scholarly journals Higher Physical Activity Level Improves Leptin Concentrations in Spinal Cord Injury Subjects

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Ana Paula B. Ramkrapes ◽  
Renata G. Duft ◽  
Ivan L. P. Bonfante ◽  
Keryma C. S. Mateus ◽  
Joice C. S. Trombeta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
The Body ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
The Other ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Cardiometabolic Disorders ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
General Physical

The present study was designed to compare the body composition and indicators of chronic inflammatory grade, such as leptin, adiponectin, and resistin concentrations in irregularly active and active SCI subjects. Thirty-two male subjects participated in this study. They were divided into three groups: able-bodied control irregularly active (control, n = 11 ), irregularly active with SCI (SCI-IA, n = 8 ), and physically active with SCI (SCI-PA, n = 13 ). The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) assessed serum concentrations of leptin, adiponectin, and resistin. All volunteers performed the maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max) test, 24 h total energy expenditure (TEE), and body composition by skinfold thicknesses. Leptin concentrations were higher in the SCI-IA group when compared to the other groups, while no significant differences were found between the SCI-PA and control cohorts. In addition, no significant differences were found among groups for serum adiponectin and resistin concentrations either. The SCI-PA group showed significantly higher values for TEE and VO2max when compared to the other groups. Percentages of body fat and circumference were decreased in the control and SCI-PA groups when compared to the SCI-IA cohort. Associations between leptin and cardiorespiratory capacity and anthropometric markers were also observed. Our findings highlight that the lack of physical activity in the SCI subjects leads to poor general physical fitness and higher levels of body adiposity, which may induce hyperleptinemia, an essential marker for cardiometabolic disorders.

The Relationship among Television Watching, Physical Activity, and Body Composition of 5- or 6-Year-Old Children

1996 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert H. DuRant ◽  
William O. Thompson ◽  
Maribeth Johnson ◽  
Tom Baranowski
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
The Body ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Television Watching ◽  
Activity Rating ◽  
The Relationship

This follow-up investigation examined the relationship among observed time of television watching, physical activity, and body composition in 5- to 6-year-old children previously studied 2 years ago. Activity level on school and nonschool days was measured with the Children’s Activity Rating Scale. Television watching time was assessed by direct observation, and body composition was measured with the body mass index, skinfold thicknesses, and waist/hip ratio. Television watching behavior, which increased from the earlier study, was not associated with body composition. Physical activity was lower during television watching than nontelevision watching time.

Gender Differences in Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, and Their Relation to Body Composition in Active Brazilian Adolescents

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Aparecida Devide Nogueira ◽  
Teresa Helena Macedo da Costa
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Skinfold Thickness ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
Physically Active

Background:Body weight and composition are determined by genotype, environment, and energy balance. Physical activity or sedentary behavior have different associations with body weight, fat mass, and fat-free mass, a relationship that is not clear in adolescents. The aim of this study was to test the associations between gender, physical activity, sedentary behavior, and body composition in physically active adolescents.Methods:Weight, height, and skinfold thickness were measured in 326 physically active boys and girls age 11 to 15 years. All subjects answered a questionnaire assessing their usual daily activities for the last month. Time spent on each activity was used to estimate the physical activity level (PAL).Results:PAL was associated with body composition after adjustment for age and maturation, with differences between genders. For boys, PAL was positively and significantly associated with body mass index (BMI) and fat-free mass index (β= 0.14 and 0.15, respectively). For girls, PAL was negatively and significantly associated with BMI and fat mass index (β= −0.11 and −0.75, respectively). Sedentary behavior, expressed by hours of TV, videogame, and computer use, was not associated with any body-composition outcome for either gender.Conclusion:The accumulated amount of physical activity, but not of sedentary behavior, was related to body composition in active adolescents.

scholarly journals Do e-athletes move? A study on physical activity level and body composition in elite e-sports

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 259-264
Author(s):  
Akan Bayrakdar ◽  
Yağmur Yıldız ◽  
Işık Bayraktar
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Physical Activity Level ◽  
Body Height ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Body ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Significant Difference

Background and Study Aim. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of e-sports on physical activity level and body composition. Material and Methods.  The athletes who participated in the study were 19.92± 2.21 years of age, 1.73±0.04 m body height and 78.35±6.52 kg body weight. A total of 137 athletes participated in the study, including 27 from Turkey, 47 from South Korea and 63 from the United States (USA). The data was collected by e-mail from the sports clubs. The athletes who representing their country in international competitions involved in the study. The data obtained were evaluated in the SPSS program. Results.  According to the findings of the study, the body mass index (BMI) of e-sport athletes is 26.03±1.85, the number of physical activity steps is 6646±3400 and the daily e-sport hours are 9.34±1.12. The BMI was determined as USA 26.12, South Korea 26.02 and Turkey 25.84 respectively. The number of physical activity steps was identified as 5255 steps in the US, 7785 steps in South Korea and 7909 steps in Turkey. The daily e-sports hour is set at US 9.63 hours, Turkey 9.29 hours and South Korea 8.97 hours. In comparison of country-based athletes, there was a significant difference between physical activity level and daily e-sports hours at p<0.05. The value of BMI is not different. Although it is not statistically related to the physical activity level and BMI. There was no statistically significant relationship between daily e-sports hours and BMI and physical activity step counts. However, as the time of e-sports increases, BMI increases and the number of physical activity steps decreases. Conclusions.  As a result it is seen in the findings of the research that athletes dealing with e-sports are included in the fat group as a body composition and their daily physical activity steps are low. In addition, according to the results of the research, e-sports are thought to have negative effects on physical health. Thanks to the physical activity programs to be applied to these athletes, it is thought that their body composition and physical activity levels can be improved.

scholarly journals Participating in Kinesiology Activities in Primaryeducation Students’ Free Time

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leona Roca ◽  
Marko Badrić
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Physical Activities ◽  
The Body ◽  
Free Time ◽  
Second Grade ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Sports Club ◽  
The Difference

The objective of the research was to investigate to what extent students of first and second grades of primary school participate in physical activities in their free time. We are living in the age of sedentary lifestyle, which is becoming a problem of public health. 189 respondents took part in this research of which 93 girls and 96 boys aged 7 to 9. To assess the level of students’ activity in their free time, a poll was used consisting of eight questions from the questionnaire “Fels physical activity questionnaire for children” (FPAQ). Based on queries from the questionnaire, indices were calculated from the area of sports (IS), free time (ISV; household chores (IKP) and total physical activity result (UTA). To assess body composition, anthropometric measures of height, mass, BMI and percentage of fat in the body were used. To assess those, we used the device for measuring physical composition– Omron BF500 Body Composition Monitor. Results indicate that 59.26% do not meet daily recommendations for participating in physical activities. As regards the difference in students’ age, it is notable that second grade students are somewhat more physically active. Observing average results, it is clear that students were most physically active in their free time. The lowest values were recorded in the area of sports at school, (1.15), yet lower values were also obtained from sports club activities (2.06). It is evident that students of that age are minimally active during their PE classes and this is a segment where the number of physically active students can be increased. Increasing physical activity at school shall encourage students to participate in physical activity outside educational institutions.

scholarly journals Effects of Physical Activity on Body Composition and Basal Metabolic Rate of Taiwanese Aboriginal Children during Daily School Time

2009 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-11
Author(s):  
T. H. TSAO ◽  
HSU C. H. HSU ◽  
Cheng Iuan HUANG ◽  
Huei Ying Huei Ying WU
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Basal Metabolic Rate ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
The Body ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
School Time ◽  
Aboriginal Children

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in English; abstract also in Chinese. Physical activity is one of the important factors for maintaining weight in adults and children, especially moderate-to- vigorous physical activity (MVPA). However, few studies have discussed about physical activity and body composition of aboriginal children, in spite of the differences existing between aboriginal and non-aboriginal children. As a result, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of physical activity on the body composition and basal metabolic rate (BMR) of Taiwanese aboriginal children. Methods: Thirty boys (aged 10.7 ± 1.5 yr with a body-mass index (BMI) of 19.0 ± 4.2 kg/m2) and 26 girls (aged 10.0 ± 1.5 yr with a BMI of 18.2 ± 3.7 kg/m2) participated in this study. Bouchard's physical activity questionnaire was used to measure the physical activity level. The body composition and BMR were determined by a bioelectrical impedance analysis. Results: For all subjects, the period of school time, from leaving home to arriving back home, was totally 530 ± 38minutes. Children engaged in 353.8 ± 29.7 (66%), 121.9 ± 9.7 (23%), 37.1 ± 7.5 (7%), and 21.4 ± 7.0 (4%) minutes of sedentary, light, moderate, and vigorous levels of exercise, respectively. The accumulated time of MVPA was significantly higher for boys than for girls. In addition, after the statistical analysis, MVPA was significantly related to the percent body fat and BMR (-0.79 and 0.63; p < 0.05). Conclusions: Sufficient physical activity time, especially MVPA, benefits the maintenance of a normal BMI range for aboriginal children. 身體活動對維持成人與孩童的體重相當重要，特別是中度與激烈程度的身體活動。儘管原住民與非原住民孩童存在著差異，但原住民兒童身體活動與身體組成的關係卻很少被討論。因此，本研究目的探討身體活動對原住民兒童身體組成與基礎代謝率的影響。30位原住民男學童(年齡：10.7 ± 1.5歲，身體質量指數：19.0 ± 4.2 kg/m2)與26位原住民女學童(年齡： 10.0 ± 1.5歲，身體質量指數：18.2 ± 3.7 kg/m2)參與本研究。Bouchard身體活動問卷調查原住民學童不同程度的身體活動，並以生物電阻法原理測量身體組成與基礎代謝率。結果：在校時間，從離家至返家，總計為530 ± 38分鐘。在坐式、輕度、中度、激烈等不同程度的身體活動時間 > 分別為353.8 ± 29.7 (66%)、121.9 ± 9.7 (23%)、37.1 ± 7.5 (7%)、21.4 ± 7.0 (4%)分鐘。男原住民學童在學校累積的中度-激烈的身體活動時間顯著多於女原住民學童。再者，中度-激烈的身體活動時間與原住民學童的體脂肪百分比、基礎代謝率有顯著相關(079、0.63; p < 0.05)。結論：足夠的身體活動時間，特別是中度-激烈程度的身體活動，將有助於原住民學童維持身體質量指數在正常範圍。

P0928PHYSICALLY ACTIVE PATIENTS IN HEMODIALYSIS: DO THEY HAVE A DIFFERENT EATING PATTERN AND BODY COMPOSITION?

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (Supplement_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Garagarza ◽  
Ana Valente ◽  
Cristina Caetano ◽  
Inês Ramos ◽  
Mariana Pinto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
The Body ◽  
World Health ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Clinical Parameters ◽  
Lean Tissue ◽  
Eating Pattern ◽  
Physically Active

Abstract Background and Aims Body composition influences outcomes in hemodialysis (HD) patients. These patients need to follow specific nutritional recommendations and physical activity has been highly encouraged. The aim of this study was to evaluate if there are differences in body composition and in dietary patterns between physically active and no physically active HD patients. Method This was a multicenter observational cross-sectional study where 582 HD patients from 38 dialysis centers were enrolled. Clinical parameters were recorded and body composition analysis was performed with the Body Composition Monitor®. Dietary intake and physical activity were obtained respectively from the Food Frequency Questionnaire and from the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, both validated for the Portuguese population. For the analysis, patients were divided in 2 groups: physically active (PA), if they follow the World Health Organization recommendations, and no physically active (NPA). T-student and non-parametric tests were performed to compare means and medians respectively. A p&lt;0.05 was considered significant. Results Mean age was 67.8 ±17.7 years, 41.4% were female, 31.6 % had diabetes mellitus and median HD vintage was 65 (Interquartil range:43-104) months. PA patients were younger (p&lt;0.001) and had a higher energy intake (p= 0.017), protein (p=0.016), total fat (p=0.023) and omega 3 fatty acids (p=0.006). Regarding body composition; higher total body water (p=0.027), intracellular water (p=0.002), lean tissue index (p=0.002), % lean tissue mass (p=0.001), body cell mass (p=0.001) and lower % fat (p=0.003) was found in PA patients. Urea pre-dialysis (p=0.013), albumin (p=0.026), creatinine (p&lt; 0.001) and 6 months weight gain (p=0.047) were higher in PA patients whereas age-adjusted Charlson comorbidity index (p&lt;0.001) was lower in these patients. No statistically significant differences were observed among other nutrients or parameters studied nor in body mass index, HD vintage or overhydration. Conclusion These data shows that, after comparing PA patients with NPA, differences were observed in body composition and clinical parameters related to a better nutritional status. Moreover, the PA patients` dietary intake was more approximated to the existing recommendations for this population, namely for energy and protein daily intake.

Pre-eminence of Moderate to Robust Physical Activity in Battling COVID-19: A Narrative Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 934-937
Author(s):  
Tasneem M. Lakkadsha ◽  
Kiran Kumar ◽  
Waqar M. Naqvi ◽  
Pratik Phansopkar
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Mass Media ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
The Other ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
Media Platform ◽  
Being There ◽  
History Books

In January 2020, we met with COVID-19 (aka SARS-Co-V-2 and/or Corona virus) on our news channels all the way from china. Little did we know that it would shake up our lives in such a manner that we had heard only in a movie or read in history books. Currently we are all in some sort of lockdown, be it in hospital/home or in our minds. Being there, most of us are facing certain kind of misery, be it emotional, mental, physical or social. To be expansive the most common stresses that have been addressed by people on mass media platform are feeling of depression and isolation caused by being away from family and friends, some are complaining of losing their enthusiasm, some of gaining weight, some of losing it and many more. Going through a pandemic is also helping people in some or the other way, one of which is being concerned about their health and habits to keep themselves fit and away from serious comorbidities which can stem out from physical inactivity and heightened stress levels. There are many ways to stay fit at home without any complex gym equipment, but far less is known about it. Thus, an understanding of methods through which one can become physically active with least complexity, easy availability, and appropriate utilization is need of the hour.

Investigating a Message Tailoring Strategy to Improve Efficacy of Activity Promotion Interventions: A Study Protocol (Preprint)

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leila Sadat Rezai ◽  
Catherine Marie Burns
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Regulatory Focus ◽  
Message Framing ◽  
Physical Activity Behaviour ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Regulatory Focus Theory ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Activity Promotion ◽  
Focus Theory

BACKGROUND There have been challenges in designing effective behaviour-change interventions, including those that promote physical activity. One of the key reasons is that many of those systems do not account for individuals’ characteristics and their psychological differences, which affect their approach toward adopting target behaviour. For decades, tailoring has been used as a common technique to effectively communicate health-related information to persuade people to follow a healthier living. However, its use in the design of persuasive technologies has not been adequately investigated. OBJECTIVE The objective of this research is to explore the effects of tailoring when it is grounded in Higgins’ regulatory focus theory. METHODS A combination of cross-sectional and longitudinal studies has been proposed to examine how individuals’ intention to become more physically active would be affected by receiving health messages that may or may not match their self-regulatory orientation. The research would also subjectively, as well as objectively, measures the changes in individuals’ physical activity level. RESULTS The anticipated completion date for the consequent studies is December 2016. CONCLUSIONS In this article, the importance of refining message-framing research questions and a stepwise approach to develop an efficient experimental design to examine a new tailoring strategy is discussed. A set of small studies is proposed that would inform the best approach to design the principal experiment. The findings of principal experiment will provide a deeper insight into the relationship between regulatory-focus theory, persuasive message construction, and individuals’ physical activity behaviour.

The impact of supervised exercise intervention on short-term postprogram leisure time physical activity level in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy: 1- and 3-month follow-up on the body & cancer project

2006 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
JULIE MIDTGAARD ◽  
ANDERS TVETERÅS ◽  
MIKAEL RØRTH ◽  
REINHARD STELTER ◽  
LIS ADAMSEN
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Physical Activity Level ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Exercise Adherence ◽  
The Body ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Supervised Exercise ◽  
Cancer Project

Background:Exercise is becoming an important component of cancer rehabilitation programs. A consistent finding across studies is that patients experience improved physical fitness and reduced fatigue. However, sustained physical activity is essential if the benefits are to be preserved over the course of cancer survivorship.Objective:This study examined self-reported short-term exercise adherence following a 6-week, supervised exercise program (muscle strength, cardiovascular fitness, relaxation, body awareness, and massage) in a heterogeneous group of 61 cancer patients (mean age 42.9 years, 82% oncological and 18% haematological) from the Body & Cancer Project.Methods:Semistructured interviews were used to quantitatively assess leisure time physical activity level 1 and 3 months after completion of the program. The study furthermore included 3-month follow-up assessment of psychological distress (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale—HADS). Patient statements were selected that best illustrated trends found in the statistical material.Results:There was a significant postprogram reduction in physical activity from 6 to 10 weeks and from 6 to 18 weeks. However, the patients (half of whom were still undergoing treatment at the time of follow-up) reported a higher physical activity level postprogram compared to their baseline levels. The analyses showed a positive association between the 3-month postprogram physical activity level and pre-illness physical activity level, treatment, and postprogram changes in depression.Significance of research:Given the significant decrease in postprogram PA level, especially in subjects still undergoing cancer treatment, the study suggests that continuous supervised programs may be required in order to encourage and support exercise adherence in this population. However, randomized clinical controlled trials and more follow-up studies are needed to establish the optimal program length and content for sustained exercise adherence in cancer patients.

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