scholarly journals Prevalence, risk factors and health seeking behaviour of pulmonary tuberculosis in four tribal dominated districts of Odisha: Comparison with studies in other regions of India

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. e0227083
Author(s):  
Tahziba Hussain ◽  
Sushri Shanta Tripathy ◽  
Shritam Das ◽  
Prakasini Satapathy ◽  
Dasarathi Das ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Health Seeking Behaviour ◽  
Health Seeking

scholarly journals Prevalence, risk factors and health seeking behaviour of pulmonary tuberculosis in four tribal dominated districts of Odisha: comparison with studies in other regions of India

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tahziba Hussain ◽  
Sushri Shanta Tripathy ◽  
Shritam Das ◽  
Dasarathi Das ◽  
Beena Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Cold Chain ◽  
Reference Laboratory ◽  
Health Seeking Behaviour ◽  
Health Seeking ◽  
Sequential Approach ◽  
Study Sites

AbstractAimTo determine the prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis, socio-cultural practices and health seeking behaviour of tribal people in four districts of Odisha.MethodologyThis was an action research study with qualitative and quantitative design following a sequential approach implemented in a 4-phased manner. It was carried out in the 6 selected villages from July,2015 to June,2017. The screening for active TB among chest symptomatics is followed as per the guidelines of the (RNTCP) Revised National Tuberculosis Control Program in India.ResultsIn all, 1455 households were surveyed in the 6 tribal dominated villages of 4 districts, namely Balangir, Dhenkanal, Kandhmal and Mayurbhanj. Total population of the villages was 6681. Based on the eligibility, 5144 (97.7%) individuals were screened. About 139 (2.3%) could not be screened due to non-availability in their households during day time. Out of these, 126 chest symptomatic individuals were identified. Sputum samples were collected from these and sent to the National Reference Laboratory, RMRC, Bhubaneswar using public transport and maintaining cold chain. 35 patients were found to be having active TB disease. 18 were culture positive. The prevalence of pulmonary TB is 0.68%. The risk factors seemed to be ignorance about TB symptoms, addiction to alcoholic drinks, difficulty reaching the health facilities owing to the long distances, lack of communication and transport. In addition, other morbidities like Malaria, diabetes, hypertension, malnutrition, etc. were observed in the tribes of the study sites.ConclusionObserved prevalence suggests further strengthening of TB control program. This study is the first of its kind in this State.

scholarly journals Knowledge of Brucellosis, Health-Seeking Behaviour, and Risk Factors for Brucella Infection amongst Workers on Cattle Farms in Gauteng, South Africa

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1484
Author(s):  
Krpasha Govindasamy ◽  
Eric M. C. Etter ◽  
Bernice N. Harris ◽  
Jennifer Rossouw ◽  
Darrell A. Abernethy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Strong Evidence ◽  
Farm Workers ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Health Seeking Behaviour ◽  
Health Seeking ◽  
Cattle Farm ◽  
Brucella Infection ◽  
Cattle Farms

Brucellosis in humans is under-detected and underreported in sub-Saharan Africa. Risk factors associated with Brucella infection and health seeking behaviour in response to brucellosis-like symptoms, amongst cattle farm workers and veterinary officials in South Africa, are unknown. Farm workers and veterinary officials (N = 230) were screened for brucellosis using commercial Rose Bengal Test (RBT®), IgM Enzyme-linked Immunoassay (ELISA)®, IgG ELISA® and the BrucellaCapt® test. Knowledge of brucellosis and risk factors for exposure to Brucella were also investigated. Seroprevalence varied according to test used: 10.1% (RBT®), 20.9% (IgG ELISA®) and 6.5% (BrucellaCapt®). Only 22.2% (6/27) of veterinary officials opt to visit a clinic, doctor, or hospital in response to self-experienced brucellosis-like symptoms, compared to 74.9% (152/203) of farm workers (p < 0.001). Of the BrucellaCapt® seropositive participants, 53% (7/15) did not visit a clinic in response to brucellosis-like symptoms. Weak evidence of an association between the handling of afterbirth or placenta and infection of a short evolution (RBT®, IgM ELISA® and IgG ELISA® seropositive) was found (OR = 8.9, 95% CI: 1.0–81.1, p = 0.052), and strong evidence of an association between this outcome and the slaughter of cattle (OR = 5.3, 95% CI: 1.4–19.6, p = 0.013). There was strong evidence of a positive association between inactive/resolved infection and veterinary officials vs. farm workers exposed to seropositive herds (OR = 7.0, 95% CI: 2.4–20.2, p < 0.001), with a simultaneous negative association with the handling of afterbirth or placenta (OR = 3.9, 95% CI: 1.3–11.3, p = 0.012). Findings suggest a proportion of undetected clinical cases of brucellosis amongst workers on cattle farms in Gauteng.

scholarly journals Knowledge and Health Seeking Behaviour of Breast Cancer Patients in Ghana

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis Agbokey ◽  
Elorm Kudzawu ◽  
Mawuli Dzodzomenyo ◽  
Kenneth Ayuurebobi Ae-Ngibise ◽  
Seth Owusu-Agyei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Cultural Influences ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Health Providers ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Health Seeking Behaviour ◽  
Health Seeking

Background. Breast cancer is a major contributor to cancer-related deaths among women worldwide, despite the numerous measures employed to prevent and manage the disease. This study explored the knowledge and health seeking behaviour of breast cancer patients at the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital. Methods. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital in Kumasi, Ghana, from June 2014 to July 2014. Thirty-five participants were purposively selected. The responses to questions about their experiences with breast cancer were determined using indepth interviews. Transcripts were coded and analysed using NVIVO version 10.0. Results. Participants’ knowledge about signs and symptoms of breast cancer after their diagnosis was high but low for risk factors. Screening for breast cancer through self-breast examination was infrequently performed prior to their diagnosis. The patients’ first point of care was generally health facilities. Some patients reported late due to misinterpretation of signs and symptoms, cultural influences and fear of losing their breast to surgery, physician delay, health providers’ laxity, and disinterest in breast cancer. Men, for example, husbands, decide on where and when breast cancer patients go for treatment. Conclusion. There is poor knowledge of the risk factors for developing breast cancer. Patients resorted to the hospital as first options for cure but were generally delayed in doing so. There is the need to create awareness about breast cancer among the general population.

scholarly journals Diarrhoeal diseases in Soweto, South Africa, 2020: a community survey

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siobhan Johnstone ◽  
Nicola Page ◽  
Shabir Madhi ◽  
Portia Mutevedzi ◽  
Nellie Myburgh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Community Survey ◽  
Health Seeking Behaviour ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Health Seeking ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Clinical Surveillance ◽  
Household Members

Abstract Background In South Africa, there are limited data on the burden of diarrhoea at a community level, specifically in older children and adults. This community survey estimated rates of and risk factors for diarrhoea across all ages and determined the proportion of cases presenting to healthcare facilities. Methods Randomly sampled households were enrolled from an existing urban health and demographic surveillance site. A household representative was interviewed to determine risk factors and occurrence of diarrhoea in the household, for all household members, in the past two weeks (including symptoms and health seeking behaviour). Diarrhoeal rate of any severity was calculated for <5 years, 5-15 years and >15 years age groups. Risk factors for diarrhoea and factors associated with health seeking behaviour were investigated using binomial logistic regression. Results Diarrhoeal rate among respondents (2.5 episodes/person-year (95%CI, 1.8-3.5)) was significantly higher than for other household members (1.0 episodes/person-year (95%CI, 0.8-1.4); IRR=2.4 (95%CI, 1.5-3.7) p<0.001). Diarrhoeal rate was not significantly different between age groups, however younger children (<5 years) were more likely to present to healthcare facilities (OR=5.86 (95%CI, 1.09-31.37), p=0.039). Having a child between 5-15 years in the household was associated with diarrhoea (OR=2.26 (95% CI, 1.32-3.86), p=0.003). While 26.4% of cases sought healthcare, only 4.6% of cases were hospitalised and only 3.4% of cases had a stool specimen collected. Conclusion Diarrhoeal rate was high across all age groups in this community; however, older children and adults were less likely to present to healthcare, and are therefore underrepresented through facility-based clinical surveillance.

scholarly journals Health seeking behaviour in pulmonary tuberculosis: a cross sectional study

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 1346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jebamalar J. ◽  
Priya Senthilkumar ◽  
Mary Ramola
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Diagnostic Delay ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Patient Delay ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Health Seeking Behaviour ◽  
Health Seeking ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients

Background: Health seeking behaviour has been identified as a complex and dynamic process which influences disease burden of tuberculosis. The present study aimed to study health seeking behaviour among pulmonary tuberculosis patients in a metropolitan city and to assess diagnostic and treatment delays and their determinants.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis patients registered for intensive phase of Category 1 ATT during the study period in Zone VIII of Chennai Corporation. The sample size was 197. The study was conducted over a period of one year from September 2015 to August 2016. A standardized WHO interview schedule on diagnostic delay was used for the study.Results: Patients sought healthcare for more severe symptoms like hemoptysis (delay of 38 days) earlier than for cough (delay o- 8 days). Other reasons for delay in seeking care were hope of self-resolution, financial constraints, fear of what the diagnosis would be, incompatible timings etcetera. The total mean delay from onset of symptoms till start of treatment was around 47 days, out of which the patient delay was 42 days. Factors significantly associated with delay included smoking, age more than 35 years and not approaching healthcare facilities first.Conclusions: An unacceptably high patient delay is the major contributor to total delay in the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis patients. There is increased odds of delay among smokers compared to those who have never smoked. So smokers may be added to the high risk group for suspicion of tuberculosis for fast tracking of diagnosis and treatment. Furthermore, methods to curb over the counter medications should be explored.

scholarly journals Health status and health seeking behaviour among urban and rural nursing students of a tertiary care hospital: a comparative study

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 4419
Author(s):  
Rujuta S. Hadaye ◽  
Ruhi Dass ◽  
Sujata Lavangare
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Nursing Students ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Health Seeking Behaviour ◽  
Health Seeking

Background: Nurses play a very essential role as health care providers and taking care of their health is necessary. Nursing students are believed to be healthy and although morbidity and mortality from non-communicable diseases occur in adulthood, exposure to risk factors begin in early life. Early identification of risk factors is essential considering their role as future nurses and in public health interventions.Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among 280 nursing students of a tertiary care hospital of Mumbai, Maharashtra after the ethical clearance. Pretested questionnaire was used for collecting data by interview after obtaining informed consent.Results: Out of the total 280 students, 47% missed at least one of their meals. 67.8% were underweight (BMI <18.5). There was no consumption of dry fruits and non-veg food in 54.64% and 23.9% of the students respectively. 36.07% students consumed green leafy vegetables only once a week. Consumption of water was quite low among the students. 56.07%, were anaemic (Hb <12 gm/dl). Under-nutrition and anaemia was found to be more prevalent in students coming from rural areas. The health seeking behaviour was observed to be better among the urban students.Conclusions: Findings of this study demonstrated that there is a need to increase the awareness among the nursing students regarding the healthy lifestyle and to follow specific strategies for their comprehensive management.

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