scholarly journals Antagonistic activity of glucanolytic bacteria Bacillus subtilis W3.15 against Fusarium oxysporum and its enzyme characterization

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rury Eryna Putri ◽  
Nisa Rachmania Mubarik ◽  
Laksmi Ambarsari ◽  
Aris Tri Wahyudi
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Ammonium Sulfate ◽  
Enzyme Characterization ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungus ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Cell Wall Degrading Enzymes ◽  
Selection Medium

Abstract. Putri RE, Mubarik NR, Ambarsari L, Wahyudi AT. 2021. Antagonistic activity of glucanolytic bacteria Bacillus subtilis W3.15 against Fusarium oxysporum and its enzyme characterization. Biodiversitas 22: 4067-4077. Biocontrol of Fusarium oxysporum, a phytopathogenic fungus that causes plant wilt can be approached with cell-wall degrading enzymes such as ?-glucanase. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prospective ability in glucanase production from several soil bacterial isolates and to characterize its ?-glucanase activity of ammonium sulfate precipitation, and to determine its antifungal activity against F. oxysporum in vitro. Twenty bacterial isolates were screened qualitatively and quantitatively as ?-glucanase producers. The results showed that the prospective isolate W3.15 can produce ?-glucanase on glucan agar as the selection medium. From 16S rRNA sequences identification, the isolate belongs to the genus Bacillus, closely related to Bacillus subtilis. The enzyme activity of the ammonium sulfate fraction of isolate W3.15 is optimum at a pH of 7 and temperature range of 60-80oC. B. subtilis W3.15 exhibits high inhibition against the mycelial growth of F. oxysporum and significantly reduced fungal biomass.

scholarly journals Antagonistic Activity and Characterization of Indigenous Soil Isolates of Bacteria and Fungi Against Onion Wilt Incited by Fusarium sp

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hilda Karim ◽  
Andi Asmawati ◽  
Oslan Jumadi
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Evolutionary Relationship ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Gene Markers ◽  
Culture Techniques ◽  
Fungal Isolates ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi

Abstract Tuber rot disease due to phytopathogen Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae (Foc) infection is one of the main factors causing the decreasing amount of global shallot production. This study aims to find bacteria and fungi candidates which have Foc antagonistic activity through in vitro tests using dual culture techniques. A total of five bacterial isolates and three fungal isolates isolated from the rhizosphere of healthy onion plants showed the ability to inhibit Foc growth. B1 and B4 bacterial isolates had an average inhibitory capability of 65.93% and 72.27% respectively. Whereas C1 and C2 fungal isolates have the ability to inhibit the growth of Foc by as much as 74.82% and 67.76% respectively. The four tested microbial isolates were able to significantly inhibit Foc activity in vitro based on the ANOVA test, with values α = 0.05, and n = 3. Molecular analysis based on 16S-rRNA markers showed bacterial isolates B1 and B4 have an evolutionary relationship with B. subtilis. Whereas fungi C1 and C2 have evolutionary relationships with Aspergillus tubingensis and Trichoderma asperellum respectively, based on internal transcribed spacer (ITS) gene markers. The results of this study can be used to develop indigenous microbial consortiums as biological control agents for phytopathogenic fungi Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae (Foc) on shallots.

scholarly journals ANTAGONISTIC POTENTIAL OF SALT TOLERANT BACTERIA AND OPTIMIZATION OF THEIR CULTURE CONDITIONS FOR ENHANCEMENT OF THE ACTIVITY

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (no 1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pooja Verma ◽  
Priyanka Chandra ◽  
Kailash Prajapat ◽  
Awtar Singh ◽  
Parul Sundha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Bacillus Amyloliquefaciens ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Inoculum Size ◽  
Agitation Rate ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Fusarium Sp ◽  
Antagonistic Potential

The antagonistic potential of bacteria is being applied to biocontrol the infectious diseases caused by pathogenic fungi in plants that are one of the major threats to the growth and productivity of crop plants. In the present study, bacterial strains were isolated from soil samples collected from the rhizosphere of Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) and Wheat (Triticum aestivum). Microscopic analysis revealed that all three bacterial isolates were Gram-positive, rod-shaped and spore-forming. The isolates Bacillus subtilis BP171 and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens BP124 demonstrated salt tolerance up to 12% while Bacillus subtilis BP67 tolerated up to 10% of NaCl. All the three strains were screened against seven test pathogenic fungi like Bipolaris sorokiniana, Fusarium oxysporum, Aspergillus sp., Penicillium sp., Rhizoctonia solani, Aspergillus niger, and Fusarium sp. for their antagonistic activity. BP124 was found to be the most potent in comparison to BP67 and BP171. Bacillus amyloliquefaciens BP124 demonstrated significantly highest (p<.0001) inhibition percentage against Fusarium sp., (61%) and Fusarium oxysporum (60%). The optimization of various parameters like pH, temperature, inoculum size, agitation, carbon sources, and nitrogen sources was carried out to enhance the antagonistic potential of bacterial isolates. The results revealed that the bacterial isolates were able to demonstrate significantly highest (p<.0001) antagonistic potential when inoculum size required for the growth was 1ml, agitation rate at 150 rpm, while the medium of pH at 7.0 and 30o C incubation temperature. Starch as carbon source and peptone as nitrogen source supported significantly highest (p<.0001) antagonistic activity against all the fungal pathogens for all the bacterial isolates. Therefore, the study showed that appropriate and optimum fermentation conditions can be of great importance in enhancing the antagonistic potential of bacterial isolates.

scholarly journals Immobilized Bacillus subtilis by ionic gelation as biocontrol alternative of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Castañeda Alvarez Estefania ◽  
Sánchez Leal Ligia
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Sodium Alginate ◽  
Ionic Gelation ◽  
Cellular Viability ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Control Activity ◽  
Pests And Diseases

For farmers the use of agrochemicals is the preferred method to control pests and diseases. Considering the market demand for biological control products, the encapsulation could be a competent alternative to current commercial formulations for cellular viability and controlled release. The purpose of this study was to use ionic gelation with sodium alginate, starch and maltodextrin to immobilize Bacillus subtilis and to evaluate the biocontrol effect against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici in vitro. The matrix with a concentration of 2% sodium alginate, 1% starch, and 1% maltodextrin is a suitable method for cellular viability and biological control activity against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici, with a reduction of mycelial growth of 49.6% and a survival rate for Bacillus subtilis of 98.05% (p less than 0.0001).The use of immobilized bacteria as biological control agents are sustainable and effective bio-inputs that could be used at industrial scale and benefit the tomato crops against attack by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici.

scholarly journals Recovery of Fusarium oxysporum Fo47 Mutants Affected in Their Biocontrol Activity After Transposition of the Fot1 Element

2002 ◽  
Vol 92 (9) ◽  
pp. 936-945 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Trouvelot ◽  
Chantal Olivain ◽  
Ghislaine Recorbet ◽  
Quirico Migheli ◽  
Claude Alabouvette
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Insertional Mutagenesis ◽  
Wild Type Strain ◽  
Growth Habit ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Phenotypic Characterization ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Biocontrol Activity

To investigate the biocontrol mechanisms by which the antagonistic Fusarium oxysporum strain Fo47 is active against Fusarium wilt, a Fot1 transposon-mediated insertional mutagenesis approach was adopted to generate mutants affected in their antagonistic activity. Ninety strains in which an active Fot1 copy had transposed were identified with a phenotypic assay for excision and tested for their biocontrol activity against F. oxysporum f. sp. lini on flax in greenhouse experiments. Sixteen strains were affected in their capacity to protect flax plants, either positively (more antagonistic than Fo47) or negatively (less antagonistic). The molecular characterization of these mutants confirms the excision of Fot1 and its reinsertion in most of the cases. Moreover, we demonstrate that other transposable elements such as Fot2, impala, and Hop have no transposition activity in the mutant genomes. The phenotypic characterization of these mutants shows that they are affected neither in their in vitro growth habit nor in their competitiveness in soil compared with wild-type strain Fo47. These results show that mutants are not impaired in their saprophytic phase and suggest that the altered biocontrol phenotype should likely be expressed during the interaction with the host plant.

Characterization of an antifungal soil bacterium and its antagonistic activities againstFusariumspecies

2003 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 253-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiu-Kwok Chan ◽  
Wayne A McCormick ◽  
Keith A Seifert
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Culture Filtrate ◽  
Fusarium Species ◽  
Hyphal Growth ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Ear Rot ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Head Blight

Bacteria were isolated from a cultivated soil and screened for antagonistic activity against Fusarium graminearum, a predominant agent of ear rot and head blight in cereal crops. Based on its in vitro effectiveness, isolate D1/2 was selected for characterization and identified as a strain of Bacillus subtilis by phenotypic tests and comparative analysis of its 16S ribosomal RNA gene (rDNA) sequence. It inhibited the mycelial growth of a collection of common fungal phytopathogens, including eight Fusarium species, three other ascomycetes, and one basidiomycete. The cell-free culture filtrate of D1/2 at different dilutions was active against macroconidium germination and hyphal growth of F. graminearum, depending on the initial macroconidium density. It induced the formation of swollen hyphal cells in liquid cultures of this fungus grown from macroconidia. A bioassay also demonstrated that D1/2 offered in planta protection against the damping-off disease in alfalfa seedlings caused by F. graminearum, while the type strain of B. subtilis was ineffective. Hence, B. subtilis D1/2 or its culture filtrate has potential application in controlling plant diseases caused by Fusarium.Key words: antifungal activity, Bacillus subtilis, biological control, biopesticide, Fusarium species.

scholarly journals KARAKTERISASI BAKTERI DARI PERAKARAN Nepenthes mirabilis UNTUK PENGENDALIAN HAYATI Fusarium oxysporum

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
NFN Mardhiana ◽  
Muh. Adiwena ◽  
Ankardiansyah Pandu Pradana
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Physiological Activity ◽  
Physiological Characteristic ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Antagonistic Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Chitinolytic Enzyme ◽  
Physiological Tests

<em>Phytopathogenic fungi </em>Fusarium oxysporum<em> causes significant yield losses in various spices plants. The fungus can be controlled with numerous types of antagonistic bacteria. Th</em><em>is study aimed to determine the physiological characteristic and antagonistic properties of the bacterial from the roots of </em>Nepenthes mirabilis<em>, as a biological control </em><em>to </em>F. oxysforum<em>. The study was conducted at the Plant Protection Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, the University of Borneo, Tarakan</em><em>, from October to November 2017. Nutrient Agar medium was used to isolate antagonistic bacteria from the roots of </em>N. mirabilis<em>. Biosafety test against plants and mammals were conducted using hypersensitive and hemolysis </em><em>analysis. The bacterial isolates passed from those tests were characterized further for their phenotype and physiological properties as well as their ability to inhibit the growth of </em>F. oxysporum<em> in a dual culture test  in  vitro.  The  results  showed  that  there  were  10  out  of</em><em>26 bacterial isolates originated from </em>N. mirabilis<em> roots that were safe for plants and mammals. </em><em>Physiological tests showed  that four  isolates  could produce the proteolytic enzyme, five isolates produced the chitinolytic enzyme, six isolates were able to dissolve phosphate, and four isolates could produce HCN. Furthermore, three isolates (Mrb2, Mrb6, and Mrb16) showed inhibitory activity against </em>Fusarium<em> spp. There were differences in the phenotype character and physiological activity between the Mrb2, Mrb6, and Mrb16 isolates, but all three have the potential to inhibit </em>F. oxysporum<em>.</em>

scholarly journals KEMAMPUAN EKSTRAK SENYAWA AKTIF BAKTERI ENDOFIT DALAM MENGHAMBAT PERTUMBUHAN Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. PADA KELAPA SAWIT

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 214
Author(s):  
Emilia Candrawati ◽  
Bedah Rupaedah ◽  
Sumpono Sumpono ◽  
Agus Sundaryono
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Active Compound ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
Activity Test

Ability of Active Compound Extract of Endophytic Bacteria to Inhibit the Growth of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. in Oil Palm ABSTRACTWilt vessels disease in oil palm plants is caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. This disease is very harmful because of its ability to kill the infected oil palm plant in less than a year. Endophytic bacteria are likely to be biological controllers for the disease because of their ability to produce bioactive antifungal compounds. Isolation of endophytic bacteria from oil palm plant and activity test of their active compounds against F. oxysporum f.sp. in vitro had been done. Antagonistic test of endophytic bacterial isolates against F. oxysporum f.sp. was carried out using a double culture method. The potential endophytic bacterial isolates were extracted using ethyl acetate solvent for their active compounds, which were then tested for its activity in inhibiting the growth of F. oxysporum f.sp. The results showed that the active compound extract of B11 endophytic bacteria with the incubation time of 24 and 54 hours gave the growth inhibition of F. oxysporum f.sp. at the level of 29.23% and 43.85%, respectively.Keywords: antagonistic test, bioactive compound, endophytic bacteria, F. oxysporum f.sp., oil palm ABSTRAKPenyakit layu pembuluh pada tanaman kelapa sawit disebabkan oleh Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. Penyakit ini menjadi penyebab kematian tanaman kelapa sawit yang telah terinfeksi dalam waktu kurang dari setahun. Bakteri endofit asal tanaman kelapa sawit dimungkinkan menjadi pengendali hayati bagi penyakit ini karena kemampuan bakteri tersebut memproduksi senyawa bioaktif yang bersifat antifungi. Isolasi bakteri endofit dari tanaman kelapa sawit dan uji aktivitas senyawa aktifnya terhadap F. oxysporum f.sp. secara in vitro telah dilakukan. Uji antagonis isolat bakteri endofit terhadap jamur patogen F. oxysporum f.sp. menggunakan metode kultur ganda. Isolat bakteri endofit potensial diekstrak senyawa aktifnya dengan menggunakan pelarut etil asetat, kemudian senyawa aktif ini diuji aktivitasnya dalam menghambat pertumbuhan jamur patogen F. oxysporum f.sp. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak senyawa aktif bakteri endofit B11 dengan waktu inkubasi 24 dan 54 jam memberikan daya hambat terhadap F. oxysporum f.sp. sebesar masing-masing 29,23% dan 43,85%.Kata Kunci: bakteri endofit, F. oxysporum f.sp., kelapa sawit, senyawa aktif, uji antagonis 

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