Creating an environment that encourages both extensive and intense threaded dialogue The growth of discussion threads and the size of the class

The purpose of this research is to investigate the beginning and development of asynchronous discussion threads in various class sizes over the course of 25 graduate-level courses and 22 interviews. The paper also aims to create some recommendations for promoting threaded discourse during the initiation, advancement, summary, and evaluation phases of a discussion thread from pedagogical, technological, and theoretical viewpoints. The statistical analysis revealed that class size did influence the number of threads and the length of threads created by students and instructors, which showed the importance of certain themes in the conversation. The majority of participants said that it was difficult to follow threaded conversations in order to establish meaningful cooperation in huge classrooms. Instructors and graduate students each expressed a preference as to whether they should begin or follow a conversation. Some pedagogical tactics were used by the instructors to facilitate the commencement and growth of discussion threads. This research may have consequences for both practitioners and academics in terms of developing new software features and designing efficient educational tactics in order to produce more successful comprehensive and intense knowledge-building discourse in the classroom.

Detecting Population Regulation of Winter Flounder from Noisy Data

Year-class size of marine fish is thought to be determined during the first year of life, with density-dependent mortality during the larval or juvenile stages. However, investigations of such dynamics are often limited by data availability. To test this paradigm for winter flounder (Pseudopleuronectes americanus) in Narragansett Bay, Rhode Island, the abundances of 29 year classes moving through seven life stages were analyzed with a novel extension of key-factor analysis. Evidence of density dependence was identified between the egg and July young-of-the-year stages and high process-error variance was detected throughout the life cycle, suggesting year-class size is not fully determined until age-2. However, the first summer appeared to be a critical life stage for winter flounder, during which high temperatures, hypoxia, and predator abundance contributed to increased mortality rates behind a long-term population decline. Due to its general data requirements, the key-factor analysis method developed here may be applied to other marine populations to identify the impacts of external stressors at particular life stages and the degree to which they are compensated by density-dependent processes.

Traditional and Flipped Learning: Which Enhances Students’ Academic Performance Better?

Most of the learning institutions even before the global pandemic are using a blended learning strategy. One of the most promising and leading blended-strategy today is the Flipped Classroom Model (FCM). FCM, often called as inverted classroom or reversed instruction, is a teaching model where the content of the study is given outside the classroom and homework is done inside the classroom. Previous researches yields different results when FCM is compared with traditional learning in enhancing students’ academic performance. To address the problem, a meta-analysis has been conducted. In this study, 15 articles were chosen to be meta-analyzed. The researchers used the PRISMA model in conducting the meta-analysis and the Meta-essentials for data analysis. The analysis yields a p-value of 0.000 which means that there is a statistical significant effect by the intervention FCM to the academic performance of the students. The hedges’ g value of 0.93 has a verbal interpretation of large effect. Through subgroup analysis, it was found that FCM has a positive effect on the academic performance of the students in the subjects Physics and Mathematics with a p value of 0.000. This is also true in the subgroup, Geographical Location (Eastern and Western Countries), that yields a p-value of 0.000. Further, a moderator analysis on class size and intervention duration was also conducted. A significant p-value was found on the moderator implementation duration but not significant in the moderator class size. The analysis favors the longitudinal use of Flipped Classroom Model on enhancing student’s academic performance over Traditional Lecture Model in the subjects Physics and Mathematics regardless the class size of the students and the regions where the studies were conducted.

The Effects of Massive Classes in the English Language Andragogy: A study at Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (CUVAS) Bahawalpur

The research investigates the impact of class size on English as second dialect andragogy in proper setup. The exploration was conducted at CUVAS Bahawalpur. For English language instructing, several BS classes are merged, which came about into an expansion in class size. It has impacted the nature of educating by virtue of a few issues looked at by instructors just as learners. A survey technique was applied to gather the information from 312 students (196 female and 116 male) on the educational, societal, and psychological factors that huge classes have on the English dialectal andragogy. Data were examined through SPSS. The findings of the study plainly show that enormous class sizes unfavorably affect the nature of teaching and learning. The study will be beneficial for teachers, students, and policymakers

The Comparison of Tree-Based Ensemble Machine Learning for Classifying Public Datasets

This study aims to determine the best methods of tree-based ensemble machine learning to classify the datasets used, a total of 34 datasets. This study also wants to know the relationship between the number of records and columns of the test dataset with the number of estimators (trees) for each ensemble model, namely Random Forest, Extra Tree Classifier, AdaBoost, and Gradient Bosting. The four methods will be compared to the maximum accuracy and the number of estimators when tested to classify the test dataset. Based on the results of the experiments above, tree-based ensemble machine learning methods have been obtained and the best number of estimators for the classification of each dataset used in the study. The Extra Tree method is the best classifier method for binary-class and multi-class. Random Forest is good for multi-classes, and AdaBoost is a pretty good method for binary-classes. The number of rows, columns and data classes is positively correlated with the number of estimators. This means that to process a dataset with a large row, column or class size requires more estimators than processing a dataset with a small row, column or class size. However, the relationship between the number of classes and accuracy is negatively correlated, meaning that the accuracy will decrease if there are more classes for classification.

Relationship between Health Educators’ Variables and Retention in Public Secondary Schools in Delta and Edo States

This study was undertaken to investigate relationship between health educators’ variables and job retention in public secondary schools in Delta and Edo states. The study employed correlational design. The population was 1122 principals and health educators’ in public secondary schools in Delta and Edo States. The population includes 469 principals and 215 health educators ’ in public secondary schools in Delta State and 259 principals and 179 health educators ’ in public secondary schools in Edo State. The researcher sampled 364 (50%) principals and the entire 394 health educators’ in public secondary schools in Delta and Edo States. The stratified random sampling technique was utilised to choose 50 % of principals in the two states that were used in the study. The instrument for the study was a questionnaire titled Health Educators’ Variables and Retention in Public Secondary Schools Questionnaire (HEVRPSSQ). Pearson Product Moment Correlational Coefficient (r) was used to establish the reliability of the questionnaire. Overall coefficient of the whole test value of Pearson Product Moment Correlational Coefficient (r) was 0 .79. Items on the questionnaire were scored by means of the four points scoring scale of Strongly Agree (4 points), Agree (3 points), Disagree (2 points) and Strongly Disagree (1 point). Out of the entire copies of 746questionnaires administered, 1,197 copies were retrieved. Principals were 359 and health educators’ were 387. Mean rating and standard deviation were utilised to answer the three research questions. Pearson Product Moment Correlational Coefficient (r) was utilised to test the three null hypotheses formulated to guide the study at 0.05 levels of significance. Findings showed that work load, class sise with health educators’ retention negatively in public secondary schools in Delta and Edo States. Supportive principals with health educators’ retention positively in public secondary schools in Delta and Edo States. There was a significant relationship among work load, class size, supportive principals and job retention in public secondary schools in Delta and Edo States. It was concluded in the study that work load, class size negatively relate with health educators ’ retention in public secondary schools in Delta and Edo States was low as the ratings were low. Supportive principals negatively relate with health educators’ retention in public secondary schools in Delta and Edo States was high as the ratings were high. It was recommended in the study that work load should be organised for health educators in public secondary schools in Delta and Edo States to enhance their’ retention, class size should be well stated to enhance health educators’ retention in public secondary schools in Delta and Edo States and competent mentors should be used in work load plans for health educators to enhance their retention in teaching in public secondary schools in Delta and Edo States.

Facilitators and Barriers of Teachers’ Use of Effective Classroom Management Strategies for Students with ADHD: A Model Analysis Based on Teachers’ Perspectives

Students with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) often experience school-related difficulties. Although evidence-based classroom management strategies (CMS) are known to alleviate such problems, they are rarely implemented. The current study examined whether a path model including variables influencing the use of effective CMS developed by top-down methods can be replicated utilizing an open science method. An extended model including class size and experience with children with ADHD was also calculated. We further explored prominent implementation barriers. N = 336 in-service teachers completed an online survey. Perceived effectiveness, training on ADHD, perceived disruption, and affiliation with primary/special educational needs schools were important variables associated with the use of CMS. While class size was not correlated with the use of CMS, experience mediated by training revealed an indirect association with it. Class size, lack of time, and many students with disabilities were the most frequently reported implementation barriers. The implementation of effective CMS could thus be mainly enhanced by improving how effectiveness is perceived and by engaging teachers in ADHD-specialized training. Preparing teachers in how to cope with potential barriers should also be considered.

A Course for Teaching and Learning About the Responsible Conduct of Research

Over the past 30 years, the scientific community has been increasingly challenged to provide the next generation of researchers with training in responsible conduct of research (RCR). Although RCR courses, workshops, and seminars are now routinely taught internationally, there is little uniformity in goals, content, pedagogy, duration, class size, or methods of assessment. The result is a mixed picture of effectiveness. In this manuscript, we describe goals, rationales, and features for a course tested and revised through well over 100 iterations. Based on our experience and that of others with whom we have shared this model, we propose this course as one that RCR instructors might readily and successfully adopt or adapt.