scholarly journals A Quantitative Approach to the Prioritization of Zoonotic Diseases in North America: A Health Professionals’ Perspective

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. e72172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria Ng ◽  
Jan M. Sargeant
2008 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucijane Maria da Silva ◽  
José Franklin Alves de Lacerda ◽  
Ednaldo Cavalcante de Araújo ◽  
Ana Márcia Tenório de Souza Cavalcanti

ABSTRACTThis is about a descriptive, longitudinal epidemiological study, from quantitative approach, aiming at estimating the prevalence of smoking among professionals of Health Family Units at Camaragibe, Pernambuco (PE) - Brazil, for the implementation of the Tobacco Use Control Program. The population was from 370 health professionals, from 37 Health Family Units, and a team of the Program of Health Community Agents, and the sample from 315 professionals corresponded to 85,0% of this population. A questionnaire self-applicable was used to gather data, which were organized, analyzed and discussed according to literature. Results showed that there was predominance of female genre practitioners, that of the higher level are those that most smoking 32,7%; half of the nurses smoke less than 20 cigarettes a day, 50,0% of doctors smoke 20 cigarettes or more ones; 100% of assistant nursing smoke less than 20 cigarettes a day, 53,0% of health community agents smoke less than 20 cigarettes a day; on the attempt to stop smoking, 66,7% of nurses, 75,0% of doctors, 100% of the nursing assistants and 70,0% of the health community agents has made several attempts. According to this data should be considered in the strategies for the prevention of tobacco use among health professionals and the need to implement the of Tobacco Control Program at  Health Family Units, aiming at become Tobacco Free Environments with professionals trained to serve in the prevention and abandonment of the practice of smoking with users. Descriptors: prevalence; smoking; health professionals.RESUMOEstudo de natureza quantitativa, compõe-se em um inquérito epidemiológico, do tipo descritivo e transversal, com o objetivo principal de estimar a prevalência do tabagismo entre profissionais das Unidades de Saúde da Família de Camaragibe, Pernambuco (PE) - Brasil, visando à implementação de Medidas de Controle do Tabagismo. A população foi composta por 370 profissionais de 37 Unidades de Saúde da Família, e uma equipe do Programa de Agentes Comunitários de Saúde. A amostra de 315 profissionais correspondeu a 85,0% dessa população. A coleta de dados foi realizada com a utilização de um questionário auto-aplicável e os dados foram organizados, analisados e discutidos à luz da literatura. Dentre os resultados observou-se que houve predominância de profissionais do gênero feminino; que os de nível superior são os que mais praticam o tabagismo 32,7%; metade dos enfermeiros fuma menos de 20 cigarros por dia; 50% dos médicos fumam 20 cigarros ou mais; 100% dos auxiliares de enfermagem fumam menos de 20 por dia; 53,0% dos agentes comunitários fumam menos de 20 cigarros por dia; quanto à tentativa de parar de fumar, 66,7% dos enfermeiros, 75,0% dos médicos, 100% dos auxiliares de enfermagem e 70,0% dos agentes comunitários, já fizeram várias tentativas. Portanto, conclui-se que os resultados deste estudo devem ser considerados nas estratégias de prevenção do uso do tabaco entre os profissionais da saúde e a necessidade de implementar as Medidas de Controle do Tabagismo, nas Unidades de Saúde da Família, com o propósito de tornar Ambientes Livres do Cigarro com profissionais capacitados para atuarem na prevenção e desistência da prática do tabagismo com a clientela. Descritores: prevalência; tabagismo; profissionais de saúde.RESUMENEste fue un estudio descriptivo, longitudinal epidemiológico, de carácter cuantitativo, con el objetivo de estimar la prevalencia del tabaquismo entre los profesionales de las Unidades de Salud Familiar en Camaragibe, Pernambuco (PE) - Brasil, para la aplicación  del Programa de Control del Uso de Tabaco. La población se compone de 370 profesionales de la salud, de las 37 Unidades de Salud Familiar, y un equipo del Programa de Salud de Agentes de la Comunidad, y la muestra de 315 profesionales que corresponden a 85,0% de esta población. Un cuestionario de autoevaluación aplicable se utilizó para recopilar datos, que fueran organizados, analizados y discutieron de acuerdo con la literatura. Los resultados obtenidos indicaron que hubo predominio de los profesionales de género femenino, de que el nivel superior son los que más usan tabaco 32,7%; la mitad de las enfermeras fuman menos de 20 cigarrillos al día, 50,0% de los médicos fuman 20 cigarrillos o más; 100% de los auxiliares de enfermería fuman menos de 20 cigarrillos al día, 53,0% de los agentes comunitarios de salud fuma menos de 20 cigarrillos al dia; en el intento de dejar de fumar, el 66,7% de los enfermeros, 75,0% de los médicos, 100% de los asistentes de enfermería y 70,0% de los agentes comunitarios de salud ha hecho varios intentos. Según los datos de este estudio debe ser considerado en las estrategias para la prevención del consumo de tabaco entre los profesionales de la salud y la necesidad de aplicar el Programa de Control del Tabaco, en las Unidades Básicas de Salud Familiar, con el objetivo de convertirse en Ambientes Libres de Tabaco con profesionales entrenados para servir en la prevención y el abandono de La práctica de fumar com los usuarios. Descriptores: prevalencia; tabaquismo; los profesionales de la salud. 


2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Cláudia Mesquita ◽  
Cristina Mara Zamarioli ◽  
Emilia Campos De Carvalho

Aim: To investigate patents related to the invention of robots for use in nursing care. Method: An exploratory, descriptive study with a quantitative approach into the INPI, LATIPAT, Espacenet, USPTO, FPO, CIPO, JPO and WIPO databases, with no restrictions  regarding  the  publication  year  of  patents.  Results:  35  patents   were identified: 40% related to the creation of robots to aid in the mobility of patients; 28.5% regarding the development of robots to aid daily activities; 23% about robots created for physiological  assessment  and  monitoring  of  patients;   and  8.5%  regarding  those designed to participate in the process of patients’ rehabilitation. Conclusion: the patents related to the invention of robots for use in nursing care are, mostly, suited to the needs of elderly or disabled people. Also, the world regions more focused on the development of robotics in the field of health care are Asia, Europe and North America.


2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Sheyla Costa de Oliveira ◽  
Magdalena Oliveira Carvalho ◽  
Rosa Renata Angélica de Oliveira ◽  
Cândido Joice Luiza Alves ◽  
Priscilla Barbosa Gomes ◽  
...  

ABSTRACTObjective: to identify the knowledge of the health’s professionals on the Doulas and participation of them in the assistance to parturient. Methodology: this is about an exploratory and descriptive study from quantitative approach. Data were collected through a questionnaire. The population was composed for health’s professionals at a obstetrical center of a maternity in Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil. The intentional sample was composed by 35 health’s professionals; 17 doctors, 03 nurses and 15 technician/nurse aid. Simple statistics with absolute values for the calculation of ratio. Results: regards to the Doula word means, 47.82% (n=11) understand that Doula means woman who helps another woman; regards to activities developed before childbirth, the physical support through exercises and massages are the activity more cited with 71,42% (n=25) and the emotional support with 53,2% (n=17) among the activities in the childbirth room. The health professionals (22.85% (n=8)) cited that the Doulas offers the security and tranquillity the women in labor. Conclusion: It was observed a knowledgement on the Doula’s attributions in the handling of the support the woman in labor. To know the Doula’s role in the scene of the hospital contributes to integral humanity assistence. Describers: childbirth humanized; integral assistance; women; health; humanization care; hospital.RESUMOObjetivo: identificar o conhecimento de profissionais da saúde sobre as Doulas e sua participação na assistência à parturiente. Metodologia: estudo quantitativo, descritivo e exploratório, com coleta de dados primários, através de um questionário. A população foi composta por profissionais de saúde atuantes no centro obstétrico de uma maternidade do Recife. A amostra do tipo intencional foi composta por 35 profissionais da saúde dos quais 17 médicos, três enfermeiros e 15 técnicos/auxiliares de enfermagem. Para a análise dos dados foi utilizada estatística simples com valores absolutos para o cálculo de proporções. Resultados: com relação ao significado da palavra Doula, 47,82% (n=11) entendem que Doula significa mulher que ajuda outra mulher. Em relação às atividades desenvolvidas no pré-parto, o apoio físico através de exercícios e massagens é a atividade mais citada com 71,42% (n=25) e o apoio emocional aparece com 53,2% (n=17). Dentre os profissionais de saúde, 22,85% (n=8) refere que as Doulas oferecem segurança e tranqüilidade às parturientes. Conclusão: observa-se um conhecimento sobre as atribuições da Doula no manejo do apoio à parturiente. Conhecer o papel da Doula no cenário do parto hospitalar contribui na integralização da assistência humanizada do parto e nascimento. Descritores: parto humanizado; assistência integral; mulheres; saúde; humanização da assistência; hospital.RESUMENObjetivo: identificar al conocimiento de los profesionales de salud en el Doulas y de su participación en la ayuda a la mujer en trabajo de parto. Metodología: estudio exploratorio descriptivo e cuantitativo, con la colección de datos primarios a través de un cuestionario con preguntas abiertas y cerradas. Compusieron a la población para los profesionales de funcionamiento de la salud en el centro obstétrico de una maternidad de Recife. La muestra del tipo intencional con 35 profesionales de salud, siendo 17 doctores, 03 enfermeras y asistente de 15 técnicos/de la enfermegem. La estadística simple con los valores absolutos para el cálculo del cociente. Resultados: con respecto al significado de la palabra de Doula , 47.82% (n=11) entienden que Doula significa a mujer que ayuda a otra mujer. En las actividades desarrolladas en parturientas, la ayuda física con ejercicios y los masajes son la actividad citada más con el 71.42% (n=25) y la ayuda emocional aparece con el 53.2% (n=17) incorpora las actividades en el cuarto del parto. Los profesionales (22.85% (n=8)) de salud se relacionan que el Doulas ofrece a la seguridad y a la tranquilidad las mujeres en trabajo. Conclusión: un conocimiento se observa en las atribuciones del Doula en la dirección de la ayuda la mujer en trabajo. Saber el papel del Doula en la escena del parto del hospital contribuye a la ayuda humanizada del parto y del nacimiento. Describers: parto humanizado; ayuda integral; mujeres; salud; humanización de la asistencia; hospital.


Zoonotic diseases are characterized by significant morbidity and mortality in humans. In Nigeria, tragic effects of zoonotic diseases have been reported. This calls for a sustained collaboration among public health professionals to confront the ever-increasing challenges of managing zoonotic diseases. This study explores the perception of public health professionals about knowledge sharing and the absorptive capacity of health professionals in managing zoonotic diseases. Data were collected through a semi- structured interview. The analysis was done using qualitative content analysis. Findings revealed positive perception of public health professionals about knowledge sharing in managing zoonotic. Also, the study found that Public Health professionals acquire external knowledge for managing zoonotic disease through multidisciplinary networks and professional associations. The One Health initiative is one avenue where public health professionals can leverage on the strength and capacities of each other to respond competently to emerging health threats of zoonotic diseases.


2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 218-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niall Galbraith

SummaryThis paper introduces the reader to the characteristics of methamphetamine. Explored within are the drug's effects on those who consume it as well as the history and prevalence of its use. The highly addictive nature of methamphetamine is compounded by its affordability and the ease with which it is produced, with North America and East Asia having become established as heartlands for both consumption and manufacture. The paper discusses recent cultural depictions of the drug and also the role that mental health professionals may take in designing and delivering interventions to treat methamphetamine addiction.


2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 221-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank M. Dugan ◽  
Shari L. Lupien ◽  
Jinguo Hu

“Emerging crops” is a term typically applied to ethnic food plants or to plants used in traditional or ethnic medicine, some of which are becoming viable niche markets in North America. Information on crop protection of these plants is often scarce to lacking. Literature on diagnosis and management of fungal diseases of these crops in North America is concisely reviewed, with information gaps identified. Emphasis is placed on crops comprising recent niche markets for Asian, African, Oceanian, or Latino immigrants. Emerging crops are often tied to economic activities of immigrant populations. Crops of immigrants from Asia, Africa, Latin America, and Oceania are contrasted with crops established by immigrants of European origins, plants usually familiar to North American plant health professionals, and with Native American food and medicinal plants, some of which are experiencing a renaissance as emerging crops.


2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 387-397
Author(s):  
B. Issah ◽  
T. Ansah ◽  
H. A. Alagma

Cats and dogs are the most common household pets. Although their importance cannot be over emphasized, their interactions with humans may result in the infection of zoonotic diseases. The awareness of zoonosis is a prerequisite for an efficient disease prevention. The study was conducted to determine the awareness of zoonotic diseases among pet owners in Wa municipality. Interviews were conducted using a semi-structured questionnaire, among different groups of respondents within Wa municipality, consisting of two urban and two rural localities. Out of the 100 respondents who were interviewed, about 76 (76%) of the respondents indicated their awareness of zoonoses of dogs and cats. Majority (98.7%) of those who indicated their awareness of zoonoses of dogs and cats, could only mention rabies. Most (93.3%) of the respondents who stated rabies as zoonosis were able to list some of the symptoms of the disease. The overall results suggest that the level of knowledge of zoonoses of cats and dogs in Wa municipality is low. From the results, there is the need for awareness creation on zoonoses of dogs and cats as well as proper management of these pets, with efforts from veterinary, human and public health professionals as the main actors. Keywords: Awareness, Cat, dog, Knowledge, Zoonoses


1964 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 550-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurice T. James

AbstractThe Rhagio dimidiatus group in western North America consists of four species, all but one polytypic. Traditional taxonomic procedure has not been successfully applied to this complex, since the component taxa are variable and often poorly defined. Consequently, a quantitative approach, involving deme-by-deme comparison on the basis of the ten most significant differentiating characters, and interpreted in the light of geographic distribution, is used. The group is reviewed, a key presented, and the included forms described. New taxa are: R. maculifer styx, Montana, R. m. byersi, California, R. expansus expansus, Oregon, California, and R. e. franciscanus, California. R. dimidiatus albibarbis (Bigot) and R. maculifer concavus Leonard are given new status as subspecies.


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