Working memory reflects vulnerability to early life adversity as a risk factor for substance use disorder in the FKBP5 cortisol cochaperone polymorphism, rs9296158

ABSTRACT Objective The executive functions (EF) and emotion regulation (ER) and their relationship with the substance use disorder (SUD) were analyzed. Methods A cross-sectional design was used. The sample consisted of 130 volunteers divided into three groups: group 01 (n = 60), composed of participants who did not meet the diagnostic criteria for any type of SUD; group 02 (n = 51), with users with alcohol and/or tobacco use disorder; group 03 (n = 19), with users with multiple substance use disorder, including at least one illicit substance. Results Group 02 presented worse performance in EF and ER when compared to group 01, and showed a significant correlation between the working memory and the use of maladaptive ER. Group 03 showed great losses in EF and ER when compared to the other groups. Conclusion This study supports the idea that EF, ER and SUD are related. In addition, it was observed that people with SUD had worse performance in EF and ER when compared to people without SUD, greater damage being observed in people with SUD of polysubstances.

Download Full-text

Negative consequences of early-life adversity on substance use as mediated by corticotropin-releasing factor modulation of serotonin activity

Neurobiology of Stress ◽

10.1016/j.ynstr.2018.08.001 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

pp. 29-39 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Gina L. Forster ◽

Eden M. Anderson ◽

Jamie L. Scholl ◽

Jodi L. Lukkes ◽

Michael J. Watt

Keyword(s):

Substance Use ◽

Early Life ◽

Corticotropin Releasing Factor ◽

Negative Consequences ◽

Early Life Adversity

Download Full-text

Early-Life Adversity Interacts with FKBP5 Genotypes: Altered Working Memory and Cardiac Stress Reactivity in the Oklahoma Family Health Patterns Project

Neuropsychopharmacology ◽

10.1038/npp.2015.347 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 41 (7) ◽

pp. 1724-1732 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

William R Lovallo ◽

Mary-Anne Enoch ◽

Ashley Acheson ◽

Andrew J Cohoon ◽

Kristen H Sorocco ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Working Memory ◽

Early Life ◽

Stress Reactivity ◽

Family Health ◽

Early Life Adversity ◽

Cardiac Stress ◽

Health Patterns

Download Full-text

Addiction, inequality and recovery

Social Determinantsof Health ◽

10.1332/policypress/9781447336846.003.0006 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Jenny Svanberg

Keyword(s):

Substance Use ◽

Health Outcomes ◽

Health Inequalities ◽

Early Life ◽

Early Life Adversity ◽

Health Equality ◽

Societal Inequality ◽

Rich Countries ◽

The Impact

This chapter examines the impact of health inequalities on addiction and how the recommendations of the Marmot Review could influence recovery from addiction. The Marmot Review was tasked with devising strategies to reduce health inequalities in England, and rightly recognised that health equality requires a debate about what kind of society we want to live in. When considering societies as a whole, there is a clearer relationship between poor health outcomes and societal inequality; rich countries with a steep social gradient do worse than poorer, but more equal, countries. The chapter first provides an overview of factors that cause substance use and addiction before discussing the role of early life adversity in addiction and the link between inequality and addiction. More specifically, it explains how unequal societies lead to addiction and goes on to consider how society can support recovery from addiction.

Download Full-text