Conclusion: warning signs

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leah Bassel ◽  
Akwugo Emejulu
Keyword(s):  
Warning Signs ◽  
Minority Women ◽  
Refugee Crisis ◽  
Racial Contract ◽  
Mass Surveillance ◽  
The Way

In this chapter we sound a further alarm as the European racial contract becomes more explicitly hateful and gains mainstream legitimacy and acceptability, with profound implications for minority women. We consider the ‘burkini ban’ and mass surveillance of Muslim citizens in France, the spike of racism in post-Brexit referendum Britain, the hollow promise of resurgent Scottish nationalism, and the ‘refugee crisis’ in Europe. We argue that against this backdrop, minority women are once again pathologically present but politically absent. What politics of survival lies on the horizon? Rather than prescribing the way forward we insist on political attentiveness to the struggles unfolding in new, creative and subversive ways led by minority women at some times and in some places on their own terms.

Survival of the cryptic: Tracing technological imaginaries across ideologies, infrastructures, and community practices

2021 ◽  
pp. 146144482098301
Author(s):  
Sarah Myers West
Keyword(s):  
Inflection Point ◽  
Cascading Failures ◽  
Race And Racism ◽  
Widespread Adoption ◽  
Feminist Thought ◽  
Ethnographic Observation ◽  
Collective Survival ◽  
Mass Surveillance ◽  
The Way

This article explores an inflection point for the crypto community as it grappled with a series of cascading failures. Drawing on 3 years of ethnographic observation and interviews at conferences devoted to building privacy systems, I consider how a determinist conception of encryption technologies inhibited the widespread adoption of privacy technologies. I develop the frame of “survival of the cryptic” to call attention to the way this conception fails to acknowledge how power shapes the conditions of surveillance: that race and racism, gender and misogyny affect not only who is most impacted by surveillance but also how the encryption technologies developed to inhibit surveillance were designed—and, as importantly, who they were designed for. I conclude by offering a new imaginary for encryption that draws on queer, black and feminist thought by centering the need to create safe and autonomous spaces for collective survival under conditions of mass surveillance.

‘Writing’ oneself into tragedy: visual user practices and spectatorship of the Alan Kurdi images on Instagram

2019 ◽  
pp. 147035721985711
Author(s):  
Marloes Geboers
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
The Self ◽  
Refugee Crisis ◽  
Political Views ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Way

Studies into affective publics often involve textual communication. However, emotive communication is increasingly visual. This study zooms in on the representation of the suffering other in seven re-workings of the Alan Kurdi photographs that resonated significantly on Instagram. Chouliaraki’s concept of post-humanitarian solidarity in The Ironic Spectator (2013) is used as a theoretical framework to analyse the content of re-worked images and their post captions. Her concept outlines how distant sufferers tend to be rendered invisible due to the self-reflexive nature of contemporary solidarity. This self-reflexivity gets in the way of solidarity for others unlike us. The study found that, although the sufferer is visually present in almost all re-worked images, the suffering is ‘replaced’ by emotions or political views of the creators. Both Chouliaraki’s ‘distant other’ as well as Markham’s similar other are ways to visually (re)construct the tragedy of Alan Kurdi and the refugee crisis in general. This study adds to this an understanding of how Instagram users, while visually constructing a similar or distant other, also write themselves – often their personal feelings – into such images. Their public, other Instagram users, engages in self-reflexivity by liking such re-workings, aligning with the communicated emotions or political views conveyed. In this way, the platform ‘like feature’ intensifies the self-reflexive nature of contemporary solidarity.

scholarly journals “Disturbing Practices”: Dehumanizing Asylum Seekers in the Refugee “Crisis” in Australia, 2001–2002

Refuge ◽  
2003 ◽  
pp. 25-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Leach
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Difference ◽  
Asylum Seekers ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Refugee Crisis ◽  
Parental Responsibility ◽  
Australian Government ◽  
Refugee Status ◽  
Boat People ◽  
Post September 11 ◽  
The Way

Throughout late 2001 and 2002, the Australian Government, seeking re-election, campaigned on a tough line against so-called “illegal” immigrants. Represented as “queue jumpers,” “boat people,” and “illegals,” most of these asylum seekers came from Middle Eastern countries, and, in the main, from Afghanistan and Iraq. This paper explores the way particular representations of cultural difference were entwined in media and government attacks upon asylum seekers. In particular, it analyzes the way key government figures articulated a negative understanding of asylum seekers’ family units – representing these as “foreign” or “other” to contemporary Australian standards of decency and parental responsibility. This representational regime also drew upon post-September 11 representations of Middle Eastern people, and was employed to call into question the validity of asylum-seekers’ claims for refugee status. Manufactured primarily through the now notorious “children overboard” incident, these images became a central motif of the 2001 election campaign. This paper concludes by examining the way these representations of refugees as “undeserving” were paralleled by new Temporary Protection Visa regulations in Australia.

Migration Without a Face

2020 ◽  
pp. 197-223
Author(s):  
Philip E. Phillis ◽  
Philip E. Phillis
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
New World ◽  
World Order ◽  
Refugee Crisis ◽  
New World Order ◽  
Art Cinema ◽  
The West ◽  
Mass Migration ◽  
Of Greece ◽  
The Way

The author addresses three major case studies which articulate the notion of a refugee crisis in thought-provoking ways. Indeed, The Suspended Step of the Stork (1991), Ephemeral Town/Efimeri Poli (2000) and The Way to the West/O Dromos Pros ti Dysi (2003) merge conventions of art cinema and documentary in order to challenge discourses of charity and the very concept of a ‘crisis’. In their venture, filmmakers convey mass migration as a tragedy of displacement and homelessness. They expose the reluctance of Greece in its role as host, the new world order of globalization and the hardships of refugees, trapped in prostitution rings and in perpetual search for a home away from home. The debate on representation is extended in order to critically engage with problematic notions of anonymity that stereotypically adorns representations of refugees and it is argued that, in their attempt to screen mass migration as a tragedy, filmmakers reinforce the silence and victimhood of refugees.

Rape as a Weapon of War in Myanmar/Burma

2019 ◽  
pp. 266-284
Author(s):  
Annalise Oatman ◽  
Kate Majewski
Keyword(s):  
Historical Development ◽  
Legal Culture ◽  
Minority Women ◽  
The Political ◽  
Ethnic Minority Women ◽  
The Social ◽  
Political Forces ◽  
The Status ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Way

This chapter examines the conflict in Myanmar and its historical development as an example of the way that rape is wielded as a weapon of war. It also provides a discussion of advocacy for the ethnic minority women of Myanmar at the grassroots, national, and international levels. It reviews statistics on conflict-related rape and theories regarding the social and political forces driving it. It examines the political history of Myanmar and the status of Myanmarese women. It also discusses the way that current conditions have set the stage for conflict-related rape in Myanmar and data on its prevalence. It discusses the extradition of the rapist of a 7-year-old girl, Myanmarese grassroots efforts to address this issue, and international proposals for reform. In addition, it discusses the way that the “legal culture” of a nation can get in the way of the enactment of international legislation.

scholarly journals Can Academic Medicine Lead the Way in the Refugee Crisis?

2016 ◽  
Vol 91 (12) ◽  
pp. 1595-1597 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir A. Afkhami
Keyword(s):  
Academic Medicine ◽  
Refugee Crisis ◽  
The Way

scholarly journals A Double Standard: The Respective Responsibilities of English and French-language Canada in the German Refugee Crisis

1969 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Anctil
Keyword(s):  
Double Standard ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
French Language ◽  
Refugee Crisis ◽  
French Canada ◽  
Seminal Work ◽  
Federal Bureaucracy ◽  
Jewish Refugees ◽  
Archival Work ◽  
The Way

In their seminal work dealing with the refugee crisis of the late thirties and early forties, Abella and Troper describe the inner workings of the Canadi- an Federal bureaucracy with regard to admitting Jews from Nazi-occupied Europe. Their study, supported by solid archival work, demonstrates the com- plex and, at the time, hostile reception that Canadian politicians gave to Jews knocking on their door. The authors’ narrative is much weaker, however, when they address the question of French Canada. In this article, I seek to demon- strate that Abella and Troper’s conclusions regarding Francophones are not based on any conclusive documentation. Using recent historical research and French-language sources, a remarkably different portrait emerges of the way Quebec understood the question of Jewish refugees and reacted to their plight.

Argumentative dynamics in representations of migrants and refugees: Evidence from the Italian press during the ‘refugee crisis’

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 559-581
Author(s):  
Dimitris Serafis ◽  
Carlo Raimondo ◽  
Stavros Assimakopoulos ◽  
Sara Greco ◽  
Andrea Rocci
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
Refugee Crisis ◽  
Corpus Linguistic ◽  
Critical Discourse Studies ◽  
Discourse Studies ◽  
Discursive Representations ◽  
The Way

The present paper analyses discursive representations and standpoint-arguments pairs, realized in articles of four mainstream Italian newspapers that report on migrants’ and refugees’ mobilization at the perceived peak of the so-called ‘refugee crisis’ (2015–2017). We draw on the scholarly agenda of Critical Discourse Studies, employing tools from corpus linguistic perspectives, which allow us to generalize over the way in which the relevant minorities are represented in our corpus. Then, focusing on a smaller sample of negative representations, we outline a methodological synthesis in order to scrutinize instances of representational meaning in newspapers articles and trace what is argumentatively inferred in discursive representations. To that end we exploit tools from systemic functional and cognitive linguistics as well as the Argumentum Model of Topics (AMT) for the analysis of inference. In this sense, we demonstrate how discriminatory representations do not only portray migrants and refugees in a negative light but also justify discrimination through the argumentative dynamic they develop.

scholarly journals ‘Heb je dat, betrokken blanke wereldburger?’

2020 ◽  
Vol 136 (3) ◽  
pp. 147-163
Author(s):  
Liesbeth Minnaard
Keyword(s):  
Short Story ◽  
Refugee Crisis ◽  
Art And Literature ◽  
Frame Work ◽  
The Way

Abstract The so-called refugee crisis has triggered manifold responses in the field of European art and literature. This paper discusses two works by the Dutch writer Ilja Leonard Pfeijffer as examples of Dutch ‘refugee crisis literature’: his highly acclaimed novel La Superba (2013) and the short-story ‘Fatou yo’ that was published in the text-collection Gelukszoekers (2015), but that is actually also a fragment from the aforementioned novel. I start my comparative discussion of these two texts by exploring the challenges and pitfalls in representing refugees in literature more in general, focusing on the seemingly inescapable trope of refugee victimhood and the humanitarian and empathic mindset that ‘refugee crisis literature’ mostly requires from its reader. Then I embark on an analysis of the two texts and of the way in which, as I will demonstrate, the texts position and, ultimately, manipulate their empathic reader. I will argue that the discomfort that results from this manipulation is considerably more effective within the frame-work of La Superba than within the Gelukszoekers-collection, despite the latter’s explicitly activist agenda.

scholarly journals Refugee crisis in Greece: The National and Kapodistrian University of Athens paves the way to meet the challenge

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (15) ◽  
pp. 316-316
Author(s):  
Demetrios Moris ◽  
Evika Karamagioli ◽  
Ioannis Karavokyros ◽  
Anastasios Angelou ◽  
Emmanouil Pikoulis
Keyword(s):  
Refugee Crisis ◽  
The Way
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