Exercise

Vital Bodies ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 21-34
Author(s):  
Charlotte Bates
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Alternative Form ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Physically Active

The second chapter, Exercise, considers the rhythm of our bodies in motion and the complicated relationships between exercise and illness, as both a necessity and a joy. Like eating, the significance of exercise is redefined by illness, and the body is maintained, challenged, and re-known through it. Exercise regimes can provide control, treatment and an alternative form of medication so that through physical activity bodies feel strong, independent, and free in spite of illness. But ill bodies are prone to overexertion, and exercise can reinforce their dependence and vulnerability as well as their strength. For Anna, who has depression, exercise has become a form of self-medication. Running and cycling regularly make her feel less depressed, so she tries to be physically active at least four times a week. Disruption to this routine can cause her mood to plummet quickly, showing the dependence that she has on her body.

scholarly journals Multi-Year Examination of School-Based Programs in Preventing Childhood Obesity: A Case of a State Policy in the U.S.

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (24) ◽  
pp. 9425
Author(s):  
Chang-Yong Jang ◽  
Nam-Gyeong Gim ◽  
Yoonhee Kim ◽  
TaeEung Kim
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
The Body ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
School Based ◽  
American Children ◽  
Teenage Obesity ◽  
State Programs

This study examined the association between the obesogenic factors and the risk of suffering from weight excess in school-based state programs regarding physical activity, physical education, nutrition standards, and nutrition education in preventing childhood obesity. Data were drawn from the 1999–2011 Youth Risk Behavior Survey in the State of Mississippi (N = 8862; grades 9–12). Logistic regression with year-fixed effects was performed to capture the influence of the legislation on teenage obesity, controlling for demographics and nutrition- and physical activity-related behaviors. The age-, sex-, and ethnicity-adjusted mean of the body mass index had reduced since 2007 (year 1999: 23.52; year 2001: 23.53; year 2003: 23.76; year 2007: 24.26; year 2009: 24.29; and year 2011: 23.91). The legislation was significantly associated with a decreased likelihood of being overweight (year 2007, odds ratio (OR) = 0.686; year 2009, OR = 0.739; and year 2011, OR = 0.760; all p < 0.01). Children who were more sedentary, more frequently fasted to lose weight, and were less physically active and likelier to be overweight (OR = 1.05, 1.37, and 0.97, respectively; all p < 0.05), as were African-American children (OR = 0.64; p < 0.05) and female students (OR = 1.59; p < 0.05). In conclusion, schools are among the most easily modifiable settings for preventing childhood obesity and reducing its prevalence, with the implementation of physical activity and nutritional policies.

scholarly journals Higher Physical Activity Level Improves Leptin Concentrations in Spinal Cord Injury Subjects

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Ana Paula B. Ramkrapes ◽  
Renata G. Duft ◽  
Ivan L. P. Bonfante ◽  
Keryma C. S. Mateus ◽  
Joice C. S. Trombeta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
The Body ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
The Other ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Cardiometabolic Disorders ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
General Physical

The present study was designed to compare the body composition and indicators of chronic inflammatory grade, such as leptin, adiponectin, and resistin concentrations in irregularly active and active SCI subjects. Thirty-two male subjects participated in this study. They were divided into three groups: able-bodied control irregularly active (control, n = 11 ), irregularly active with SCI (SCI-IA, n = 8 ), and physically active with SCI (SCI-PA, n = 13 ). The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) assessed serum concentrations of leptin, adiponectin, and resistin. All volunteers performed the maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max) test, 24 h total energy expenditure (TEE), and body composition by skinfold thicknesses. Leptin concentrations were higher in the SCI-IA group when compared to the other groups, while no significant differences were found between the SCI-PA and control cohorts. In addition, no significant differences were found among groups for serum adiponectin and resistin concentrations either. The SCI-PA group showed significantly higher values for TEE and VO2max when compared to the other groups. Percentages of body fat and circumference were decreased in the control and SCI-PA groups when compared to the SCI-IA cohort. Associations between leptin and cardiorespiratory capacity and anthropometric markers were also observed. Our findings highlight that the lack of physical activity in the SCI subjects leads to poor general physical fitness and higher levels of body adiposity, which may induce hyperleptinemia, an essential marker for cardiometabolic disorders.

Prosody and ideologies of embodiment: Variation in the use of pitch and articulation rate among fitness instructors

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
Lewis Esposito ◽  
Chantal Gratton
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Quantitative Study ◽  
The Body ◽  
Embodied Energy ◽  
Social Meaning ◽  
Group Level ◽  
Articulation Rate ◽  
Linguistic Features ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Instructional Styles

Abstract This article discusses semiotic connections among linguistic prosody, the body, and forms of physical activity. A quantitative study of the instructional styles of bodybuilding and yoga instructors on YouTube shows that bodybuilding instructors employ faster articulation rates and higher pitch (F0) than yoga instructors. We argue that articulation rate and pitch become semiotically linked to notions of energy, and the differences in the instructors’ styles are rooted in differences in levels of embodied energy that bodybuilding and yoga are assumed to require. Instructors employ linguistic features that reflect these ideologies of their activities, and in doing so, present themselves as embodied instantiations of their respective practices. This study shows that ideologies of the body as a physically active doer of things provide an important source for the generation of iconic, energy-related meanings. Crucially, we show that ideological notions of energy and embodied iconicity can drive group-level patterns of linguistic variation. (Prosody, iconicity, style, embodiment, social meaning, ideology)*

scholarly journals Neck circumference as a discriminator of obesity in older women enrolled in a physical activity program

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 710-719
Author(s):  
Daniel Rogério Petreça ◽  
Enaiane Cristina Menezes ◽  
Paula Fabricio Sandreschi ◽  
Felipe Fank ◽  
Giovana Zarpellon Mazo
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Women ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Roc Curves ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Neck Circumference ◽  
The Body ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Anthropometric Parameter ◽  
Physically Active

The aim of this study was to evaluate neck circumference (NC) as a discriminator of overweight and obesity and to establish cut-off points for physically active older women. The sample consisted of 170 older women (69.5 ± 6.8 years) practicing physical activity. Anthropometric measures (body weight, height, waist circumference – WC, and NC) were obtained and the body mass index (BMI) was calculated. Correlation analysis was performed and ROC curves were constructed. NC was significantly correlated with BMI (rho = 0.656; p<0.0001) and WC (r = 0.561; p<0.0001). Correlating BMI with NC, areas under the ROC curve of 0.819 (p=0.0001) for overweight and of 0.902 (p=0.0001) for obesity were obtained, with suggested cut-off points of 33.07 and 34.05 cm, respectively. Correlating WC with NC, areas under the ROC curve of 0.711 (p=0.0014) for moderate risk (WC) and of 0.864 (p=0.0001) for high risk were obtained, with suggested cut-off points of 32.15 and 34.15 cm, respectively. NC was associated with BMI and WC. An NC ≥ 34 cm was a risk factor for obesity and abnormal body fat distribution in the older women studied. This anthropometric parameter is an alternative to discriminate overweight and obesity in physically active older women.

Does Women's Attitudinal State Body Image Improve After One Session of Posture Correction Exercises?

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (8) ◽  
pp. 1045-1052 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Scarpa ◽  
Alessandra Nart ◽  
Erica Gobbi ◽  
Attilio Carraro
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Image ◽  
Acute Effect ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
The Body ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Image States ◽  
Before And After ◽  
State Body

Physically active people are usually more satisfied with their bodies than are sedentary people (Davis, 2002), but the influences exerted by physical activity on body image (BI) are not clear. In the current study, the effects of a posture correction exercise (PCE) session on attitudinal state BI were examined. We wanted to know if a single PCE session could have an immediate and positive influence on attitudinal state BI in women. Participants (217 women) were randomized into 2 groups either taking part in a PCE (experimental condition) or a reading-a-newspaper (RN; control condition) session, in a cross-over design. Before and after PCE and RN sessions, participants completed the Body Image States Scale (Cash, Fleming, Alindogan, Steadman, & Whitehead, 2002), indicating their attitudinal state BI at that time. Results showed an immediate increase in state BI scores after a 1-hour PCE session, suggesting that the acute effect of PCE causes an improvement in attitudinal state BI.

scholarly journals Physical activity, exercise and low-grade systemic inflammation

2010 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 400-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Wärnberg ◽  
Karen Cunningham ◽  
Javier Romeo ◽  
Ascension Marcos
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes ◽  
The Body ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Active Lifestyle ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Inflammatory State ◽  
Physical Activity And Exercise ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation

Prospective studies have shown that chronic low-grade inflammation may contribute to the pathogenesis of the most common chronic diseases and in particular CVD. Obesity has repeatedly been associated with moderately raised levels of inflammation, and this observation has led to the view that obesity is characterised by a state of chronic low-grade inflammation. There is now great interest in elucidating how physical activity and exercise modulate inflammation. This review summarises the current research addressing the influence of physical activity and exercise in mitigating the risks of obesity and diseases such as type-II diabetes and CVD, through its action on the low-grade inflammatory state. Most research on this topic hypothesised that the association between physical activity and inflammatory markers is independent of fatness, but very few studies have proven this. Given that physical activity and obesity are often inversely related, it is not clear as to whether the anti-inflammatory health benefits of a physically active lifestyle are due to exercise per se or result from favourable changes in the body composition.

scholarly journals Differences in the effect of sleep deprivation on the postural stability among men and women

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Ołpińska-Lischka ◽  
Karolina Kujawa ◽  
Janusz Maciaszek
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Postural Stability ◽  
The Body ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Postural Control System ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Eyes Open ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Objective: Sleepiness caused by poor sleep hygiene may increase the risk of injuries and damages during physical activity. Individual data so far indicate a generally better static postural stability of women regardless of sleeping conditions. The main aim of this study was to assess the impact of sleep deprivation on postural stability according to gender after 24 hours of sleep deprivation. Methods: Participants included 83 students (36 men and 47 women). Postural stability was measured with eyes open and closed eyes before and after sleep deprivation. Data from posturographic platform were used to assess postural stability objectively. Results: The type of test determined the size of observed changes in postural stability. The data suggest that women are better able to cope with the effects of sleep deprivation than men. Conclusion: Postural control system is very important in sport and in physically active people. The results show that men are more sensitive to sleep deprivation than women because they had higher COP path length values in tests. Less postural stability of the body due to sleep deprivation indicates a higher risk of injury during physical activity.

scholarly journals Differences in the Effect of Sleep Deprivation on the Postural Stability among Men and Women

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 3796
Author(s):  
Marta Ołpińska-Lischka ◽  
Karolina Kujawa ◽  
Janusz Maciaszek
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Postural Stability ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
The Body ◽  
Postural Control System ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Eyes Open ◽  
The Impact

Objective: Sleepiness caused by sleep deprivation may increase the risk of injuries and damages during physical activity. Individual data so far indicate a generally better static postural stability of women regardless of sleeping conditions. The main aim of this study was to assess the impact of sleep deprivation on postural stability according to gender after 24 h of sleep deprivation. Methods: Participants included 83 students (36 men and 47 women). Postural stability was measured with eyes open and closed eyes before and after sleep deprivation. Data from posturographic platform were used to assess postural stability objectively. Results: The type of test determined the size of observed changes in postural stability. The data suggest that women are better able to cope with the effects of sleep deprivation than men. Conclusion: Postural control system is very important in sport and in physically active people. The results show that men are more sensitive to sleep deprivation than women because they had higher COP (center of pressure) values in tests. Less postural stability of the body due to sleep deprivation indicates a higher risk of injury during physical activity.

scholarly journals The relationship between the physical activity of students from Lublin’s universities, and video games

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Polski ◽  
Karol Iwaniak ◽  
Karolina Sobotka-Polska ◽  
Magdalena Rogowska ◽  
Ewa Poleszak
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Video Games ◽  
Computer Technology ◽  
Computer Games ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
The Body ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Overweight People ◽  
Common Activity ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract With the rapid development of computer technology, gaming has become more popular, and young people spend more and more time playing such games. It is thought that this a major factor responsible for the lowered physical activity of today's society. For a better understanding of the issue, we assessed how many students spend their free time playing video games, and how this form of recreation affects their levels of physical activity. The investigation of the relationship between physical activity and playing computer games was undertaken via a questionnaire containing 16 questions, and this was applied to a representative sample of 138 students drawn from Lublin’s universities. The results of this show that males are more physically active (85% compared to 75% women). However, only 9% men and 13% women train every day. To keep the body in shape, the most common activity for the respondents is aerobics training (approx. 30%), walking and cycling. Such exercise is performed to improve or keep in shape, and as a form of relaxation. However, one third of all respondents play video games, 70% of these are males and only 16% are females. What is more, our results show that there was no correlation between level of physical activity and gaming. In both groups, about 80% of all respondents are physically active. Yet, among the players, there are more overweight people (28%), as compared to 10% in the non-player group. Still, players, in contrast to popular opinion, are more active than non-playing people. No association was found between playing computer games and health problems.

scholarly journals Participating in Kinesiology Activities in Primaryeducation Students’ Free Time

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leona Roca ◽  
Marko Badrić
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Physical Activities ◽  
The Body ◽  
Free Time ◽  
Second Grade ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Sports Club ◽  
The Difference

The objective of the research was to investigate to what extent students of first and second grades of primary school participate in physical activities in their free time. We are living in the age of sedentary lifestyle, which is becoming a problem of public health. 189 respondents took part in this research of which 93 girls and 96 boys aged 7 to 9. To assess the level of students’ activity in their free time, a poll was used consisting of eight questions from the questionnaire “Fels physical activity questionnaire for children” (FPAQ). Based on queries from the questionnaire, indices were calculated from the area of sports (IS), free time (ISV; household chores (IKP) and total physical activity result (UTA). To assess body composition, anthropometric measures of height, mass, BMI and percentage of fat in the body were used. To assess those, we used the device for measuring physical composition– Omron BF500 Body Composition Monitor. Results indicate that 59.26% do not meet daily recommendations for participating in physical activities. As regards the difference in students’ age, it is notable that second grade students are somewhat more physically active. Observing average results, it is clear that students were most physically active in their free time. The lowest values were recorded in the area of sports at school, (1.15), yet lower values were also obtained from sports club activities (2.06). It is evident that students of that age are minimally active during their PE classes and this is a segment where the number of physically active students can be increased. Increasing physical activity at school shall encourage students to participate in physical activity outside educational institutions.

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