Near-infrared open-path measurement of CO_2 concentration in the urban atmosphere

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (11) ◽  
pp. 2568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hayato Saito ◽  
Naohiro Manago ◽  
Kenji Kuriyama ◽  
Hiroaki Kuze
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Urban Atmosphere ◽  
Open Path ◽  
Path Measurement

Measurement of greenhouse gas emissions from Australian feedlot beef production using open-path spectroscopy and atmospheric dispersion modelling

2008 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoë Loh ◽  
Deli Chen ◽  
Mei Bai ◽  
Travis Naylor ◽  
David Griffith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Software Package ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Atmospheric Dispersion ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
The North ◽  
Open Path ◽  
Gas Fluxes ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Fluxes ◽  
Beef Feedlots

Feedlot production of beef cattle results in concentrated sources of gas emissions to the atmosphere. Reported here are the preliminary results of a micrometeorological study using open-path concentration measurements to determine whole-of-feedlot emissions of methane (CH4) and ammonia (NH3). Tunable near-infrared diode lasers were used to measure line-averaged (150–400 m) open-path concentrations of CH4 and NH3. A backward Lagrangian stochastic model of atmospheric dispersion and the software package WindTrax were used to estimate greenhouse gas fluxes from the measured concentrations. We studied typical Australian beef feedlots in the north (Queensland) and south (Victoria) of the continent. The data from a campaign during summer show a range of CH4 emissions from 146 g/animal.day in Victoria to 166 g/animal.day in Queensland and NH3 emissions from 125 g/animal.day in Victoria to 253 g/animal.day Queensland.

Open path measurement of atmospheric pollutants using DOAS method

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel P. Geiko ◽  
Sergey S. Smirnov ◽  
Ignatii V. Samokhvalov
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Pollutants ◽  
Open Path ◽  
Path Measurement

scholarly journals Cavity Ring-Down Methane Sensor for Small Unmanned Aerial Systems

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Martinez ◽  
Thomas W. Miller ◽  
Azer P. Yalin
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Unmanned Aerial Systems ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Methane Sensor ◽  
Open Path ◽  
Low Mass ◽  
Aerial Systems ◽  
High Finesse ◽  
Cavity Ring Down

We present the development, integration, and testing of an open-path cavity ring-down spectroscopy (CRDS) methane sensor for deployment on small unmanned aerial systems (sUAS). The open-path configuration used here (without pump or flow-cell) enables a low mass (4 kg) and low power (12 W) instrument that can be readily integrated to sUAS, defined here as having all-up mass of <25 kg. The instrument uses a compact telecom style laser at 1651 nm (near-infrared) and a linear 2-mirror high-finesse cavity. We show test results of flying the sensor on a DJI Matrice 600 hexacopter sUAS. The high sensitivity of the CRDS method allows sensitive methane detection with a precision of ~10–30 ppb demonstrated for actual flight conditions. A controlled release setup, where known mass flows are delivered, was used to simulate point-source methane emissions. Examples of methane plume detection from flight tests suggest that isolated plumes from sources with a mass flow as low as ~0.005 g/s can be detected. The sUAS sensor should have utility for emissions monitoring and quantification from natural gas infrastructure. To the best of our knowledge, it is also the first CRDS sensor directly deployed onboard an sUAS.

Quantum cascade laser based sensor for open path measurement of atmospheric trace gases

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Deng ◽  
Juan Sun ◽  
Ningwu Liu ◽  
Junya Ding ◽  
Zhou Chao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Cascade Laser ◽  
Trace Gases ◽  
Atmospheric Trace Gases ◽  
Quantum Cascade ◽  
Open Path ◽  
Path Measurement

scholarly journals Intercomparison of Open-Path Trace Gas Measurements with Two Dual Frequency Comb Spectrometers

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleanor M. Waxman ◽  
Kevin C. Cossel ◽  
Gar-Wing Truong ◽  
Fabrizio R. Giorgetta ◽  
William C. Swann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Absorption Spectra ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Frequency Comb ◽  
Deuterated Water ◽  
Dual Frequency ◽  
Measurement Campaign ◽  
Diurnal Cycles ◽  
Open Path ◽  
Local Sources ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2

Abstract. We present the first quantitative intercomparison between two open-path dual comb spectroscopy (DCS) instruments which were operated across adjacent 2-km open-air paths over a two-week period. We used DCS to measure the atmospheric absorption spectrum in the near infrared from 6021 to 6388 cm−1 (1565 to 1661 nm), corresponding to a 367 cm−1 bandwidth, at 0.0067 cm−1 sample spacing. The measured absorption spectra agree with each other to within 5 × 10−4 without any external calibration of either instrument. The absorption spectra are fit to retrieve concentrations for carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), water (H2O), and deuterated water (HDO). The retrieved dry mole fractions agree to 0.14 % (0.57 ppm) for CO2, 0.35 % (7 ppb) for CH4, and 0.40 % (36 ppm) for H2O over the two-week measurement campaign, which included 23 °C outdoor temperature variations and periods of strong atmospheric turbulence. This agreement is at least an order of magnitude better than conventional active-source open-path instrument intercomparisons and is particularly relevant to future regional flux measurements as it allows accurate comparisons of open-path DCS data across locations and time. We additionally compare the open-path DCS retrievals to a WMO-calibrated cavity ringdown point sensor located along the path with good agreement. Short-term and long-term differences between the two systems are attributed, respectively, to spatial sampling discrepancies and to inaccuracies in the current spectral database used to fit the DCS data. Finally, the two-week measurement campaign yields diurnal cycles of CO2 and CH4 that are consistent with the presence of local sources of CO2 and absence of local sources of CH4.

scholarly journals A simulation process of tunable open path diode laser spectrometer to detect a carbon monoxide gas in NIR region

2022 ◽  
Vol 961 (1) ◽  
pp. 012081
Author(s):  
Ruaa Kahtan Mahmood ◽  
Samira Adnan Mehdi
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Diode Laser ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Second Harmonic ◽  
Wave Length ◽  
Tunable Diode Laser ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Laser Spectrometer ◽  
Diode Laser Spectrometer ◽  
Open Path

Abstract By modifying the wavelength of the open path tunable diode laser spectrometer (TDLS) in the near infrared region, theoretical research was implemented to improve the detection limit of carbon monoxide gas. To adjust the correct wavelength in the NIR area, MatLab code was created. Following that, frequency domain measurements were performed in order to extract the second harmonic as an indicator of gas presence. According to the results, the correct wave length in the NIR area is (1584.877 nm), and the lowest limit of CO gas concentration is (0.012 ppb).

Measurement of VOCs using open-path mid-infrared dual comb spectroscopy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Cossel ◽  
Eleanor Waxman ◽  
Fabrizio Giorgetta ◽  
Esther Baumann ◽  
Jacob Friedlein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Fires ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Mid Infrared ◽  
Gas Drilling ◽  
Open Path ◽  
Improved Stability ◽  
Path Lengths ◽  
Frequency Calibration ◽  
Trace Constituents

&lt;p&gt;Open-path measurements of atmospheric gas species over km-scale path lengths are well suited to quantify emissions from sources like oil and gas, forest fires, and industry. is a relatively new technique that combines high-resolution and broad spectral coverage with no instrument lineshape and near perfect frequency calibration. These features have enabled open-path DCS to provide accurate measurements of multiple trace gas species simultaneously in the near-infrared across path lengths ranging from 100 m to several km. However, in order to reach the sensitivity necessary to detect many atmospheric trace constituents, including volatile organic compounds (VOCs), operation in the mid-infrared (or UV/Vis) is required.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Here, we show a mid-infrared open-path dual comb spectrometer operating in the 3-4 and 4.5-5 &amp;#956;m spectral regions. We have used this spectrometer to measure methane, ethane, and propane (arising primarily from oil and gas activity) across a 1-km-long path in Boulder, CO for 1 week with an ethane sensitivity of &amp;#8764;0.1 ppb for a 2-minute time resolution. In addition, we show quantitative measurements of intentionally released acetone and isopropanol with a 1-&amp;#963; sensitivity of 5.7 ppm&amp;#183;m and 2.4 ppm&amp;#183;m, respectively. In the 4.5-5 &amp;#956;m region, we have used this system to detect N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O, CO, and O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;. Finally, we have developed a second-generation instrument in the 3-4 &amp;#956;m region that is more compact and has improved stability. This system was recently deployed in a van at an active oil and gas drilling operation. We present preliminary measurements of methane, ethane, and higher hydrocarbons from this deployment as well as initial efforts at emissions quantification.&lt;/p&gt;

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