Age-Related Toxoplasma gondii Seroprevalence in Dutch Wild Boar Inconsistent with Lifelong Persistence of Antibodies

The Eurasian wild boar (Sus scrofa) is a reservoir for pathogens that affect both humans and domestic animals. The control of these diseases requires the development of strategies such as oral vaccination of the reservoir species. The aim of the present study was to determine the species-specific visitation and removal rates of cereal-based baits under field conditions in an overabundant wild boar population. Two different field trials were conducted at a hunting estate. In one trial, baits were placed at track stations set up either randomly in the undeveloped portions of the estate or close to permanent wild boar feeding places. In the second trial, baits were placed in feeders that were selective for use by wild boar piglets. Both trials were conducted in summer 2007 and repeated in spring 2008. No evidence of attractant effect by the bait was found when comparing baited against control stations. A close proximity to the feeders was associated with an increased probability of being visited by wild boar, and piglet feeders were shown to be highly selective for young wild boar. Baits disappeared faster in summer than in spring (i.e. ~70% consumption after the first day in selective feeders in summer, and 40% in spring). Therefore, a combination of a summer season and selective feeders was found to be a potentially reliable bait-deployment strategy for wild boar juveniles under Mediterranean conditions. These results support the use of selective feeders for oral delivery of baits to 2–4-month-old wild boar piglets, which is the preferred age for vaccination. Our delivery technique based on selective piglet feeders also has potential for other uses in the Eurasian wild boar and wild pigs under different management conditions.

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Seroprevalence of Brucella Spp., Lepstospira Spp and Toxoplasma Gondii in wild boar (Sus scrofa) from Southern Brazil

10.31274/safepork-180809-346 ◽

2017 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Iara Maria Trevisol ◽

Beatris Kramer ◽

Arlei Coldebella ◽

Virginia Santiago Silva

Keyword(s):

Toxoplasma Gondii ◽

Wild Boar ◽

Sus Scrofa ◽

Southern Brazil

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Toxoplasma gondii in women of childbearing age and during pregnancy: seroprevalence study in Central and Southern Italy from 2013 to 2017

Parasite ◽

10.1051/parasite/2019080 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 27 ◽

pp. 2 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Daniela Fanigliulo ◽

Serena Marchi ◽

Emanuele Montomoli ◽

Claudia Maria Trombetta

Keyword(s):

Toxoplasma Gondii ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Southern Italy ◽

Central Italy ◽

Neonatal Infection ◽

Women Of Childbearing Age ◽

Childbearing Age ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Age Related ◽

Significant Difference

Toxoplasmosis is a worldwide health problem. Infection in pregnant women can result in severe fetal morbidity or in subclinical neonatal infection; most subclinical cases develop ocular and neurological sequelae. The purpose of this serological study was to assess the prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in two populations of women of childbearing age in Siena (Tuscany, Central Italy) and Bari (Apulia, Southern Italy) between 2013 and 2017 and in a group of pregnant women in Bari in 2016–2017. Serum samples were tested for the presence of specific anti-Toxoplasma gondii IgG antibodies by a commercially available ELISA test. The percentage of seropositive subjects in Bari was significantly higher than in Siena (22.4% vs. 12.4%) and an age-related trend was observed. A low prevalence of T. gondii infection (13.8%) was observed among the pregnant women tested. In addition to showing a significant difference between Central and Southern Italy, this study provides updated data on T. gondii seroprevalence in women during childbearing age and pregnancy. The results confirm a trend toward a decrease, especially in younger people and pregnant women.

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15. Seroprevalence of antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii in wild boar from Portugal

Trends in game meat hygiene ◽

10.3920/978-90-8686-238-2_15 ◽

2014 ◽

pp. 189-194

Author(s):

Catarina Coelho ◽

Madalena Vieira-Pinto ◽

João R. Mesquita ◽

Ana P. Lopes

Keyword(s):

Toxoplasma Gondii ◽

Wild Boar

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Serological evidence of Toxoplasma gondii in hunted wild boar from Portugal

Veterinary Parasitology ◽

10.1016/j.vetpar.2014.03.013 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 202 (3-4) ◽

pp. 310-312 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Catarina Coelho ◽

Madalena Vieira-Pinto ◽

Ana Sofia Faria ◽

Hélia Vale-Gonçalves ◽

Octávia Veloso ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Toxoplasma Gondii ◽

Wild Boar ◽

Serological Evidence

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Spatial distribution of anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibody-positive wild boars in Gifu Prefecture, Japan

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-96758-x ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Taizo Saito ◽

Yuko Kitamura ◽

Eiji Tanaka ◽

Itsuki Ishigami ◽

Yuji Taniguchi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Spatial Distribution ◽

Toxoplasma Gondii ◽

Wild Boar ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Residential Areas ◽

Wild Boars ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Depth Analysis ◽

Gifu Prefecture

AbstractToxoplasma gondii is a globally wide-spread parasite that infects almost all species of mammals and birds, including humans. We studied the spatial distribution of individual T. gondii-seropositive wild boar in Gifu Prefecture (10,621 km2), Japan. Altogether, 744 wild boars were captured at 663 points around human settlements in Gifu Prefecture. Serum samples were collected after recording the exact capture locations, along with each wild boar’s body length and sex. We then used a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit for swine to measure anti-T. gondii antibodies in these animals. Among the 744 wild boars, 169 tested positive for T. gondii (22.7%). No significant difference in T. gondii seroprevalence was observed between the mountainous northern region with high winter snow cover and the mild-wintered geographical plain of the southern part of the prefecture. In contrast, 8 of the 11 wild boars that were captured in a public park surrounded by residential areas showed T. gondii seropositivity (72.7%), a value significantly higher than those of the wild boar populations in the other prefecture areas. This in-depth analysis, which spans the big city suburbs and rural areas of a whole prefecture, explains the seroprevalence of zoonotic T. gondii in wild boar and has public health implications.

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High Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in Slovenian Wild Boars (Sus scrofa)

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani11113139 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (11) ◽

pp. 3139

Author(s):

Petra Bandelj ◽

Diana Žele Vengušt ◽

Rok Blagus ◽

Aleksandra Vergles Rataj ◽

Branko Krt

Keyword(s):

Toxoplasma Gondii ◽

Wild Boar ◽

National Level ◽

Human Infection ◽

Health Concern ◽

Wild Boars ◽

Zoonotic Parasite ◽

Wild Boar Meat ◽

Risk Of Exposure ◽

Great Public Health

Toxoplasma gondii is a zoonotic parasite of great public health concern. Wild boars could be considered an emerging source of toxoplasmosis in humans due to the popularity of venison and their increasing population. The aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of T. gondii in the Slovenian wild boar population and evaluate risk factors for human infection. Of 353 samples, 62% were positive for T. gondii using ELISA tests. This is the highest T. gondii seroprevalence reported to date in wild boar worldwide. The increase in prevalence with increasing age (p = 0.003) and weight (p = 0.002) were statistically significant, whereas gender was not (p = 0.781). Odds for being T. gondii-positive increased with age with the largest difference being between 2–3-year-old and 1–2-year-old animals (OR = 2.66, 95%CI: 1.03–6.85). Animals weighing 20–40 kg had a higher risk than animals weighing 0–20 kg (OR = 2.74, 95%CI: 1.21–6.20), whereas a further increase in the weight was not associated with increasing the odds. Due to the high Toxoplasma prevalence, the study concluded that the risk of exposure to T. gondii from handling raw or undercooked wild boar meat is high. Surveillance protocols should be established at the national level together with increased awareness within the hunting community.

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The formation of muscle tissue and its quality in wild and domestic pigs

Faktori eksperimental'noi evolucii organizmiv ◽

10.7124/feeo.v27.1320 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 27 ◽

pp. 164-168

Author(s):

A. M. Khokhlov ◽

D. I. Baranovskyi ◽

T. M. Danilova ◽

A. S. Fediaeva

Keyword(s):

Wild Boar ◽

Muscle Tissue ◽

Sus Scrofa ◽

Main Role ◽

Muscular System ◽

Large White ◽

Individual Muscle ◽

Age Related ◽

European Wild Boar ◽

Muscle Groups

Aim. The aim of the study is to determine the peculiarities of muscular system formation of wild European wild boar body (Sus scrofa ferus) in comparison with modern basic breeds of pigs: large white, large black and north Caucasian, which have both theoretical and practical value. Methods. Objects of research – piglets and adult animals of European wild boar and domestic animals. Our task is to study age-related changes of growth and development of individual muscle groups in piglets of large white breed and Sus scrofa ferus piglets at 50-70 days of age, as well as to research the physicochemical properties of muscle tissue due to domestication of pigs. Results. Domestication of pig is a complex process. European wild boar has been the genetic base of breed formation process in Europe over the past 10-12 thousand years. The main role in this process belongs to such genetic mechanisms as mutation, recombination, heredity, variability and selection. Studies have established that one of domestication regularities of muscular system in animals is the result of artificial selection at each stage of animal ontogenesis. Conclusions. Exterior-constitutional changes in the proportions of pig skeleton have occurred in the process of pigs domestication and selection, at a ratio of mass of individual muscle groups. It was found that during domestication and selection of pigs, the proportion of muscles of pelvic limb and sacral spine increases, the quality of meat changes. Keywords: domestication, species, ontogeny, breed, genotype.

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