Evaluation of the Performance of the Sysmex XT-2000i Hematology Analyzer With Whole Blood Specimens Stored at Room Temperature

Abstract We studied the stability of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in plasma and whole blood kept at room temperature and on ice for 1 to 24 h. At room temperature, there was a steady loss of 94% of the parent drug over 24 h in whole blood and 52% in plasma. In the presence of an excess of uracil, 5-FU was stable for 24 h, suggesting that the loss of 5-FU is the result of enzymatic degradation. 5-FU is more stable in whole blood and plasma when samples are kept cold. For blood and plasma samples maintained on ice, the loss was only 30% and 10% of the parent drug in the respective samples over 24 h. Frozen plasma samples (-20 degrees C) were stable for five weeks. Blood specimens collected for quantifying 5-FU should be immediately placed on ice, and the plasma should be separated and frozen as promptly as possible.

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Measurement of the alcohol biomarker phosphatidylethanol (PEth) in dried blood spots and venous blood—importance of inhibition of post-sampling formation from ethanol

Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry ◽

10.1007/s00216-021-03211-z ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Olof Beck ◽

Maria Mellring ◽

Christian Löwbeer ◽

Sabina Seferaj ◽

Anders Helander

Keyword(s):

Filter Paper ◽

Whole Blood ◽

Room Temperature ◽

Venous Blood ◽

Dried Blood Spots ◽

Blood Samples ◽

Ethanol Formation ◽

Alcohol Biomarker ◽

Blood Specimens ◽

Blood Spot

AbstractPhosphatidylethanol (PEth) is a group of phospholipids formed in cell membranes following alcohol consumption by action of the enzyme phospholipase D (PLD). PEth measurement in whole blood samples is established as a specific alcohol biomarker with clinical and forensic applications. However, in blood specimens containing ethanol, formation of PEth may continue after sampling leading to falsely elevated concentrations. This study evaluated the use of dried blood spot (DBS) and microsampling specimens to avoid post-sampling formation of PEth. Filter paper cards and three commercial devices for volumetric microsampling of finger-pricked blood were assessed, using PEth-negative and PEth-positive whole blood fortified with 2 g/L ethanol. PEth (16:0/18:1) was measured by LC–MS/MS. Post-sampling formation of PEth occurred in wet blood and in the volumetric devices, but not filter paper cards, when stored at room temperature for 48 h. Addition of an inhibitor of PLD, sodium metavanadate (NaVO3), eliminated post-sampling formation during storage and drying. In conclusion, the present study confirmed previous observations that PEth can be formed in blood samples after collection, if the specimen contains ethanol. The results further demonstrated that post-sampling formation of PEth from ethanol also occurred with commercial devices for volumetric dried blood microsampling. In order for a PEth result not to be questioned, it is recommended to use a PLD inhibitor, whether venous blood is collected in a vacutainer tube or finger-pricked blood is obtained using devices for dried blood microsampling. Graphical abstract

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Pre-analytical variation in alanine aminotransferase.

Clinical Chemistry ◽

10.1093/clinchem/34.4.744 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 34 (4) ◽

pp. 744-745 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

S G Ruby ◽

N E Reiber ◽

R E Lonser

Keyword(s):

Analysis Of Variance ◽

Whole Blood ◽

Alanine Aminotransferase ◽

Room Temperature ◽

Normal Activity ◽

Blood Samples ◽

Activity Concentrations ◽

Whole Blood Samples ◽

Blood Specimens ◽

Analytical Variation

Abstract To determine the effect of pre-analytical variation of alanine aminotransferase in blood specimens with normal activity concentrations of this enzyme, we stored serum and whole blood samples at 4 and 22 degrees C and assayed aliquots of each specimen at intervals up to 72 h. Analysis of variance revealed no statistically significant increase or decrease in activity of the enzyme for up to 72 h in either specimen type, whether stored at room temperature or refrigerated.

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Glyceraldehyde Preserves Glucose Concentrations in Whole Blood Specimens

Clinical Chemistry ◽

10.1093/clinchem/46.8.1144 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 46 (8) ◽

pp. 1144-1149 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Michael Landt

Keyword(s):

Whole Blood ◽

Room Temperature ◽

Clinical Laboratory ◽

Plasma Concentrations ◽

Racemic Mixture ◽

Maximal Effect ◽

Blood Specimens ◽

Related Compounds

Abstract Background: Glucose concentrations decrease in blood specimens during transport/processing, primarily because of continuing metabolism (glycolysis) by erythrocytes. Several means to reduce the loss of glucose in blood specimens have been developed, but all have major drawbacks. Glyceraldehyde, which has antiglycolytic activity, was assessed for potential in preserving glucose in blood specimens. Methods: Heparinized blood from volunteers was treated with glyceraldehyde and other agents. After incubation for various times, plasma concentrations of glucose and other common analytes were determined with prevalent commercial analyzers. Results: The racemic mixture of glyceraldehyde (d,l-GA) preserved glucose concentrations for up to 8 h at room temperature. Half-maximal effect was attained with 0.9 mmol/L d,l-GA. Trials of the d and l stereoisomers individually indicated that the l isomer (l-GA) was responsible for all or most of the antiglycolytic activity of the racemic mixture. Other related compounds were ineffective. Measurements of most common clinical laboratory analytes were unaffected by the presence of d,l-GA or l-GA. Conclusions: Glyceraldehyde (d,l-GA or l-GA) effectively preserves glucose concentrations in whole blood specimens for up to 8 h. Specimens collected with d,l-GA or l-GA are suitable for analysis of many analytes commonly comeasured with glucose.

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Plasma Thromboplastin Component (Christmas Factor, Factor IX) Levels in Stored Human Blood and Plasma

Thrombosis and Haemostasis ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1654521 ◽

1960 ◽

Vol 04 (03) ◽

pp. 376-388 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

J Dieter Geratz ◽

John B. Graham

Keyword(s):

Human Plasma ◽

Human Blood ◽

Whole Blood ◽

Room Temperature ◽

Close Agreement ◽

Factor Ix ◽

Deficient Patient ◽

Glass Tubes ◽

Disodium Hydrogen Citrate ◽

Bank Blood

Summary1. PTC activity was assayed in 26 units of human plasma prepared from whole blood stored for 3 weeks at 4° C. The plasma had been frozen and stored at — 20° C for additional periods ranging from a few days to 4 months. High PTC activity was still present in the plasma at the end of this period, the activity averaging 95% of normal.2. The PTC activity of 19 samples of “reclaimed“ plasma stored for an additional 6 months at — 20° C decreased by an average of 23%. This decrease was statistically significant.3. Liquid plasma kept at room temperature for 5½—7½ months contained no PTC activity.4. Lyophilized plasma stored at room temperature for 6—8 years contained an average of 30% PTC activity. Lyophilized plasma stored at — 20° C for 4 years contained 68% PTC activity.5. ACD and disodium hydrogen citrate anticoagulant solutions served equally well in preserving PTC activity in whole blood stored in glass tubes over a period of 3 weeks at 4° C.6. “Reclaimed“ plasma from outdated bank blood provided effective hemostasis in two operations for the removal of 20 teeth from a severely PTC-deficient patient.7. The high PTC activity of “reclaimed“ plasma was confirmed by the close agreement between the PTC level expected in a PTC deficient patient after transfusion of such plasma and that observed.

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In vitro characteristics and in vivo platelet quality of whole blood treated with riboflavin and UVA / UVB light and stored for 24 hours at room temperature

Transfusion ◽

10.1111/trf.16500 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 61 (S1) ◽

Author(s):

Turid Helen Felli Lunde ◽

Lindsay Hartson ◽

Shawn Lawrence Bailey ◽

Tor Audun Hervig

Keyword(s):

Whole Blood ◽

Room Temperature

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Controlled storage conditions prolong stability of biochemical components in whole blood

Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM) ◽

10.1515/cclm.2005.036 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 43 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Marta Stahl ◽

Ivan Brandslund

Keyword(s):

Whole Blood ◽

Storage Conditions ◽

Ion Concentration ◽

Potassium Ions ◽

Uncertainty Of Measurements ◽

Biochemical Components ◽

Turn Around Time ◽

Analytical Result ◽

Blood Specimens ◽

Doctor's Office

AbstractBlood specimens from primary care centres are normally transported to central laboratories by mail. This necessitates centrifugation and separation, especially since the potassium ion concentration in whole blood changes during storage at ambient temperature. Thus, because of the growing awareness of and concern for pre-analytical contributions to the uncertainty of measurements, we investigated 27 components and their stability under controlled temperature conditions from 17 to 23°C. We found that storage of whole blood can be prolonged by up to 8–12h for all components examined, including potassium ions, when stored at 20±0.2°C. We conclude that this opens the possibility for establishing a pick-up service, by which whole blood specimens stored at 20–21°C can be collected at the doctor's office, making centrifugation, separation and mailing superfluous. In addition, the turn-around time from sample drawing to reporting the analytical result would be shortened. After investments in thermostatted boxes and logistics, the system could reduce costs for transporting blood samples from general practice centres to central laboratories.

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Serial blood cultures from canine stored whole blood held at room temperature for 24 h

Comparative Clinical Pathology ◽

10.1007/s00580-008-0801-8 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 18 (3) ◽

pp. 279-281 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

J. S. Beymer ◽

E. Rudloff ◽

R. Kirby ◽

T. J. Novicki ◽

F. M. Moore

Keyword(s):

Whole Blood ◽

Room Temperature ◽

Blood Cultures ◽

Serial Blood

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Occurrence of adenovirus infection and clinical impact in paediatric stem cell transplant recipients

Microbiologia Medica ◽

10.4081/mm.2016.5850 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 31 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Gabriele Bianco ◽

Cristina Costa ◽

Andrea Piceghello ◽

Francesca Sidoti ◽

Mareva Giacchino ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cell ◽

Whole Blood ◽

Limit Of Detection ◽

Antiviral Agent ◽

Clinical Impact ◽

Cell Transplant ◽

Adenovirus Infection ◽

Hematopoietic Stem ◽

Organ Specific ◽

Blood Specimens

In this study, the occurrence and clinical impact of adenovirus (AdV) infection was investigated in paediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) recipients. A number of 603 specimens (including whole blood, respiratory and other samples) from 181 patients were tested by real-time polymerase chain reaction; clinical outcome was investigated. Overall, 118/603 (19.6%) specimens from 21/181 (11.6%) patients resulted positive to AdV (including 17.3, 29.9, 17.6, and 15.8% of total number of whole blood, respiratory, urine and other specimens, respectively). On whole blood specimens, viral loads ranged from <600 (limit of detection) to >5×10<sup>6</sup> copies/mL, with a median value 2×104. Multiple specimens were positive in patients in which viral load on whole blood was high. Adenoviral positivity on whole blood was associated to poor prognosis, as death occurred in three of ten (30%) patients with persistent positivity on whole blood specimens, also despite the administration of an antiviral agent (cidofovir). Adenovirus infection can account for systemic and/or organ-specific signs/symptoms in approximately 10% of paediatric HSCT recipients. At moment, there is no indication for routine monitor of AdV in these patients, although AdV aetiology of infectious transplant complications should be taken in account.

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Detection of Pneumocystis carinii DNA in Blood Specimens from Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Patients by Nested PCR

Journal of Clinical Microbiology ◽

10.1128/jcm.37.1.127-131.1999 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 37 (1) ◽

pp. 127-131 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Meja Rabodonirina ◽

Laurent Cotte ◽

André Boibieux ◽

Karine Kaiser ◽

Martine Mayençon ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Whole Blood ◽

Nested Pcr ◽

Large Subunit ◽

Pneumocystis Carinii ◽

Proteinase K ◽

Rrna Gene ◽

Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Blood Specimens ◽

Large Subunit Rrna

The detection of Pneumocystis carinii DNA in blood by PCR could be useful for studying the natural history of pneumocystosis and could also be a noninvasive diagnostic method. The results of previous studies are nevertheless conflicting. In our study, we compared three commercially available DNA extraction kits (GeneReleaser, QIAamp Tissue Kit, and ReadyAmp Genomic DNA Purification System) and proteinase K and proteinase K-phenol-chloroform treatments for the extraction of P. carinii DNA from dilutions of a P. carinii f. sp.hominis cyst suspension mixed with human whole blood. A rapid and simple nested PCR protocol which amplifies a portion of the mitochondrial large-subunit rRNA gene was applied to all the extraction products. The QIAmp Tissue Kit was the most effective kit for the isolation of amplification-ready P. carinii DNA and was used with nested PCR for the testing of whole-blood specimens from 35 immunocompetent control patients and 84 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients investigated for pulmonary disease and/or fever. In HIV-infected patients, P. carinii DNA was detected by nested PCR in blood samples from 3 of 14 patients with microscopically proven P. carinii pneumonia, 7 of 22 patients who were considered to be colonized with P. carinii, and 9 of 48 patients who were neither infected nor colonized with P. carinii. P. carinii DNA was not detected in blood specimens from the 35 immunocompetent patients. P. carinii DNA in blood might represent viable P. carinii organisms or DNA complexes released from pulmonary phagocytes. In conclusion, P. carinii DNA may be detected in whole blood from HIV-infected patients, but the nature and the meaning of the circulating form of P. carinii remain to be established.

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