scholarly journals Seed germination evaluation of Phalaenopsis amabilis in various media for long-term conservation

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
DWI MURTI PUSPITANINGTYAS ◽  
ELIZABETH HANDINI
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Seed Storage ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Presidential Decree ◽  
Orchid Seed ◽  
Leaf Fertilizer

Abstract. Puspitaningtyas DM, Handini E. 2021. Seed germination evaluation of Phalaenopsis amabilis in various media for long-term conservation. Biodiversitas 22: 5231-5238. Phalaenopsis amabilis (L.) Blume (moon orchid) is one of Indonesia's national flowers, which is mentioned in Presidential Decree No. 4/1993. Study on the orchid seed of P. amabilis was conducted to observe the longevity of seeds storage. The purpose of this study was to determine the viability of P. amabilis seeds after storage for years, then to predict the life span of the seeds, and to find out the best media germination for P. amabilis seeds. After harvesting, P. amabilis seeds were stored at –20 °C and the germination tests were carried out periodically in different periods until the seeds lose their viability to determine the optimum conditions for long-term seed storage. Four trial media cultures have been used to test seed germination by means of in vitro culture. The result showed that seeds of P. amabilis were able to germinate in 4 media i.e. Knudson C, modified Knudson C, modified Vacin & Went and modified leaf fertilizer. The best germination was on leaf fertilizer medium. Based on the research showed that the viability seeds of P. amabilis decreased sharply after 6 years stored. By using regression analysis, the life span of the seeds could be predicted can reach 9 years of storage which is sowing on the best media (leaf fertilizer).

scholarly journals (273) Orchid Seed Storage for Germplasm Preservation

HortScience ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 1028C-1028
Author(s):  
Alice Mweetwa ◽  
David Tay ◽  
Gregory Welbaum
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Nitrogen ◽  
Seed Storage ◽  
Ornamental Plant ◽  
The Other ◽  
Nitrogen Storage ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Germplasm Preservation ◽  
Orchid Seed ◽  
Human Predation

Orchids are important ornamental, food, and medicinal plants. Orchid germplasm preservation is important because some species are endangered due to loss of habitat and human predation. Very few of the world's genebanks are involved in orchid preservation. Orchid germplasm preservation is a priority for the USDA Ornamental Plant Germplasm Center in Columbus, Ohio. Brassia and Phalaenopsis seeds were harvested at different stages of development and stored at –196 °C (liquid nitrogen), –80, –18, 4, and 25 °C for 6, 12, 18, and 24 months to determine the optimum conditions for long-term seed storage. Phalaenopsis and Brassia seeds adjusted to 45.5% RH over chromium dichromate were able to survive 10-d storage. Seeds frozen in liquid nitrogen for 30 min were able to germinate and produce protocorms 19 d after sowing, just a day longer than control seeds. Liquid nitrogen storage also improved germination of some Phalaenopsis seed lots from 0 (control) to 38%. Storing Phalaenopsis seeds at –80 and 4 °C also improved germination similarly, suggesting dormancy was broken by low-temperature seed treatments. On the other hand, seeds stored at 25 °C did not germinate. Preliminary results suggest that orchid seeds tolerate freezing even in liquid nitrogen and that cryopreservation may be a viable long-term strategy for orchid germplasm preservation.

A classroom exercise in hand pollination and in vitro asymbiotic orchid seed germination

2008 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip J. Kauth ◽  
Timothy R. Johnson ◽  
Scott L. Stewart ◽  
Michael E. Kane
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Hand Pollination ◽  
Classroom Exercise ◽  
Orchid Seed ◽  
Orchid Seed Germination

scholarly journals Temperature Requirements for the Storage and Germination of Delphinium × cultorum Seed

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (9) ◽  
pp. 989-992 ◽  
Author(s):  
William J. Carpenter ◽  
Joseph F. Boucher
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seed Storage ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Subzero Temperatures ◽  
Temperature Requirements ◽  
Cultivar Responses ◽  
Term Storage ◽  
Storage Temperatures

Delphinium seed germination was about equal in light or darkness. Seed total germination percentages were highest and about equal at constant 15 or 20C and alternating (12 h) 10/20C, 15/25C, or 20/30C. The most rapid and uniform germination generally occurred at constant 20C. Storing seeds dry at 2C for 3 weeks before germination reduced the days to 50% of final germination (T50) and between 10% and 90% germination (T90 - T10) but did not increase total germination. The seeds had only limited desiccation tolerance, with `Magic Fountains Lavender' having declining germination percentages at moisture contents below 7.0% and `Magic Fountains Lilac' below 6.7%. Seeds tolerated storage at low, nonfreezing or subzero temperatures, but cultivar responses differed. `Magic Fountains Lavendar' had progressively lower germination percentages as storage temperatures declined from 5 to –20C, while `Magic Fountains Lilac' germination increased. The relative humidity (RH) and temperature that delphinium seed received during long-term storage influenced germination. Germination after seed storage at 5C was higher, earlier, and more uniform than after 15 or 25C storage. The highest total germination percentages occurred following seed storage at 5C and 30% to 50% RH, the shortest T50 from 35% to 55% RH, and shortest spans (T90 - T10) from 25% to 50% RH.

scholarly journals Asymbiotic seed germination and multiplication of an endangered orchid – Paphiopedilum venustum (Wall. ex Sims.)

2016 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saranjeet Kaur ◽  
Kamlesh Kumar Bhutani
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Shoot Multiplication ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Terrestrial Orchid ◽  
Asymbiotic Seed Germination ◽  
Orchid Seed ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Potato Powder ◽  
Survival Frequency

The present study was intended to facilitate ex situ conservation of <em>Paphiopedilum venustum</em>, a highly floriferous endangered terrestrial orchid species. A protocol was established for in vitro propagation and shoot multiplication. The cultures were initiated through asymbiotic seed germination technique, using undehisced and dehisced capsules. Four defined asymbiotic orchid seed germination media (terrestrial orchid medium, modified terrestrial orchid medium, Malmgren modified terrestrial orchid medium, Knudson C medium) were evaluated for their effectiveness in achieving maximum seed germination and early seedling development. The effect of darkness and 12-h photoperiod was also tested. Optimum seed germination, i.e., 82.7% was achieved on modified terrestrial orchid medium under a 12-h photoperiod using seeds from undehisced capsules. Shoot multiplication was accomplished using organic [peptone (1.0, 2.0 g L<sup>−1</sup>)] and inorganic [banana homogenate (10, 20, 30 g L<sup>−1</sup>) and potato powder (5.0, 10 g L<sup>−1</sup>)] growth supplements. Peptone at 1.0 g L<sup>−1</sup> was the most effective in multiplying the shoots. Plantlets were acclimatized in the greenhouse with 80% survival frequency.

scholarly journals Low-specific Symbiotic Germination of Dendrobium Huoshanense in Vitro, an Endangered Epiphytic Orchid Endemic From South China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan-Jing Tang ◽  
Jun Dai ◽  
Yang Li ◽  
Dong-Yu Zhou ◽  
Yong-Mei Xing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Blue Staining ◽  
Fungal Strains ◽  
Epiphytic Orchid ◽  
Symbiotic Germination ◽  
Orchid Seed ◽  
Dendrobium Huoshanense ◽  
Initial Seed

Abstract Background: Dendrobium huoshanense is an endangered epiphytic orchid and is endemic to Anhui province of China with a narrow distribution. In nature, orchid seed germination depends on specific mycorrhizal fungi and it is generally assumed that there is a high specific symbiotic germination in narrow distribution orchid. To evaluate the mycorrhizal compatibility and germination-promoting activity of mycorrhizal fungi of D. huoshanense in vitro, we isolated and identified cultured mycorrhizal fungi from the roots of D. huoshanense and D. officinale. A total of 20 mycorrhizal fungal strains (D. huoshanense (n = 6), D. officinale (n = 12), D. nobile (n = 1), D. moniliforme (n = 1)) were used to test the germination-promoting activity of D. huoshanense. Results: In symbiotic germination tests, the mycorrhizal fungi displayed different efficiency in stimulating D. huoshanense seed germination, nine strains stimulated seed development to an advanced seedling stage, while the rest promoted only initial seed germination to stage 2 or stage 3, and the most effective in promoting rapid seed germination was strain 12825(seb) isolated from D. moniliforme, besides, the second most effective fungus was strain WX-7(seb) isolated from D. officinale, both of them belong to Sebacina isolated from non-D. huoshanense. In this study, all twenty fungal strains formed pelotons inside seeds of D. huoshanense based on the trypan blue staining results. Conclusions: Despite its narrow specific habitat preference, D. huoshanense was found to be a mycorrhizal generalist during symbiotic seed germination in vitro. The study is the first to demonstrate the different abilities of orchid mycorrhizal fungi to promote seed germination, protocorm formation and seedling development of D. huoshanense in vitro, providing important microbiological resources for its conservation and reintroduction in nature.

scholarly journals Effects of fungicides and bactericides on orchid seed germination and shoot tip cultures in vitro

1981 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. Brown ◽  
C. L. Groom ◽  
M. Cvitanik ◽  
M. Brown ◽  
J. L. Cooper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Shoot Tip ◽  
Orchid Seed ◽  
Orchid Seed Germination

scholarly journals Tolerance to Desiccation and Cryopreservation of Seeds of Seven South American Ilex Species

HortScience ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (6) ◽  
pp. 882-886
Author(s):  
Natalia R. Dolce ◽  
Ricardo D. Medina ◽  
María T. González-Arnao
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Desiccation Tolerance ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Ilex Paraguariensis ◽  
South American ◽  
In Vitro Germination ◽  
Long Term Preservation

This research aimed at evaluating the desiccation tolerance and ability to withstand cryostorage of intact seeds of seven South American Ilex species, and comparing different methodologies for in vitro germination of fresh and cryostored seeds. Intact seeds were silica gel–desiccated from 2 to 14 hours, placed in cryovials, and immersed in liquid nitrogen (LN). Survival was assessed through in vitro germination of intact seeds, bisected seeds, or isolated embryos. Seeds of the seven Ilex species (Ilex brasiliensis (Sprengel) Loes., Ilex brevicuspis R., Ilex dumosa var. dumosa R., Ilex integerrima (Vell. Conc.) R., Ilex paraguariensis A. St. Hil., Ilex pseudoboxus R., and Ilex theezans R.) tolerated desiccation to ≈6% moisture content (MC) and could be successfully cryopreserved when MC decreased between 6.4% and 8.4% depending on the species, before immersion in LN. In addition, it was established as the optimal condition for in vitro seed germination of the seven Ilex species. A simple and cost-effective cryogenic procedure (which did not require the use of cryoprotectants or sophisticated facilities) was defined for seeds of seven Ilex species, which provides a new alternative for safe long-term preservation of Ilex germplasm.

scholarly journals Methods for Pigeon Pea Seed Storage in Puerto Rico

1969 ◽  
pp. 423-427
Author(s):  
M. A. Ellis ◽  
E. J. Ravalo ◽  
R. S. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Cold Storage ◽  
Seed Storage ◽  
Pigeon Pea ◽  
Percentage Germination ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Plastic Bags ◽  
Pea Seeds ◽  
Pea Seed

Pigeon pea seeds were adjusted to 9, 13, and 17% moisture, then placed in cloth bags or air tight plastic bags. Seeds at each of the above mentioned moisture levels and container types were stored both under ambient conditions at Mayagüez and in cold storage (13° C) at Lajas. After 12-month storage, all treatments in cold storage ranged in percentage seed germination in vitro, emergence in sand, and emergence in the field from 90-92%, 88-92% and 70-72%, respectively. All treatments stored in cloth bags under ambient conditions for 12 months had a percentage seed germination in vitro, emergence in sand, and emergence in the field ranging from 36-37%, 32-24% and 16-17%, respectively. There were no significant differences in percentage germination in vitro or in sand or field emergence between seeds stored under ambient conditions at 9 and 13% moisture in plastic bags and seeds stored in cold storage. All seeds stored at 17% moisture in plastic bags were dead after 10 months storage under ambient conditions.

scholarly journals Seed Cryopreservation and Germination of Rhus glabra and the Critically Endangered Species Rhus michauxii

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2277
Author(s):  
Gerald S. Pullman ◽  
Kylie Bucalo ◽  
Ron O. Determann ◽  
Jennifer M. Cruse-Sanders
Keyword(s):  
Southeastern United States ◽  
Seed Storage ◽  
Critically Endangered Species ◽  
Asexual Multiplication ◽  
Habitat Conversion ◽  
Concentrated Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Cryogenic Conditions ◽  
Seed Cryopreservation

Rhus michauxii is a perennial rhizomatous shrub native to the southeastern United States that is found mainly in sunny, dry, open rocky or sandy woodlands. Moreover, it is found on ridges or river bluffs in the inner coastal plane and lower piedmont of Virginia, Georgia, and the Carolinas. Habitat conversion to agriculture, suppression of fires, and low reproduction have caused R. michauxii to become rare and it is now federally listed as threatened. Methods are needed to multiply and conserve R. michauxii. Protocols were developed for seed cryopreservation, in vitro germination, and micropropagation for R. glabra and R. michauxii. Seed scarification in concentrated sulfuric acid for 6 h and germination on ½ MS medium resulted in germination up to 96% for control and cryopreserved seeds of R. glabra and 70 and 40% for control and cryopreserved seeds of R. michauxii. Shortly after germination in vitro, young seedlings were established in a greenhouse potting mix providing new plants from the endemic Georgia R. michauxii populations. Several of the findings meet goals within the R. michauxii recovery plan by providing methods for sexual and asexual multiplication and long-term seed storage under cryogenic conditions. The protocols developed will assist in the safeguarding and conservation of dwindling natural R. michauxii populations.

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