scholarly journals Anticipation-induced delta phase reset improves human olfactory perception

PLoS Biology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. e3000724
Author(s):  
Ghazaleh Arabkheradmand ◽  
Guangyu Zhou ◽  
Torben Noto ◽  
Qiaohan Yang ◽  
Stephan U. Schuele ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Olfactory Perception ◽  
Phase Reset ◽  
Delta Phase

Delta phase reset predicts conflict-related changes in P3 amplitude and behavior

2020 ◽  
Vol 1730 ◽  
pp. 146662 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Rawls ◽  
Vladimir Miskovic ◽  
Connie Lamm
Keyword(s):  
Phase Reset ◽  
Delta Phase ◽  
P3 Amplitude ◽  
And Behavior

The Nature of Delta Phase Precipitation in Inconel 718

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 724-725
Author(s):  
L. S. Lin ◽  
C. C. Law
Keyword(s):  
Inconel 718 ◽  
Base Alloy ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Physical Metallurgy ◽  
Nickel Base Alloy ◽  
Phase Precipitation ◽  
Weight Percentage ◽  
Delta Phase ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Nickel Base

Inconel 718, a precipitation hardenable nickel-base alloy, is a versatile high strength, weldable wrought alloy that is used in the gas turbine industry for components operated at temperatures up to about 1300°F. The nominal chemical composition is 0.6A1-0.9Ti-19.OCr-18.0Fe-3Mo-5.2(Cb + Ta)- 0.1C with the balance Ni (in weight percentage). The physical metallurgy of IN 718 has been the subject of a number of investigations and it is now established that hardening is due, primarily, to the formation of metastable, disc-shaped γ" an ordered body-centered tetragonal structure (DO2 2 type superlattice).

Observation of pseudo 10-fold symmetry in the ordered iron-zinc delta phase

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-37
Author(s):  
L. A. Giannuzzi ◽  
A. S. Ramani ◽  
P. R. Howell ◽  
H. W. Pickering ◽  
W. R. Bitler
Keyword(s):  
Single Phase ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Rich Region ◽  
Average Cell ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Delta Phase ◽  
Cell Dimensions ◽  
Δ Phase ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
Concentration Discontinuity

The δ phase is a Zn-rich intermetallic, having a composition range of ∼ 86.5 - 92.0 atomic percent Zn, and is stable up to 665°C. The stoichiometry of the δ phase has been reported as FeZn7 and FeZn10 The deviation in stoichiometry can be attributed to variations in alloy composition used by each investigator. The structure of the δ phase, as determined by powder x-ray diffraction, is hexagonal (P63mc or P63/mmc) with cell dimensions a = 1.28 nm, c = 5.76 nm, and 555±8 atoms per unit cell. Later work suggested that the layer produced by hot-dip galvanizing should be considered as two distinct phases which are characterized by their morphological differences, namely: the iron-rich region with a compact appearance (δk) and the zinc-rich region with a columnar or palisade microstructure (δp). The sub-division of the δ phase was also based on differences in diffusion behavior, and a concentration discontinuity across the δp/δk boundary. However, work utilizing Weisenberg photographs on δ single crystals reported that the variation in lattice parameters with composition was small and hence, structurally, the δk phase and the δp phase were the same and should be thought of as a single phase, δ. Bastin et al. determined the average cell dimensions to be a = 1.28 nm and c = 5.71 nm, and suggested that perhaps some kind of ordering process, which would not be observed by x-ray diffraction, may be responsible for the morphological differences within the δ phase.

scholarly journals Odor hedonics coding in the vertebrate olfactory bulb

2021 ◽  
Vol 383 (1) ◽  
pp. 485-493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florence Kermen ◽  
Nathalie Mandairon ◽  
Laura Chalençon
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Olfactory Bulb ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Olfactory Perception ◽  
Hedonic Value ◽  
Odor Hedonics ◽  
The Brain

AbstractWhether an odorant is perceived as pleasant or unpleasant (hedonic value) governs a range of crucial behaviors: foraging, escaping danger, and social interaction. Despite its importance in olfactory perception, little is known regarding how odor hedonics is represented and encoded in the brain. Here, we review recent findings describing how odorant hedonic value is represented in the first olfaction processing center, the olfactory bulb. We discuss how olfactory bulb circuits might contribute to the coding of innate and learned odorant hedonics in addition to the odorant’s physicochemical properties.

scholarly journals Olfactory perception of food abundance regulates dietary restriction-mediated longevity via a brain-to-gut signal

Nature Aging ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-268
Author(s):  
Bi Zhang ◽  
Heejin Jun ◽  
Jun Wu ◽  
Jianfeng Liu ◽  
X. Z. Shawn Xu
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Restriction ◽  
Food Abundance ◽  
Olfactory Perception

scholarly journals Odor response adaptation in Drosophila—a continuous individualization process

2021 ◽  
Vol 383 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-148
Author(s):  
Shadi Jafari ◽  
Mattias Alenius
Keyword(s):  
Sensory Neurons ◽  
Olfactory System ◽  
Multiple Time Scales ◽  
Multiple Time ◽  
Olfactory Perception ◽  
Adaptation Mechanisms ◽  
Metabolic States ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Olfactory Adaptation ◽  
Central Adaptation

AbstractOlfactory perception is very individualized in humans and also in Drosophila. The process that individualize olfaction is adaptation that across multiple time scales and mechanisms shape perception and olfactory-guided behaviors. Olfactory adaptation occurs both in the central nervous system and in the periphery. Central adaptation occurs at the level of the circuits that process olfactory inputs from the periphery where it can integrate inputs from other senses, metabolic states, and stress. We will here focus on the periphery and how the fast, slow, and persistent (lifelong) adaptation mechanisms in the olfactory sensory neurons individualize the Drosophila olfactory system.

scholarly journals Top-down control of visual cortex by the frontal eye fields through oscillatory realignment

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Domenica Veniero ◽  
Joachim Gross ◽  
Stephanie Morand ◽  
Felix Duecker ◽  
Alexander T. Sack ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Visual Perception ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Single Pulse ◽  
Frontal Eye Fields ◽  
Phase Reset ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Visual Areas ◽  
Beta Frequency

AbstractVoluntary allocation of visual attention is controlled by top-down signals generated within the Frontal Eye Fields (FEFs) that can change the excitability of lower-level visual areas. However, the mechanism through which this control is achieved remains elusive. Here, we emulated the generation of an attentional signal using single-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation to activate the FEFs and tracked its consequences over the visual cortex. First, we documented changes to brain oscillations using electroencephalography and found evidence for a phase reset over occipital sites at beta frequency. We then probed for perceptual consequences of this top-down triggered phase reset and assessed its anatomical specificity. We show that FEF activation leads to cyclic modulation of visual perception and extrastriate but not primary visual cortex excitability, again at beta frequency. We conclude that top-down signals originating in FEF causally shape visual cortex activity and perception through mechanisms of oscillatory realignment.

scholarly journals Recovery from Cogwheel Rigidity and Akinesia and Improvement in Vibration Sense and Olfactory Perception following Removal of an Epoxy-Oleic Acid DNA Adduct

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean A. Monro ◽  
John McLaren-Howard ◽  
Mussadiq Shah ◽  
Peter O. O. Julu ◽  
Basant K. Puri
Keyword(s):  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Modern Human ◽  
Dna Adduct ◽  
Olfactory Perception ◽  
Vibration Sense ◽  
Epoxy Fatty Acid ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Fried Foods ◽  
Epoxy Oleic Acid

The epoxy fatty acidcis-12,13-epoxy-oleic acid, which acts as a DNA adduct, may be generated during long-term storage of many seed oils, including those used in cooking, with frying oils and fried foods being a major source in the modern human diet. Removal of this epoxy fatty acid from the locus of theN-formyl peptide receptors was associated with recovery from cogwheel rigidity and akinesia as well as with improvement in vibration sense and olfactory perception.

Production site, partial composition and olfactory perception of a pheromone in the male hide beetle

1978 ◽  
Vol 65 (10) ◽  
pp. 543-545 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Z. Levinson ◽  
A. R. Levinson ◽  
T. -I. Jen ◽  
J. L. D. Williams ◽  
G. Kahn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Olfactory Perception ◽  
Production Site

Long-Term Electric Conductivity of (Nb,Y)-Doped Bi2O3 Solid Electrolytes for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

2012 ◽  
Vol 509 ◽  
pp. 111-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen Cheng J. Wei
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transformation ◽  
Solid Oxide Fuel Cells ◽  
Electric Conductivity ◽  
Solid Electrolytes ◽  
Solid Oxide ◽  
Oxide Fuel ◽  
Surface Evaporation ◽  
Delta Phase ◽  
Phase Retention

Two oxides, Y2O3 and Nb2O5, were doped into Bi2O3-based electrolyte in a composition of (Bi 1-x-y,Nb x,Y y)2O 3, where (x+y)=0.12 to 0.2 and the x:y ratio 3:1 to 1:3. The delta-phase retention, the oxygen vacancy order-disorder transformation, the ionic and electric conductivity were investigated by various techniques. The long-term conductivity of the dense electrolytes was determined showing moderate degradation due to phase transformation possible triggered by surface evaporation of Bi-oxide. The best retention of the conductivity is about 60% after 300 hr test.

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