scholarly journals Enumeration of Hoya species in Mindanao Island, Philippines: Conservation concerns

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
REN DIVIEN R. OBENA ◽  
INOCENCIO Jr E BUOT
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Threatened Species ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Forest Degradation ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Extensive Study ◽  
Conservation Strategy ◽  
Forest Land ◽  
Species Protection ◽  
The Past

Abstract. Obeña RDR, Buot JrIE. 2019. Enumeration of Hoya species in Mindanao Island, Philippines: Conservation concerns. Biodiversitas 20: 1699-1707.  Unknown resources are difficult to utilize. Hence, an extensive study of literature was carried out to determine the Hoya species found in Mindanao, Philippines. The main purpose of the study was to know the Hoya resources in Mindanao, an area which is not exempted to extensive forest degradation. Many of these Hoya species are endemic and vulnerable to extinction. A total of 33 Hoya species which are epiphytes on trees had been recorded in Mindanao. Three species in the area were classified as endangered based on the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) list of threatened species (DAO 2007-01), while one species is classified as vulnerable based on DAO 2017-11. For the past years, forest cover in the Philippines has been continuously declining. This scenario can negatively affect the population of Hoya since the forest serves as a habitat for these species. Protection of the forest land in Mindanao can serve as a conservation strategy of the Hoya species.

scholarly journals Tiger grass (Thysanolaena maxima) cultivation in CALSANAG watershed in Romblon, Philippines: dilemmas and prospects for sustainable natural resources management

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
LEILA LANDICHO ◽  
MARIA THERESA NEMESIS P. OCAMPO ◽  
ROWENA ESPERANZA D. CABAHUG ◽  
ROMNICK S. BALITON ◽  
EDGARDO ANDALECIO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Agroforestry Systems ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Natural Resources Management ◽  
Biophysical Characterization ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
Farming Communities ◽  
Alternative Sources

Abstract. Landicho LD, Ocampo MTNP, Cabahug RED, Baliton RS, Andalecio E, Inocencio R, Servanez M, Cosico RSA, Abadillos MG, Catillo AKA. 2020. Tiger grass (Thysanolaena maxima) cultivation in CALSANAG watershed in Romblon, Philippines: dilemmas and prospects for sustainable natural resources management. Biodiversitas 21: 2322-2330. Promoting sustainable natural resources management is a complex issue such that striking a balance between socioeconomic productivity and environmental integrity remains a challenge. This paper highlights the results of a study conducted from April to December 2019, which assessed the state of natural resources management in Barangay Marinorte, Romblon, which is part of the CALSANAG (Calatrava, San Andres, and San Agustin) Watershed. Biophysical characterization was done to determine land use and biodiversity, while farm household survey was administered to 133 farmers to characterize their socioeconomic conditions. Results showed that all of the farmer-respondents were engaged in the production of tiger grass (Thysanolaena maxima Roxb), where most of the farm households derived an estimated annual income of >Php50,000. Although their household income is higher as compared to other upland farming communities in the Philippines, most of them expressed that their income is insufficient since tiger grass is harvested only once a year, and the farmers have no alternative sources of income. On the other hand, biophysical characterization revealed the following: the farms are generally rainfed, have rolled to steep slopes, and have indications of low soil fertility, soil erosion incidence, and very low level of biodiversity (0.92). Most of the farmers practiced "slash-and-burn" to cultivate tiger grass as a single crop and hence, the forest cover has declined. A multi-agency collaboration jointly initiated agroforestry promotion in the upland farming communities through capability-building of upland farmers in agroforestry and establishment of tiger grass-based agroforestry model which showcases the economic and ecological viability of agroforestry systems in CALSANAG Watershed.

scholarly journals Applying Multi-Temporal Landsat Satellite Data and Markov-Cellular Automata to Predict Forest Cover Change and Forest Degradation of Sundarban Reserve Forest, Bangladesh

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1016
Author(s):  
Mohammad Emran Hasan ◽  
Biswajit Nath ◽  
A.H.M. Raihan Sarker ◽  
Zhihua Wang ◽  
Li Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Automata ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Landsat Imagery ◽  
Forest Degradation ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Forest Cover Change ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future ◽  
Reserve Forest ◽  
Health Quality

Overdependence on and exploitation of forest resources have significantly transformed the natural reserve forest of Sundarban, which shares the largest mangrove territory in the world, into a great degradation status. By observing these, a most pressing concern is how much degradation occurred in the past, and what will be the scenarios in the future if they continue? To confirm the degradation status in the past decades and reveal the future trend, we took Sundarban Reserve Forest (SRF) as an example, and used satellite Earth observation historical Landsat imagery between 1989 and 2019 as existing data and primary data. Moreover, a geographic information system model was considered to estimate land cover (LC) change and spatial health quality of the SRF from 1989 to 2029 based on the large and small tree categories. The maximum likelihood classifier (MLC) technique was employed to classify the historical images with five different LC types, which were further considered for future projection (2029) including trends based on 2019 simulation results from 1989 and 2019 LC maps using the Markov-cellular automata model. The overall accuracy achieved was 82.30%~90.49% with a kappa value of 0.75~0.87. The historical result showed forest degradation in the past (1989–2019) of 4773.02 ha yr−1, considered as great forest degradation (GFD) and showed a declining status when moving with the projection (2019–2029) of 1508.53 ha yr−1 and overall there was a decline of 3956.90 ha yr−1 in the 1989–2029 time period. Moreover, the study also observed that dense forest was gradually degraded (good to bad) but, conversely, light forest was enhanced, which will continue in the future even to 2029 if no effective management is carried out. Therefore, by observing the GFD, through spatial forest health quality and forest degradation mapping and assessment, the study suggests a few policies that require the immediate attention of forest policy-makers to implement them immediately and ensure sustainable development in the SRF.

scholarly journals Patterns of forest cover loss in the terrestrial Key Biodiversity Areas in the Philippines: critical habitat conservation priorities

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 20019-20032
Author(s):  
Bernard Peter Daipan
Keyword(s):  
Forest Cover ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Conservation Strategy ◽  
Conservation Priorities ◽  
Remotely Sensed Data ◽  
Biodiversity Crisis ◽  
Deforestation Rate ◽  
Study Sites ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Forest Cover Loss

The Philippines, home to over 20,000 endemic species of plants and animals, is facing a biodiversity crisis due to the constant decrease of forest cover. The Key Biodiversity Area (KBA) approach was developed to conserve species threatened with extinction using a site-based conservation strategy to select globally important sites using threshold-based criteria for species irreplaceability and vulnerability. This study investigates the applicability of remotely sensed data through geospatial analysis to quantify forest cover loss of the 101 terrestrial KBAs in the country between 2001 and 2019. Results showed that the study sites had 4.5 million hectares (ha) of forest in the year 2000. However, these sites have lost about 270,000 ha of forest in nearly two decades, marking a steady decline with an annual deforestation rate of 14,213 ha per year in these terrestrial KBAs. The majority of the study sites (58) had a high percentage of forest loss (>3.13%), and these should be prioritized for conservation. By the year 2030, it is forecast that a total of 331 thousand ha of forest will be lost unless there is a transformational change in the country’s approach to dealing with deforestation. The results of this study provide relevant data and information in forest habitat in near real-time monitoring to assess the impact and effectiveness of forest governance and approaches within these critical habitats.

scholarly journals An Assessment of Potential Benefits to Smallholders of REDD+ Components in the Philippines

2011 ◽  
pp. 31-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodel x Rodel Lasco ◽  
Florencia Pulhin ◽  
Leonida Bugayong
Keyword(s):  
Forest Cover ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Forest Degradation ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Carbon Credits ◽  
Forest Protection ◽  
Sequestration Potential ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Building Program

Many sectors in the Philippines are looking at the potential of Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation-plus (REDD+) under the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) to help finance forest protection and rehabilitation in the country. However, one major problem is that there is little information on the potential benefits the country can expect under REDD+. Specifically, it is not known how each component activities of REDD+ can benefit smallholder farmers. Thus, this paper assesses the potential benefits of activities under REDD+ to smallholder farmers in the country. The key question is what the potential of REDD+ in the Philippines is for improving the sequestration potential of the forest sector and to serve as a form of supplemental livelihood for rural forest dwellers? The main approach of the paper is to summarize what is known about: the historical pattern of deforestation and degradation, the driving forces behind them, community-based forest management (CBFM), tenure and rights, and to analyze the implications of Copenhagen and Cancun meetings for the Philippines. The main finding of the study is that depending on which REDD+ activity is implemented, smallholder farmers under CBFM areas would have varying roles and potential benefits. Smallholder farmers will benefit the most from avoiding forest degradation and enhancing of forest stocks activities because these activities pose the highest potential carbon credits. Due to the rising total forest cover of the country, very few carbon credits are expected from avoiding deforestation. This implies that government policies and programs could focus on preparing local communities and institutions for activities that decrease forest degradation and enhance carbon stocks. In addition, there are many uncertainties and information gaps remaining. For example, the rate of biomass degradation in Philippines forests and the drivers of forest degradation are still unknown. The ability of government agencies to implement REDD+ is still inadequate. A strong capacity building program is therefore essential.

Democracy in a Time of Misery

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Curato
Keyword(s):  
Field Research ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Gallup Poll ◽  
The Past ◽  
Democratic Action ◽  
The World ◽  
Political Value

Misery rarely features in conversations about democracy. And yet, in the past decades, global audiences are increasingly confronted with spectacles of human pain. The world is more stressed, worried, and sad today than we have ever seen it, a Gallup poll finds. Does democracy stand a chance in a time of widespread suffering? Drawing on three years of field research among communities affected by Typhoon Haiyan in the Philippines, this book offers ethnographic portraits of how collective suffering, trauma, and dispossession enlivens democratic action. It argues that emotional forms of communication create publics that assert voice and visibility at a time when attention is the scarcest resource, whilst also creating hierarchies of misery among suffering communities. Democracy in a Time of Misery investigates the ethical and political value of democracy in the most trying of times and reimagines how the virtues of deliberative practice can be valued in the context of widespread suffering.

scholarly journals Persistent shallow magnetic inclination in the past 5 million years and implications for regional tectonics in the Philippines

2021 ◽  
pp. 100048
Author(s):  
Decibel V. Faustino-Eslava ◽  
Hidetoshi Shibuya ◽  
Carla B. Dimalanta ◽  
Graciano P. Yumul ◽  
Jonathan T. Macuroy
Keyword(s):  
The Philippines ◽  
The Past ◽  
Magnetic Inclination ◽  
Regional Tectonics

scholarly journals Patterns and Drivers of Deforestation and Forest Degradation in Myanmar

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 7539
Author(s):  
Zaw Naing Tun ◽  
Paul Dargusch ◽  
DJ McMoran ◽  
Clive McAlpine ◽  
Genia Hill
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Change Detection ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Forest Canopy ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Forest Degradation ◽  
Forest Monitoring ◽  
Map Algebra ◽  
Change Detection Analysis ◽  
Detection Analysis

Myanmar is one of the most forested countries of mainland Southeast Asia and is a globally important biodiversity hotspot. However, forest cover has declined from 58% in 1990 to 44% in 2015. The aim of this paper was to understand the patterns and drivers of deforestation and forest degradation in Myanmar since 2005, and to identify possible policy interventions for improving Myanmar’s forest management. Remote sensing derived land cover maps of 2005, 2010 and 2015 were accessed from the Forest Department, Myanmar. Post-classification change detection analysis and cross tabulation were completed using spatial analyst and map algebra tools in ArcGIS (10.6) software. The results showed the overall annual rate of forest cover loss was 2.58% between 2005 and 2010, but declined to 0.97% between 2010 and 2015. The change detection analysis showed that deforestation in Myanmar occurred mainly through the degradation of forest canopy associated with logging rather than forest clearing. We propose that strengthening the protected area system in Myanmar, and community participation in forest conservation and management. There needs to be a reduction in centralisation of forestry management by sharing responsibilities with local governments and the movement away from corruption in the timber trading industry through the formation of local-based small and medium enterprises. We also recommend the development of a forest monitoring program using advanced remote sensing and GIS technologies.

scholarly journals Spontaneous deformation of protocatechuic acid crystals

1949 ◽  
Vol 197 (1050) ◽  
pp. 283-294 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Protocatechuic Acid ◽  
Motion Pictures ◽  
Extensive Study ◽  
The Other ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Stable Configuration ◽  
Unique Case ◽  
The Past ◽  
Spontaneous Deformation ◽  
Lattice Planes

In this paper an extensive study is reported of the very remarkable, and thus far apparently unique, case of the deformation in three dimensions of protocatechuic acid, to which attention was drawn many years ago by Otto Lehmann. The deformations are spontaneous, and are probably due to progressive gliding of the lattice planes, which exist in two configurations, one stable and the other unstable, the latter being the condition of the long prismatic rods when they first form. Such a prism presently deforms into a zigzag crystal, with stable and unstable sections in alternation which, with continuation of the deformation, becomes again straight, but now in the stable configuration. The bending is progressive, like that of an umbrella case, pendant from the end of an oblique cane pointed down, when the latter is pushed into it. The movements are so rapid that motion pictures, made with a microscope, were necessary for the observation of certain stages of the deformation. The deformations have been shown to many chemists and physicists during the past decade or more, none of whom had ever seen or heard of this remarkable type of crystal movement. The deformations are usually observed as the warm saturated solution cools, but they also occur after the crystal has been dried for many hours.

The Philippines in 2017

Asian Survey ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 142-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge V. Tigno
Keyword(s):  
The Philippines ◽  
The Past

Amid the bluster of Philippines President Rodrigo Duterte over the past year, a clearer picture emerged in 2017 of the leader and the direction he wants the country to take. Duterte may be a popular shaker and change-maker, but for the most part, he has also proven to be a divisive president.

scholarly journals Fucoidan Structure and Its Impact on Glucose Metabolism: Implications for Diabetes and Cancer Therapy

Marine Drugs ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
Blessing Mabate ◽  
Chantal Désirée Daub ◽  
Samkelo Malgas ◽  
Adrienne Lesley Edkins ◽  
Brett Ivan Pletschke
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Extensive Study ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Central Process ◽  
Diabetes Therapy ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
Brown Seaweeds ◽  
Anticancer Properties ◽  
The Past

Fucoidans are complex polysaccharides derived from brown seaweeds which consist of considerable proportions of L-fucose and other monosaccharides, and sulphated ester residues. The search for novel and natural bioproduct drugs (due to toxicity issues associated with chemotherapeutics) has led to the extensive study of fucoidan due to reports of it having several bioactive characteristics. Among other fucoidan bioactivities, antidiabetic and anticancer properties have received the most research attention in the past decade. However, the elucidation of the fucoidan structure and its biological activity is still vague. In addition, research has suggested that there is a link between diabetes and cancer; however, limited data exist where dual chemotherapeutic efforts are elucidated. This review provides an overview of glucose metabolism, which is the central process involved in the progression of both diseases. We also highlight potential therapeutic targets and show the relevance of fucoidan and its derivatives as a candidate for both cancer and diabetes therapy.

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