-centric study conducted in 2019 of people with severe hemophilia, in the US: the 'Cost of Severe Hemophilia Across the US: A Socioeconomic Survey' (CHESS US+). METHODS A patient-centric framework informed the design of CHESS US+ a retrospective (12 months prior to study enrollment), cross-sectional dataset of adults with severe hemophilia in the US. Conducted in 2019, the study used a patient-completed questionnaire to collect data on patient-relevant clinical, economic, and humanistic outcomes. This analysis examines labor market participation (full-time, part-time, unemployed), and corresponding general population data derived from the 2019 Current Population Survey (CPS). Data on the general population were sourced from the 2019 CPS 'Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population'. Persons 'not in the labor force' in the 2019 CPS and retired persons in CHESS US+ were not included in the analysis. We present data on the civilian labor force, in CHESS US+ and in the 2019 CPS. Results are presented as mean (standard deviation) or N (%). RESULTS Of 356 patients profiled in the CHESS US+ study, 97 (27%) had severe hemophilia B and 257 (73%) had severe hemophilia A. Mean age and weight (kg) of the cohort was 34.99 (12.15) and 85.71 (22.81), respectively. The labor force participation rates of non-retired people with severe hemophilia in CHESS US+ (N = 340) and the general population (161,458) are described in Table 1. Examining aggregate data on employment status observed a higher proportion of people with severe hemophilia in part-time employment (24.4% vs. 15.7%). Differences in the labor force participation of people living with severe hemophilia compared to the general population were most pronounced in the full-time employment rate and the unemployment rate. Compared to 80.7% of the general population (Table 1), only 53.5% of people with severe hemophilia in CHESS US+ had a full-time job. Moreover, the unemployment rate (Table 1) in the 2019 CPS compared with the rate observed in CHESS US+ (3.7% vs. 22.1%) provides a stark contrast in the employment experiences of people living with severe hemophilia relative to the general population. CONCLUSIONS This analysis of CHESS US+ illustrates the impact of severe hemophilia on labor force participation. People with severe hemophilia were more likely than the general population to be unemployed, or in part-time employment. A notable contrast was observed in the rate of full-time employment and unemployment, among the general population compared to people living with severe hemophilia. These data illustrate the need to quantify the impact of hemophilia using a holistic approach that considers the cost of involuntary illness-related part-time and unemployment. Disclosures Asghar: HCD Economics: Current Employment. Burke:HCD Economics: Current Employment; F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd: Consultancy; University of Chester: Current Employment. Misciattelli:Freeline: Current Employment, Current equity holder in publicly-traded company. Kar:Freeline: Current Employment, Current equity holder in publicly-traded company. Morgan:HCD Economics: Current Employment; uniQure: Consultancy. O'Hara:F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd: Consultancy; HCD Economics: Current Employment, Current equity holder in private company.

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