Data Lives

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rob Kitchin
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Human Values ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Digital Devices ◽  
Digital Ethics ◽  
Political Forces ◽  
Scientific Principles ◽  
Generate Process ◽  
The Many

How can we begin to grasp the scope and scale of our new data-rich world, and can we truly comprehend what is at stake? This book explores the intricacies of data creation and charts how data-driven technologies have become essential to how society, government and the economy work. Creatively blending scholarly analysis, biography and fiction, the book demonstrates how data are shaped by social and political forces, and the extent to which they influence our daily lives. The book begins with an overview of the sociality of data. Data-driven endeavours are as much a result of human values, desires, and social relations as they are scientific principles and technologies. The data revolution has been transforming work and the economy, the nature of consumption, the management and governance of society, how we communicate and interact with media and each other, and forms of play and leisure. Indeed, our lives are saturated with digital devices and services that generate, process, and share vast quantities of data. The book reveals the many, complex, contested ways in which data are produced and circulated, as well as the consequences of living in a data-driven world. The book concludes with an exploration as to what kind of data future we want to create and strategies for realizing our visions. It highlights the need to enact 'a digital ethics of care', and to claim and assert 'data sovereignty'. Ultimately, the book reveals our data world to be one of potential danger, but also of hope.

Data Stories

2021 ◽  
pp. 3-14
Author(s):  
Rob Kitchin
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Human Values ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Digital Devices ◽  
Scientific Principles ◽  
Generate Process ◽  
Technical Systems

This chapter provides an overview of the sociality of data. Data-driven endeavours are not simply technical systems, but are socio-technical systems. That is, they are as much a result of human values, desires, and social relations as they are scientific principles and technologies. The sociality of data is also evident with respect to how we have come to live with data. The data revolution has been transforming work and the economy, the nature of consumption, the management and governance of society, how we communicate and interact with media and each other, and forms of play and leisure. Indeed, our lives are saturated with digital devices and services that generate, process, and share vast quantities of data. This book reveals the myriad, complex, contested ways in which data are produced and circulated, as well as the consequences of living in a data-driven world.

scholarly journals Co-Housing Response to Social Isolation of COVID-19 Outbreak, with a Focus on Gender Implications

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 7203
Author(s):  
Emanuele Giorgi ◽  
Lucía Martín Martín López ◽  
Rubén Garnica-Monroy ◽  
Aleksandra Krstikj ◽  
Carlos Cobreros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Isolation ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Social Impacts ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Design Considerations ◽  
Social Habits

COVID-19 forced billions of people to restructure their daily lives and social habits. Several research projects have focused on social impacts, approaching the phenomenon on the basis of different issues and scales. This work studies the changes in social relations within the well-defined urban-territorial elements of co-housing communities. The peculiarity of this research lies in the essence of these communities, which base their existence on the spirit of sharing spaces and activities. As social distancing represented the only effective way to control the outbreak, the research studied how the rules of social distancing impacted these communities. For this reason, a questionnaire was sent to 60 communities asking them to highlight the changes that the emergency imposed on the members in their daily life and in the organization of common activities and spaces. A total of 147 responses were received and some relevant design considerations emerged: (1) the importance of feeling part of a “safe” community, with members who were known and deemed reliable, when facing a health emergency; and (2) the importance of open spaces to carry out shared activities. Overall, living in co-housing communities was evaluated as an “extremely positive circumstance” despite the fact that the emergency worsened socialization.

scholarly journals Rotary Triboelectric Nanogenerators as a Wind Energy Harvester

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2S7) ◽  
pp. 321-327
Keyword(s):  
Wind Energy ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Renewable Energy Technologies ◽  
Energy Technologies ◽  
Normal Environment ◽  
Self Powered ◽  
Triboelectric Nanogenerators ◽  
The Many ◽  
Near Future

The present scenario of the world reflects the problem of energy crisis it is facing today. Increasing emissions of harmful gases like various byproducts produced by burning fossil fuels and other flue gases are adding to the worsening environmental conditions. Hence, the need of replenishable and non-conventional sources of energy is more than ever before. TENG or triboelectric nanogenerators show great potential and can be at the frontier of renewable energy technologies in the near future. Among the many applications of TENG as a harvester of abundant environmental energy, the Rotary TENG or the R-TENG is a fascinating newly found type of the same. Rotary TENG has the ability of utilizing the energy present in abundant amount in the environment, like wind energy available in the normal environment of living. Wind speed can also be measured with the help of rotary TENG when used as a self powered sensing elements. This growing field of nanotechnology can be further used in the daily lives of people in coming days.

scholarly journals Twelve Agendas on Interacting with Information: A Human-Engaged Computing Perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 191-199
Author(s):  
Chen Wang ◽  
Xiaojun (Jenny) Yuan ◽  
Xiangshi Ren
Keyword(s):  
Personal Development ◽  
Human Interaction ◽  
Good Opportunity ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
Symbiotic Relationships ◽  
Digital Devices ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Information Interaction ◽  
The Many ◽  
Current Paradigm

AbstractDuring the coronavirus global pandemic crisis, we have received information from authentic and inauthentic sources. Fake news, continuous rumors, and prejudiced opinions from digital platforms and social media have the capacity to disrupt social harmony, to stall personal development, and to undermine trust on all levels of human interaction. Despite the wide plurality of perspectives, the diversity of contents, the variety of voices, and the many often-conflicting reasons for publishing, our interactions with information on digital devices are progressively shaping such situations and affecting decisions on all levels. We look at the limitations of existing designs and guidelines in the current paradigm, and we ask to what extent researchers and developers can focus and contribute, through their innovations, to the reduction of uncertainty and cases of misdirection, how they can mitigate tensions between information and humans, and how they can contribute to the maintenance and enhancement of worthy human values. Human-engaged computing (HEC) calls for innate user capacities to be enhanced rather than displaced by digital technologies so that the human factor in interactions is fully exploited and truly efficient symbiotic relationships between humans and devices can be achieved. Under the framework of HEC, we propose 12 research agendas from the theoretical, principled, and practical aspects, in order to develop future synergized interactions between humans and information. The present crisis presents us with a good opportunity to reflect on the need to empower humans in relation to the tools they use and to consider the next paradigm shift for designing information interaction.

Imagining

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel D. Hutto ◽  
Erik Myin
Keyword(s):  
States Of Mind ◽  
Material Engagement Theory ◽  
Standard Assumption ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Specific Content ◽  
Engagement Theory ◽  
Cognitive Work ◽  
Hybrid Account ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Right

Chapter 8 challenges the standard assumption that all imagination must be representational by showing that it is easier to understand the most fundamental kind of imaginings in terms of perceptual re-enactments that are wholly interactive and non-contentful in character. Combining REC with Material Engagement Theory, MET, it is revealed how basic, non-contentful imaginings might acquire their anticipatory and interactional profiles through embodied engagements with worldly offerings. Building on Langland-Hassan’s analysis of imaginative attitudes, the chapter goes on to develop a REC friendly hybrid account of nonbasic imaginings. Accordingly, the specific content and correctness conditions of nonbasic, hybrid imaginative attitudes arise from a combination of contentless sensory imaginings and the surrounding contentful attitudes of imaginers. It is argued that such hybrid states of mind have the right properties for explaining the many and varied kinds of cognitive work that imaginings do for us in our daily lives.

Digital Ethics as Translational Ethics

2022 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
David Danks
Keyword(s):  
Digital Technology ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Ethical Research ◽  
Digital Ethics ◽  
Ethical Decisions ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Practical Guidance ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Many

There are growing calls for more digital ethics, largely in response to the many problems that have occurred with digital technologies. However, there has been less clarity about exactly what this might mean. This chapter argues first that ethical decisions and considerations are ubiquitous within the creation of digital technology. Ethical analyses cannot be treated as a secondary or optional aspect of technology creation. This argument does not specify the content of digital ethics, though, and so further research is needed. This chapter then argues that this research must take the form of translational ethics: a robust, multi-disciplinary effort to translate the abstract results of ethical research into practical guidance for technology creators. Examples are provided of this kind of translation from principles to different types of practices.

scholarly journals Correlating Espresso Quality with Coffee-Machine Parameters by Means of Association Rule Mining

Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 100
Author(s):  
Daniele Apiletti ◽  
Eliana Pastor
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Association Rule ◽  
Association Rule Mining ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Rule Mining ◽  
Electronic Noses ◽  
Data Driven Approach ◽  
The Many ◽  
Coffee Machine

Coffee is among the most popular beverages in many cities all over the world, being both at the core of the busiest shops and a long-standing tradition of recreational and social value for many people. Among the many coffee variants, espresso attracts the interest of different stakeholders: from citizens consuming espresso around the city, to local business activities, coffee-machine vendors and international coffee industries. The quality of espresso is one of the most discussed and investigated issues. So far, it has been addressed by means of human experts, electronic noses, and chemical approaches. The current work, instead, proposes a data-driven approach exploiting association rule mining. We analyze a real-world dataset of espresso brewing by professional coffee-making machines, and extract all correlations among external quality-influencing variables and actual metrics determining the quality of the espresso. Thanks to the application of association rule mining, a powerful data-driven exhaustive and explainable approach, results are expressed in the form of human-readable rules combining the variables of interest, such as the grinder settings, the extraction time, and the dose amount. Novel insights from real-world coffee extractions collected on the field are presented, together with a data-driven approach, able to uncover insights into the espresso quality and its impact on both the life of consumers and the choices of coffee-making industries.

Collapsing Authority and ‘Arachnean’ Gods in Ovid's Baucis and Philemon (Met. 8.611-724)

Ramus ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-56
Author(s):  
Steven J. Green
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Jonathan Swift ◽  
John Dryden ◽  
Joseph Haydn ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Many

Among the many delightful stories woven into Ovid's Metamorphoses, the tale of Baucis and Philemon in Book 8—not found before Ovid—has long proven a favourite with many readers. Narrated by the elderly Lelex, the story goes that Jupiter and Mercury are wandering on earth from door to door in need of shelter; they are received by a pious old couple, Baucis and Philemon, who entertain them with their utmost hospitality; the gods later reveal themselves, punish the inhospitable neighbourhood and reward the pious couple with everlasting life by turning them into sacred trees. This popular story has been the subject of at least two lighthearted operas, by Joseph Haydn (18th century) and Charles-François Gounod (19th century); both Rubens (c.1620) and Rembrandt (1658) have depicted scenes from the story on canvas; elegant poetic translations have been written by John Dryden (1693) and Jonathan Swift (1709). It is not difficult to understand why this story has provided particular enjoyment for the reader. In a poem which too often presents the gods as indifferent to justice and indulgent in their basest desires, here is a story which celebrates the proper relationship between divine and mortal, and pulls on moral, almost Christian heart-strings. Many might agree with G. Karl Galinsky's observation that the story has the effect of ‘radiating so obviously the sort of kindly warmth which some of Ovid's readers would like to find in more of [Ovid's] myths and, one suspects, in their daily lives.’

Cooperative action between fishermen and inspectors in the Svalbard Zone

Polar Record ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 35 (194) ◽  
pp. 207-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geir Hønneland
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Action Theory ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Coast Guard ◽  
Cooperative Action ◽  
System A ◽  
The Social ◽  
Local Commons ◽  
The Many

AbstractThis article demonstrates that, similar to the many cases of self-regulation of local commons, it is in certain conditions also possible to manage an international ocean-fishery without the use of direct coercion. The case study from the Svalbard Zone supports the argument of cooperative action theory: that a limited number of participants, rules at least partly designed by the users themselves, and a system of graduated punishment contribute to compliance with established rules. Based on observational data as well as in-depth interviews with Norwegian and Russian fishermen in the area, it seems particularly fruitful to conceive of the Norwegian Coast Guard not only as a state enforcement body in the Svalbard Zone, but its representatives also as constituent parts of a social system, a ‘seafaring community,’ in the area. When, due to jurisdictional dispute, it has been impossible to rely fully on external regulation in the area, the Coast Guard has taken upon itself the role of the mediator, admittedly representing state interests, but nevertheless aimed at achieving consensus with the fishing fleet on important regulation issues. Hence, the internal authority of this Arctic Ocean fisheries lies above all in the interface between fishermen's and inspector's arguments, and in the social relations accompanying the exchange of professional opinions.

Embedding Cybersecurity Into Design Education: Increasing Designers’ Awareness of Cybersecurity Throughout the Design Process

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Euiyoung Kim ◽  
Jieun Kwon ◽  
JungKyoon Yoon ◽  
Alice M. Agogino
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Design Education ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Privacy And Security ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Digital Devices ◽  
Student Teams ◽  
Important Concern ◽  
Final Design ◽  
The University

Abstract As more digital devices with sensing capabilities are introduced into users’ daily lives, the risks of threats to data and privacy and security have increased. While cybersecurity has been acknowledged as an important concern in developing products with digital services, currently available design methodologies and practices offer limited effective guidance to designers to explicitly address cybersecurity issues. In this paper, we present a case study from a product design course at the University of California, Berkeley, where the course’s teaching team implemented an intervention in the form of cybersecurity-focused educational materials into the design process. The baseline and post-intervention survey results indicate that the cybersecurity intervention throughout the course had positively influenced the students’ awareness of cybersecurity (p < 0.001, SD = 0.79, 26% increase in score, Cohen’s d = 0.81). The intervention provoked the designers to consider and include aspects of cybersecurity in developing their design solutions throughout most of the design process. However, their increased awareness aside, the extent of the student teams considering cybersecurity had tapered off over the 6-week design course with little noticeable influence in the final design.

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