Mechanism of Migration Processes of Heavy Metals (Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd) in Agroecosystems by the Example of Cabbage and Fodder Beet (Root Crops)

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Fodder Beet ◽  
Beet Root ◽  
Root Crops

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF BIOLOGICAL ABSORPTION COEFFICIENTS OF HEAVY METALS FOR FODDER BEET

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2(71)) ◽  
pp. 9-12
Author(s):  
Andrey Ilinskiy
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Trace Elements ◽  
Copper Content ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Absorption Coefficients ◽  
Fodder Beet ◽  
Lead And Cadmium ◽  
Root Crops ◽  
Copper Zinc ◽  
By Products

The results of a field lysimetric experiment on podzolized сhernozem to study the coefficients of biological absorption of heavy metals and trace elements for root crops and tops of fodder beets using various systems of mineral fertilizers are presented. Analysis of the empirical series of accumulation of elements in the main and byproducts of fodder beet plants showed that the level of accumulation of zinc, lead and cadmium in root crops is significantly lower than in the tops, and the copper content is relatively evenly distributed between the main and by-products according to the variants of the experiment. In the variant with an increased agrochemical background, there was a decrease in the content of copper, zinc and lead in the main and by-products of feed beets, which may be due to the effect of biological dilution when using mineral fertilizers.

scholarly journals Selection on improvement of the sugar beet root form

2019 ◽  
pp. 13-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Krotiyuk ◽  
О. Dubchak ◽  
L. Andrieieva ◽  
M. Kornieieva
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Original Form ◽  
Root Mass ◽  
Fodder Beet ◽  
Beet Root ◽  
Root Crops ◽  
Sugar Beet Root ◽  
Initial Forms

The aim of the study was to create new starting materials of beets with improved oval conical root form, higher weight and sugar content to get high yielding hybrids. Based on the results of the research on root beet form improvement by hybridization of sugar beet root with fodder beet it was proven that the fodder beet can exceed sugar beet on productivity twice under identical agro climatic conditions. To transmit the root-shaped trait, it is not enough to have one crossing with the plants-carriers of the genes controlling the roundness of the form, since the selection of plants in F2 does not exceed 3 % and thus additional cross-breeding is necessary. The estimation of initial forms of beets according to the productivity elements for hybridization is given in the article (the yield of sugar beets recipients samples made 39.7–51.1 t/ha, that of donor of the feed beet variety made 60.5 t/ha). In the hybrid offspring, root crops varied in shape from a spindle-shaped to an oval-conical. Root crops of hybrid specimens of oval and wide-conical shapes were selected, which outweighed the initial forms by productivity: yields – by 3.2–20.8 %, sugar content – by 1.0–3.5 %. Due to the fact that different forms of beets root crops differ in productivity, it is necessary to transfer the form of root crops from fodder beet as more productive to sugar beet. It was noted that sample B11360-68 / Biamara F2 with the highest root mass (780 g) had the highest leaf area of 1.2 m2. The yields made 104.8 % and 103.5 %, respectively by sugar content of the original form. In the second generation we obtained 45.5–59.0 % of root beets with oval and wide-conical shapes and increased by 3.2–20.8 % yield compared to the original forms. The collection of breeding materials of Verkhnyatskiy RSS was supplemented by an oval-conical hybrid specimen and three broad-conical specimens with a smooth root surface that had a less pronounced orthostich and had a high root mass. Key words: sugar beet, fodder beet, productivity, beet root form, crossing, selection.

Role of forage beet selection in plant adaptation to weather conditions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.V. Zolnikova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Moscow Region ◽  
Plant Adaptation ◽  
Fodder Beet ◽  
Beet Root ◽  
Root Crops ◽  
Effective Temperatures

the article analyzes the degree of correlation between the yield of fodder beet root crops and weather conditions in the Moscow region over a ten-year period. The influence of the sum of active and effective temperatures and precipitation in different periods of plant ontogenesis in two morpho-physiological groups is considered. The expediency of saturating selections is noted in view of the greater adaptability of plants to the weather conditions of this region.

scholarly journals Fertilizer circulation and nitrogen balance in the agrophytocenosis of sugar beet when acidizing typical chernozem (study with 15n)

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 03017
Author(s):  
A.S. Avilov ◽  
N.Ya. Shmyreva ◽  
A.A. Zavalin ◽  
O.A. Sokolov
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Nitrogen Compounds ◽  
Gaseous Nitrogen ◽  
Typical Chernozem ◽  
Sugar Beets ◽  
Beet Root ◽  
Combined Application ◽  
Root Crops

The studies were carried out under the conditions of a microfield experiment on typical chernozem (Belgorod region) with two soils (pH 5.0 and 6.5) with the addition of urea (enriched in 15N, 17.1 at. %) And effluents from a pig-breeding complex (PSC) at doses of 6 and 12 g N/m2 (against the background of phosphate and potash fertilizers, P6K6). The largest amount of nitrogen was consumed by sugar beets with the combined introduction of CCA and urea (25.8 g N/m2). When the soil was acidified to pHsalt 5.0, the consumption of nitrogen in mineral fertilizers decreased by 15-18%, soil ni-trogen – by 21-52%, and waste nitrogen – by 16%. At the same time, the immobilization of nitrogen in the fertilizer decreased by 13-18%, and the loss of gaseous nitrogen compounds increased by 47-108%. The effluent from the pig-breeding complex increased the immobilization of nitrogen in mineral fertilizers (by 38-46%) and reduced gaseous nitrogen losses (by 22-44%). The highest stability and productivity (root crop yield 1654 g/m2, tops yield 239 g/m2) was exhibited by agrophytocenosis on soil with pH 6.5 with the combined application of CCA and urea. When the soil solution was acid-ified to pH 5.0, the yield of beet root crops decreased by 30% and the yield of tops – by 24%. On soil with pH 5.0, fertilizers increased the sugar content in root crops by 0.2-1.3%, on soil with pH 6.5, they decreased by 1.3-2.0%.

scholarly journals EFFICIENCY OF USE OF HORN- UNGULATED MEAL AND A ZEOLIC-CONTAINING FOSSIL MEAL FOR UNDERGROUND CROPS IN LIGHT-GRAY FOREST SOILS

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 30-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Леонид Шашкаров ◽  
Leonid Shashkarov ◽  
Иван Елисеев ◽  
Ivan Eliseev ◽  
Людмила Елисеева ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Soils ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Row Crops ◽  
Fodder Beet ◽  
Gray Forest Soils ◽  
Root Crops

Investigations on light gray forest soils of the Chuvash Republic were carried out to study the effectiveness of the use of horn-ungulated meal or keratin as a nitrogenous organic fertilizer and zeolite-containing trefoil as a sorbent-type soil improver. The use of horn-ungulted meal as a nitrogen fertilizer of organic origin helps to enhance the biological activity of the soil. Observations during the vegetation period revealed a more intense coloration of the leaf surface, as well as an increase in the area of the assimilative surface of fodder beet and potatoes. The results of the determination of quality indicators has revealed the possibility of obtaining environmentally friendly products, as there has been a decrease in the content of nitrates in root crops fodder beet and potato tubers, increased dry matter content and sugar content in root crops fodder beet and in the tubers of potato dry matter and starch.The conducted studies have revealed the possibility of replacing the mineral form of nitrogen fertilizer with a nitrogen fertilizer of organic origin - horn-ungulated meal (keratin), which is a waste of the livestock industry. The joint application of zeolite-containing fossil meal together with horn-ungulated meal and phosphoric-potassium mineral fertilizers positively affected the increase in the use of nutrients from them not only in the row crops in the year of application, but also in the subsequent barley culture, increasing its yield and economic efficiency.

scholarly journals The Influence of sowing time of red beet seeds on root crops storage

2020 ◽  
pp. 7-12
Author(s):  
P. Bezvikonnyu ◽  
R. Myalkovsky ◽  
V. Tarasyuk
Keyword(s):  
Early Spring ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Storage Root ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
F1 Hybrid ◽  
Beet Root ◽  
Root Crops ◽  
Red Beet ◽  
Storage Methods

The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of seed sowing time on the red beet root crops conservation in the southwestern Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. It has been established that sowing periods affect the germination of red beet root. Thus, the lowest total losses were observed for sowing on May 1–4 in all the studied hybrids, namely in the Bettollo F1 hybrid – 6.7 %, the Voyevoda F1 – 9.9 %, and in the Ronda F1 hybrid – 14.9 %, respectively. The biggest losses were observed for sowing in the early spring term, since sowing beetroot in the early term results in the roots overripening, aging, cracking, they germinate during storage and become less resistant to rotting microorganisms. The highest output of commodity products was observed under sowing in late spring time. In this case, the yield of markered root beet root in the Bettollo F1 hybrid was 93.3 %, the Voyevoda F1 – 90.1 %, and in the Ronda F1 hybrid – 85.1 %, respectively. Bettolo F1 hybrid root crops were better preserved than others, which we believe is due to the mass of root crops, since the conservation of large and medium-sized root crops is higher than that of small ones. It should also be noted that the total root loss was lower under storage in boxes with a plastic insert, than that under the root loss stored in the boxes. Thus, the lowest total root loss was observed in the Bettollo F1 hybrid – 5.2–7.6 %, which is 0.1–2.0 % less than the Voyevoda F1 hybrid and 3.2–6.9 % less than in the Ronda F1 hybrid. In the Bettolo F1 hybrid, the disease losses were insignificant compared to the Voyevoda F1 and Ronda F1 hybrids and made 2.8–4.0 %. The natural weight loss in the hybrid Bettollo F1 was 2.4–3.6 %, which is almost on par with the hybrid Voyevoda F1 2.3–4.2 %, but much less than in the hybrid Ronda F1 3.8–6.6 %. Comparing the storage methods, it should be noted that storage root crops in boxes with a plastic insert contributes to a higher output of marketed products compared to variants where the root crops were stored in boxes in bulk. Thus, storage root crops in boxes with a plastic insert is the best way to store root beets as it allows to save the product with minimal loss. Key words: storage properties, hybrid, total losses, commodity products output, boxes, boxes with a plastic insert.

scholarly journals Evolution of Root Morphology in Table Beet: Historical and Iconographic

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irwin L. Goldman ◽  
Jules Janick
Keyword(s):  
Matter Content ◽  
First Century ◽  
Third Century ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Fodder Beet ◽  
Beet Root ◽  
Beta Maritima ◽  
Swiss Chard ◽  
Crop Type ◽  
Recent Origin

The Beta vulgaris complex includes sugar beet, mangel wurzel, Swiss chard, fodder beet, and table beet. Mangel wurzel and fodder beet are considered to be the same general crop type, with the former possessing lower dry matter content (<13%) than the latter. Mangel is likely derived from crosses between table beet and chard, while fodder beet may have a more recent origin, arising from crosses between mangel and sugarbeet. The table beet was derived from the wild sea beet, B. vulgaris (L.) subsp. maritima (L.) Arcang, with small non-spherical roots. Table beet is presently a popular vegetable cultivated for its pigmented roots, typically red but also yellow and other colors. Wild forms were consumed in antiquity mainly for their leaves with roots used medicinally. Beet is referred to in the Septuagint, a Greek translation of the first five books of the Hebrew bible, made in Ptolomeic Egypt in the third century BCE. A beet identified as Beta maritima is included in De Material Medicus of Pedanius Dioscorides written in the first century CE, and the first illustrated version of 512, known as the Juliana Anicia Codex, includes an image with non-spherical root. Beet is mentioned in several tractates of the Talmud, a sixth century collection of history and civil law written in Babylonia. Beta maritima possesses supernumerary root cambia, which facilitated selection of swollen rooted forms. The first colored illustration of swollen rooted table beet, B. vulgaris, can be found in the 1515–1517 frescos of Raphael Sanzio and Giovanni Martina da Udine in the Villa Farnesina in Rome. Swollen roots in Roman beet are illustrated and described in the 1587 French herbal Historia Generalis Plantarum of Jacques Dalechamps. Conically shaped beet roots are found in the market painting of Franz Snijders in the 17th century. Various spherical forms of beet root are found in the work of American painter James Peale in 1826. A complete array of beet root types is found in the Benary catalog of 1876. Modern, spherical beet roots were depicted in 1936 by the Russian painter Zinaida Serebriankov, 1936. Artistic and historical representations of table beet suggest that swollen rooted forms have existed during the past five centuries, but conically shaped roots were gradually replaced by spherically shaped roots during this period.

scholarly journals Regularities of beet root crop yield formation based on retrospective data

2020 ◽  
Vol 217 ◽  
pp. 10007
Author(s):  
Elena Melikhova
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Factor B ◽  
Beet Root ◽  
Root Crops ◽  
Joint Influence ◽  
Additional Equipment ◽  
Factor C ◽  
The Impact

The article presents a statistical model of the impact of agromeliorative factors, including methods and modes of irrigation on the productivity of beet root crops in the combination of drip irrigation and fine sprinkling (MAV). The experiments were carried out according to a three – factor scheme providing for the regulation of the phytoclimate (factor A): A1 - drip irrigation; A2-drip irrigation together with the management of the phytoclimate by MAV. Hydrothermal regulation of the phytoclimate was carried out using additional equipment with an interval of 1 hour during the entire vegetation period, provided that the air temperature was higher than the biologically optimal 26°C. the parameters of controlling the lowest humidity of HB (factor B) were taken: B1 – 70 %; B2 – 80 %. On the basis of the dispersion statistical analysis of the results of field studies, the following statistically significant shares of their participation in the formation of the crop were established: factor A – 23%, factor B – 29%, factor C – 44%. The revealed joint influence of factors A and C on the variability of the crop of root crops, the share of which was two percent, exceeds the value of the influence of other pair interactions.

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