Selective piglet feeders improve age-related bait specificity and uptake rate in overabundant Eurasian wild boar populations

2009 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Ballesteros ◽  
Ricardo Carrasco-García ◽  
Joaquín Vicente ◽  
Jesús Carrasco ◽  
Angelo Lasagna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wild Boar ◽  
Oral Delivery ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Wild Pigs ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Reservoir Species ◽  
Delivery Technique ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Species Specific

The Eurasian wild boar (Sus scrofa) is a reservoir for pathogens that affect both humans and domestic animals. The control of these diseases requires the development of strategies such as oral vaccination of the reservoir species. The aim of the present study was to determine the species-specific visitation and removal rates of cereal-based baits under field conditions in an overabundant wild boar population. Two different field trials were conducted at a hunting estate. In one trial, baits were placed at track stations set up either randomly in the undeveloped portions of the estate or close to permanent wild boar feeding places. In the second trial, baits were placed in feeders that were selective for use by wild boar piglets. Both trials were conducted in summer 2007 and repeated in spring 2008. No evidence of attractant effect by the bait was found when comparing baited against control stations. A close proximity to the feeders was associated with an increased probability of being visited by wild boar, and piglet feeders were shown to be highly selective for young wild boar. Baits disappeared faster in summer than in spring (i.e. ~70% consumption after the first day in selective feeders in summer, and 40% in spring). Therefore, a combination of a summer season and selective feeders was found to be a potentially reliable bait-deployment strategy for wild boar juveniles under Mediterranean conditions. These results support the use of selective feeders for oral delivery of baits to 2–4-month-old wild boar piglets, which is the preferred age for vaccination. Our delivery technique based on selective piglet feeders also has potential for other uses in the Eurasian wild boar and wild pigs under different management conditions.

scholarly journals Molecular and phenotypic analysis of rodent models reveals conserved and species-specific modulators of human sarcopenia

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastasiya Börsch ◽  
Daniel J. Ham ◽  
Nitish Mittal ◽  
Lionel A. Tintignac ◽  
Eugenia Migliavacca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Model Organisms ◽  
Sequencing Data ◽  
Phenotypic Analysis ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Analogous Data ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
And Function

AbstractSarcopenia, the age-related loss of skeletal muscle mass and function, affects 5–13% of individuals aged over 60 years. While rodents are widely-used model organisms, which aspects of sarcopenia are recapitulated in different animal models is unknown. Here we generated a time series of phenotypic measurements and RNA sequencing data in mouse gastrocnemius muscle and analyzed them alongside analogous data from rats and humans. We found that rodents recapitulate mitochondrial changes observed in human sarcopenia, while inflammatory responses are conserved at pathway but not gene level. Perturbations in the extracellular matrix are shared by rats, while mice recapitulate changes in RNA processing and autophagy. We inferred transcription regulators of early and late transcriptome changes, which could be targeted therapeutically. Our study demonstrates that phenotypic measurements, such as muscle mass, are better indicators of muscle health than chronological age and should be considered when analyzing aging-related molecular data.

scholarly journals Age-Related Toxoplasma gondii Seroprevalence in Dutch Wild Boar Inconsistent with Lifelong Persistence of Antibodies

PLoS ONE ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. e16240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marieke Opsteegh ◽  
Arno Swart ◽  
Manoj Fonville ◽  
Leo Dekkers ◽  
Joke van der Giessen
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Wild Boar ◽  
Age Related

Note on Preliminary Field Trials of a Bacterium to Control the Codling Moth

1953 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. M. Phillips ◽  
Gordon E. Bucher ◽  
June M. Stephens
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Codling Moth ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Set Up

A bacterium, Bacillus cereus F. and F., which was isolated from diseased larvae of the codling moth, Carpocapsa pomonella (L.), is pathogenic to the codling moth in laboratory experiments (Stephens, 1952).A series of trials was set up at Kentville to test the effectiveness of this bacterium against codling moth larvae in the field. B. cereus spores were propagated according to the method of Reed and McKercher (1948) and shipped to the field as spore suspensions.

scholarly journals Ciprofloxacin loaded castor oil based emulsion: Its antimicrobial, hematotoxicity and soft tissue pathophysiological study in Wister rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Bamisaye ◽  
C. O. Eromosele ◽  
E. O. Dare ◽  
O. A. Akinloye
Keyword(s):  
Oral Delivery ◽  
Castor Oil ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Blood Chemistry ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Hematological Indices ◽  
Control Set ◽  
Set Up ◽  
And Control ◽  
Histological Architecture

The emergence of nanocarrier for drug delivery has been flanked with great achievements in the field of nanomedicine. It is however unsafe to assume their toxicological safety. This necessitated examining the toxico-dynamics of ciprofloxacin loaded castor oil based emulsion (COAB+Cp). The emulsions were prepared by mechano-chemical process. The effects of 10 mL per kg of body-weight (BW) of COAB+Cp was estimated in Adult Wistar rats (n=10) for 21 days vis-à-vis a control set up, treated with equal volume of distilled water. The biochemical and haematological parameters were conducted with histopathology of the heart, kidney, spleen and liver. Also, the antimicrobial study on Bacillus. Subtilis (BS) was carried out using the agar well diffusion method. No observable abnormal change in BW gain of both test and control animals. Treatment of animals with COAB+Cp did not cause any observable significant change at P > 0.05 in the blood-chemistry parameters and hematological indices. The photopathological examinations indicates that the histological architecture of vital organs (heart, liver, kidney and spleen) was not compromised in COAB+Cp treated animals. While the recorded value of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of COAB+Cp corroborated its mean zone of inhibition (ZI) values, signifying a better bioactivity of COAB+Cp compared to Cp on BS. COAB+Cp has no cardiotoxic, hematotoxic and hepatotoxic effects on Wistar rats, with increased potency of the encapsulated Cp thus appears promising as a safe vehicle for oral delivery of ciprofloxacin.

scholarly journals The effects of fertilization on the protein related properties of winter wheat

2013 ◽  
pp. 67-69
Author(s):  
Mariann Móré ◽  
Zita Burján ◽  
Zoltán Győri ◽  
Péter Sipos
Keyword(s):  
Field Trials ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Mineral Fertilization ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Gluten Content ◽  
Protein Properties ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The University ◽  
Gluten Index

The yield and quality of wheat are mainly determined by the plant production system, thus we studied the effect of mineral fertilization. The field trials were set up in 1983 at the Látókép Research Institute of the University of Debrecen. We examined effect of different Nfertilizer doses (60 kg ha-1 N/P/K, 120 kg ha-1 N/P/K) on Lupus, Mv Toldi and GK Csillag's protein properties in 2012. During the tests, three quality parameters were determined: wet gluten content (%), wet gluten spread (mm/h) and gluten index (%). In the experiment the effect of different doses of N-fertilizers significantly influenced by the wet gluten content and gluten index of Lupus.

Gene expression changes in spleens of the wildlife reservoir species, Eurasian wild boar (Sus scrofa), naturally infected with Brucella suis biovar 2

2010 ◽  
Vol 37 (11) ◽  
pp. 725-736 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth C. Galindo ◽  
Pilar M. Muñoz ◽  
María J. de Miguel ◽  
Clara M. Marin ◽  
Javier Labairu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Wild Boar ◽  
Sus Scrofa ◽  
Reservoir Species ◽  
Brucella Suis ◽  
Wildlife Reservoir

Temperature as a key factor for successful inoculation of soybean with Bradyrhizobium spp. under cool growing conditions in Belgium

2018 ◽  
Vol 156 (4) ◽  
pp. 493-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Pannecoucque ◽  
S. Goormachtigh ◽  
J. Ceusters ◽  
J. Debode ◽  
C. Van Waes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Trials ◽  
Protein Yield ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Rhizobial Symbiosis ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Biological Nitrogen ◽  
Intermediate Performance

AbstractBacterial inoculation of soybean seeds to improve biological nitrogen fixation is a well-known practice to achieve higher seed and protein yield with reduced fertilization. The optimal inoculation strategy in temperate regions is unknown because soybeans are rarely cultivated under colder growing conditions. The aim of the present work was to determine the most suitable inoculation strategy for soybean cultivation in Belgium. Field trials were set up with four Bradyrhizobium inoculants (HiStick, Force 48, Biodoz and Optimize) at two locations over 2 years (2014–2015) and compared with a non-inoculated control treatment. In addition, HiStick was tested at three doses and Optimize at two time periods prior to sowing. Under Belgian conditions, all inoculants were effective in establishing rhizobial symbiosis, resulting in increased yield, protein content, protein yield and thousand-grain weight compared with the non-inoculated control. A single dose of HiStick was sufficient to establish symbiosis. Pre-inoculation with Optimize 2 weeks before sowing gave an intermediate performance for most parameters between the non-inoculated control treatment and inoculation with Optimize 24 h prior to sowing. Among the four products tested, Biodoz seemed the best product for inoculation under cool growing conditions. Based on the atpD gene, the bacterial strain of Biodoz showed complete similarity with Bradyrhizobium diazoefficiens, while strains of other products were identified as Bradyrhizobium japonicum. In vitro growing capacity of the Biodoz strain at 8 °C was higher compared with the other strains. Better cold adaptation of the Biodoz strain might be a possible explanation for the better performance of Biodoz in Belgium.

User Acceptance of Mobile Services

2008 ◽  
pp. 102-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eija Kaasinen
Keyword(s):  
Technology Acceptance ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Mobile Services ◽  
User Acceptance ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Evaluation Framework ◽  
Personal Mobile Devices ◽  
Interactive Services ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Acceptance Model

Personal mobile devices are increasingly being used as platforms for interactive services. User acceptance of mobile services is not just based on usability but includes also other interrelated issues. Ease of use is important, but the services should also provide clear value to the user and they should be trustworthy and easy to adopt. These user acceptance factors form the core of the Technology Acceptance Model for Mobile Services introduced in this chapter. The model has been set up based on field trials of several mobile services with altogether more than 200 test users. The model can be used as a design and evaluation framework when designing new mobile services.

Isolation and Insulation, 22000 BC–3000 BC

The Great Sea ◽  
2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Abulafia
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Homo Sapiens ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Human Species ◽  
American School ◽  
Wild Pigs ◽  
Classical Studies ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Two Populations

Carved out millions of years before mankind reached its coasts, the Mediterranean Sea became a ‘sea between the lands’ linking opposite shores once human beings traversed its surface in search of habitation, food or other vital resources. Early types of humans inhabited the lands bordering the Mediterranean 435,000 years before the present, to judge from evidence for a hunters’ camp set up near modern Rome; others built a simple hut out of branches at Terra Amata near Nice, and created a hearth in the middle of their dwelling – their diet included rhinoceros and elephant meat as well as deer, rabbits and wild pigs. When early man first ventured out across the sea’s waters is uncertain. In 2010, the American School of Classical Studies at Athens announced the discovery in Crete of quartz hand-axes dated to before 130,000 BC, indicating that early types of humans found some means to cross the sea, though these people may have been swept there unintentionally on storm debris. Discoveries in caves on Gibraltar prove that 24,000 years ago another species of human looked across the sea towards the mountain of Jebel Musa, clearly visible on the facing shore of Africa: the first Neanderthal bones ever discovered, in 1848, were those of a woman who lived in a cave on the side of the Rock of Gibraltar. Since the original finds were not immediately identified as the remains of a different human species, it was only when, eight years later, similar bones were unearthed in the Neander Valley in Germany that this species gained a name: Neanderthal Man should carry the name Gibraltar Woman. The Gibraltar Neanderthals made use of the sea that lapped the shores of their territory, for their diet included shellfish and crustaceans, even turtles and seals, though at this time a flat plain separated their rock caves from the sea. But there is no evidence for a Neanderthal population in Morocco, which was colonized by homo sapiens sapiens, our own branch of humanity. The Straits apparently kept the two populations apart.

IT-ASSIST

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claas Ahlrichs ◽  
Daniel Kohlsdorf ◽  
Michael Lawo ◽  
Gerrit Kalkbrenner
Keyword(s):  
Digital Media ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
User Interfaces ◽  
Social Communication ◽  
User Studies ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Hand Eye Coordination ◽  
Photo Editing ◽  
Set Up

IT-ASSIST is a twenty months research project which has the goal to give elderly people the opportunity to profit from digital media. Suffering from age related impairments concerning vision, hearing, or dexterity and bad hand-eye coordination are challenges when designing user interfaces for elderly people. Common approaches are trying to model systems for specific impairments. In this project, the authors follow the approach to set up interfaces and systems that can be used independent from personal impairments. Customization has adapted these systems to be in accordance with personnel impairments. Common applications like photo editing, digital mailing or internet browsing in a redesigned form provide social communication accordingly. In this article, a prototype of a customized user interface, its implementation, and results of user studies are presented and discussed.

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