scholarly journals The diagnosis and management of femoro-acetabular impingement

2010 ◽  
Vol 92 (5) ◽  
pp. 363-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J Macfarlane ◽  
Fares S Haddad
Keyword(s):  
Early Treatment ◽  
Functional Results ◽  
Arthroscopic Treatment ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Osteoarthritis Of The Hip ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Diagnostic Features ◽  
Diagnosis And Management ◽  
Labral Tears ◽  
Pubmed Database

INTRODUCTION Femoro-acetabular impingement (FAI) was first described in 1999 as abnormal abutment between the acetab-ulum and the femoral head and neck. Since then, it has been shown to be responsible for many acetabular labral tears and is implicated in the aetiology of osteoarthritis of the hip. This review introduces the concept of FAI and reports the key aspects of its diagnosis and management. MATERIALS AND METHODS A comprehensive search of the literature was conducted using the Pubmed database. Articles relating to the aetiology, pathophysiology, clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of FAI were reviewed. Search terms included femoro-acetabular impingement, arthroscopic treatment, open treatment, aetiology, pathophysiology. The search was limited to articles published in English. All articles were read in full by the authors and selected for inclusion based on relevance to the article. RESULTS An increasing number of studies relating to FAI have been produced in the 10 years since its recognition. A range of clinical and radiological features have been described. Surgical management can be performed using a number of techniques, with promising results from various studies. Early treatment with open surgery has paved the way for less invasive and arthroscopic approaches, with short-to-medium term data demonstrating favourable functional results for arthroscopic treatment of FAI. CONCLUSIONS A greater awareness of the diagnostic features of FAI, and the various management options available, will allow timely diagnosis and treatment of a relatively newly recognised syndrome. Early treatment may then help to prevent progression to end-stage osteoarthritis of the hip.

Diagnosis and Management of Hemispheric Infarction

2019 ◽  
pp. 543-546
Author(s):  
Sanjeet S. Grewal ◽  
Benjamin L. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Acute Stroke ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Diagnosis And Management ◽  
Risks And Benefits ◽  
Timely Diagnosis ◽  
Hemispheric Infarction ◽  
Meaningful Communication

Hemispheric infarction is a major cause of morbidity and death among patients with acute stroke. These patients must receive a timely diagnosis and treatment for the best outcomes. Treatment is often multimodal and requires close and meaningful communication with the patient and family about management options and the risks and benefits of each.

scholarly journals Current Management Options in Irvine–Gass Syndrome: A Systemized Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (19) ◽  
pp. 4375
Author(s):  
Michał Orski ◽  
Maciej Gawęcki
Keyword(s):  
Macular Edema ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Functional Results ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
Invasive Treatment ◽  
Management Options ◽  
First Line Therapy ◽  
Pubmed Database

Irvine–Gass syndrome (IGS) remains one of the most common complications following uneventful cataract surgery. In most cases, macular edema (ME) in IGS is benign, self-limiting, and resolves spontaneously without visual impairment; however, persistent edema and refractory cases may occur and potentially deteriorate visual function. Despite the relatively high prevalence of IGS, no solid management guidelines exist. We searched the PUBMED database for randomized clinical trials (RCT) or case series of at least 10 cases published since 2000 evaluating different treatment strategies in patients with cystoid macular edema (CME). The search revealed 28 papers that fulfilled the inclusion criteria with only seven RCTs. The scarceness of material makes it impossible to formulate strong recommendations for the treatment of IGS. Clinical practice and theoretical background support topical non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) as the first-line therapy. Invasive procedures, such as periocular steroids, intravitreal corticosteroids, and anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF), are usually applied in prolonged or refractory cases. Results of novel applications of subthreshold micropulse laser (SML) are also promising and should be studied carefully in terms of the safety profile and cost effectiveness. Early initiation of invasive treatment for providing better functional results must be examined in further research.

scholarly journals Joint Practice Parameters on the Management of Allergic Rhinitis

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Site Administrator ◽  
Ruzanne M. Caro ◽  
Marysia T. Recto ◽  
Josefino G. Hernandez ◽  
Madeleine W. Sumpaico ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Medicine ◽  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Working Group ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Diagnosis And Management ◽  
Allergy And Immunology ◽  
Practice Parameters ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
General Physicians

Introduction Allergic rhinitis is a common disease entity that may be easily misdiagnosed and mistreated. It is a global concern, affecting 10% to 25% of the population worldwide, that has to be controlled since it can be disabling affecting the quality of life of patients. The Philippine Society of OtolaryngologyHead and Neck Surgery is currently updating its 2006 guideline on Allergic Rhinitis. The Section of Rhinology, Department of Otorhinolaryngology together with the Section of Allergy and Immunology, Departments of Pediatrics and Internal Medicine, came up with practice parameters in the diagnosis and management of adult and pediatric patients suspected to have allergic rhinitis to guide clinicians in managing these patients. Locally, it is the first collaboration of otorhinolaryngologists and allergists. Scope of the Guideline This practice parameter was developed to guide general physicians, otorhinolaryngologists and allergists in the diagnosis and management of adult and pediatric patients with allergic rhinitis in an ambulatory care setting. Objectives This guideline aims to (1) assist general physicians, otorhinolaryngologists and allergists diagnose true allergic rhinitis; (2) evaluate current techniques and practices in diagnosing allergic rhinitis; and (3) describe treatment and management options for allergic rhinitis. Development process The Section of Rhinology of the Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Section of Allergy and Immunology of the Departments of Pediatrics and Internal Medicine of the UP-Philippine General Hospital convened a working group to create a consensus document to be used primarily for the Allergic Rhinitis Clinic, a joint clinic of the aforementioned sections in the Out-Patient Department of the UP-PGH, and to serve as a guide to general physicians, otorhinolaryngologists and allergists. The working group agreed to come up with an algorithm for the diagnosis and management of a patient with allergic rhinitis. Clinical questions were subsequently formulated based on the algorithm. The members then searched for relevant literature (including clinical practice guidelines, systematic reviews) in the National Library of Medicine’s PubMed database, Herdin database and unpublished local articles on allergic rhinitis. Appraisal of literature was done by an epidemiologist and evidence was presented and discussed within the working group. Applicability and availability of the diagnostic tests and therapeutic interventions were considered. All materials were assessed for relevance and further classified according to levels of evidence and grades of evidence based on guidelines. Recommendations were based on nominal approval of the working group. The document was then presented to stakeholders--consultants and residents of four clinical departments (Family Medicine, Internal Medicine, Otorhinolaryngology, Pediatrics), medical interns, medical students, nurses and patients. The opinions of the stakeholders were considered in the final draft.

scholarly journals Role of interferon gamma release assay in the diagnosis and management of Mycobacterium tuberculosis-associated uveitis: a review

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. e000663
Author(s):  
Samra Rahman ◽  
Muhammad Irfan ◽  
M A Rehman Siddiqui
Keyword(s):  
Interferon Gamma ◽  
Interferon Gamma Release Assay ◽  
Limited Evidence ◽  
Ocular Tuberculosis ◽  
Diagnosis And Management ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
Interferon Gamma Release Assays ◽  
Infectious Uveitis ◽  
Release Assay

Tuberculosis (TB)-associated uveitis is a common cause of infectious uveitis in the developing world. Diagnosis of TB uveitis remains a challenge. The role of interferon gamma release assays (IGRAs) is uncertain. Herein we summarise the available literature on the utility of IGRAs in the diagnosis and management of TB uveitis. We searched PubMed database from 1 August 2010 to 31 July 2020 using the following keywords alone and in combination: ‘interferon-gamma release assay’, ‘QuantiFERON’, ‘T-SPOT.TB’, ‘TB uveitis’, ‘serpiginous like choroiditis’, ‘tuberculoma’, ‘TB vasculitis’, ‘TB panuveitis’ and ‘ocular tuberculosis’. Data from 58 relevant studies were collated. The review is focused on currently marketed versions of IGRA tests: QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube assay, QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus assay (QFT-Plus) and T-SPOT.TB. We found limited evidence regarding the diagnostic utility of IGRA in patients with uveitis. No study was identified evaluating the newer QFT test—the QFT-Plus—in patients with uveitis. Similarly, there is lack of data directly comparing QFT-Plus with T-SPOT.TB specifically for the diagnosis of TB uveitis.

Orthodontic management of impacted mandibular second molars: A case series

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 98-104
Author(s):  
Andrea Cunningham ◽  
Dipali Patel ◽  
Zahra Sheriteh
Keyword(s):  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Clinical Relevance ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Individual Basis ◽  
Diagnosis And Management

This case series describes a number of different treatment modalities used in the management of impacted mandibular second molars (MM2s). A variety of cases is used to illustrate a number of ways in which these teeth can be managed, and to demonstrate that each case should be managed on an individual basis, taking into account the overall malocclusion. The importance of early diagnosis and management is highlighted throughout. CPD/Clinical Relevance: This case series highlights the difficulties and challenges in managing patients who present with impacted lower second molars (MM2s), and the importance of early diagnosis and treatment.

scholarly journals Thoracic Kidney: Extremely Rare State of Aberrant Kidney

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahdi Khoshchehreh ◽  
Omalbanin Paknejad ◽  
Mehrdad Bakhshayesh-Karam ◽  
Marzieh Pazoki
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Medical Literature ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Rare Form ◽  
Renal Ectopia ◽  
Diagnosis And Management

The thorax is the rarest place among all forms of renal ectopia. We report a rare case of an unacquired thoracic kidney. Only about 200 cases of the thoracic kidney have ever been reported in medical literature worldwide. In this paper we present the rarest form of nontraumatic nonhernia associated, truly ectopic thoracic kidney. The differential diagnosis and management options and classification of this rare form of aberrant kidney are discussed.

scholarly journals Chondrosarcoma third metacarpal: Diagnosis and management options

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 719
Author(s):  
Seema Sharma ◽  
Vipin Sharma ◽  
Lucky Verma ◽  
Bal Chander
Keyword(s):  
Management Options ◽  
Diagnosis And Management

A Limitation in the Use of Office Records for Health Care Evaluation

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-296
Author(s):  
Thomas Long ◽  
K. D. Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Patient Care ◽  
Sore Throat ◽  
Specific Problem ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Diagnosis And Management ◽  
Physician Office ◽  
Health Care Evaluation ◽  
Ambulatory Health Care ◽  
Care Evaluation

A potential limitation of physician office records for ambulatory health care evaluation is their completeness. Criteria used to evaluate care of a specific problem not only should be of major importance in its diagnosis and treatment but should also be likely to be recorded in the physician's records. It is possible that a physician may not record certain kinds of observations and actions even though he performs them. Further, whether or not the physician enters information in his record may not be related to his opinion about its importance for patient care. The specific questions asked in this study were whether practices deemed desirable by practitioners for diagnosis and management of sore throat of possible streptococcal origin were actually performed and, if so, whether the performance was recorded.

Abstract NS6: Born to Run: Advanced Practice Provider-Led Mobile Stroke Unit Care Measures Up to Vascular Neurologists’ Diagnosis and Management

Stroke ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne W Alexandrov ◽  
Wendy Dusenbury ◽  
Victoria Swatzell ◽  
Joseph Rike ◽  
Andrew Bouche ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Diagnosis ◽  
Treatment Decisions ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Advanced Practice ◽  
Treatment Delivery ◽  
Stroke Treatment ◽  
Diagnosis And Management ◽  
Mobile Stroke Unit ◽  
Stroke Mimic ◽  
Treatment Safety

Background: Mobile Stroke Units (MSU) are growing in numbers throughout the U.S. and abroad, with numerous staffing configurations, telemedicine, and differing imaging capabilities. We aimed to test the diagnostic accuracy and treatment safety, alongside time to diagnosis and treatment delivery of a novel advanced practice provider (APP) led MSU team. Methods: We launched an MSU housing a hospital-grade Siemens Somatom CT with CTA capabilities, and hired APPs with advanced neurovascular practitioner board certification to lead field medical diagnosis and order/initiate treatment for encountered stroke patients. Consecutive MSU patients were evaluated for differences between APPs and Vascular Neurologists (VNs) diagnosis and management, and scene diagnosis and treatment times were collected. Results: Agreement between APP field medical diagnosis and MD hospital diagnosis was 100%; stroke mimic diagnosis agreement was 98%. Overall agreement for field interpretation of CT/CTA was 97%, with discrepancies not associated with stroke treatment decisions. MDs’ agreement with APPs’ identification/treatment of ICH was 100%, and IVtPA treatment decisions 98% (APPs more conservative). Scene arrival to medical diagnosis (including clinical exam and imaging completion/interpretation) ranged from 7-10 minutes, of which 4 minutes were CT/CTA start to finish times. Scene arrival to IVtPA bolus ranged from 16 minutes to 33 minutes and was driven primarily by need for control of excessive hypertension, with scene arrival to start of nicardipine premix infusion ranging from 10-14 minutes. Conclusions: Use of an APP-led MSU is safe and non-inferior to VN diagnosis/management, and may be faster than telemedicine guided MSU treatment.

Molecular Testing in the Diagnosis and Management of Hepatitis C Virus Infection

2002 ◽  
Vol 126 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond P. Podzorski
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
The United States ◽  
Nucleic Acid Amplification ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Molecular Testing ◽  
Nucleic Acid Amplification Tests ◽  
Diagnosis And Management ◽  
Molecular Tests

Abstract Objectives.—To review hepatitis C virus (HCV), describe the types of molecular-based tests available for the diagnosis and management of HCV infection, and discuss the appropriate utilization of these tests. Data Sources.—Current information is presented from the published literature, as well as new information where available. Study Selection.—A major cause of posttransfusion and community-acquired non-A, non-B hepatitis worldwide is HCV. Approximately 4 million people in the United States are infected with HCV, resulting in 8000 to 10 000 deaths annually. Because HCV is not readily cultured, in vitro molecular-based tests have been developed for use in the diagnosis and treatment of HCV-infected patients. Molecular tests include qualitative and quantitative nucleic acid amplification tests, branched DNA tests, and HCV genotyping assays. Qualitative HCV nucleic acid amplification tests are used routinely in association with serologic tests to help make a diagnosis of infection with HCV. Quantitative HCV testing and genotyping methods have been found to be valuable tools in the treatment of infected patients. A patient's pretreatment HCV viral load and the rate of virus decline during therapy have been shown to correlate with the likelihood of long-term response to antiviral therapy. Information pertaining to the genotype of HCV infecting patients has been shown to be helpful in making recommendations regarding treatment. Certain genotypes of HCV are much more responsive to therapy, allowing a shorter course of treatment. Conclusions.—Molecular tests are valuable tools for use in the diagnosis and treatment of patients infected with HCV.

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