scholarly journals Feeding habits and habitat use of barking deer (Muntiacus vaginalis) in Himalayan foothills, Pakistan

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. e0245279
Author(s):  
Ume Habiba ◽  
Maqsood Anwar ◽  
Rukhsana Khatoon ◽  
Majid Hussain ◽  
Kamal Ahmed Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Food Composition ◽  
Habitat Characteristics ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
Himalayan Foothills ◽  
Carissa Opaca ◽  
Ziziphus Nummularia ◽  
Justicia Adhatoda

Northern red muntjac (Muntiacus vaginalis; “barking deer”) is a shy and small-sized cervid mammal, limited to the outer Himalayan foothill forests in Pakistan. Habitat characteristics were measured by locating direct and indirect signs. To quantify habitat utilization of barking deer, 80 field surveys were conducted in the study area along transects. 1200 Quadrats at 50 m intervals were deployed along these transect lines to determine microhabitat factors associated with seasonal distribution. The food composition of the barking deer was determined through fecal droppings analysis by micro-histological technique. Forty-five fecal samples of barking deer were collected from the study area (Murree-Kotli Sattian-Kahuta National Pak); summer (28) and winter (17). The micro-histological analysis revealed that more plant species are available in its habitat during the summer season (27) as compared to winter (19). Due to browsing nature barking deer mostly feed on trees in both seasons. While shrubs are slightly higher in winters. In summer barking deer consumed 10 Trees, 6 Shrubs, 5 Herbs, and 6 kinds of grass species. Dominant tree species were Phyllanthus emblica and Acacia modesta. Dominant shrub species were Ziziphus nummularia and Justicia adhatoda. In winter barking deer consumed 8 Trees, 7 Shrubs, 3 Herbs, and 1 Grass. Dominant tree species were Bauhinia variegata and Acacia modesta while shrubs included Ziziphus nummularia and Carissa opaca.

scholarly journals Habitat Characteristics Coincidence of Dead and Living Long-Tailed Gorals (Naemorhedus caudatus) According to Extreme Snowfall

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 997
Author(s):  
Hee-Bok Park ◽  
Sungwon Hong
Keyword(s):  
Species Distribution Modeling ◽  
Habitat Characteristics ◽  
Heavy Snowfall ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
Location Data ◽  
Pregnant Females ◽  
Occurrence Data ◽  
Animal Remains ◽  
Extensive Field ◽  
Lower Mobility

The long-tailed goral (Naemorhedus caudatus) is a critically endangered herbivore in South Korea. Despite government efforts to recover the population through reintroduction programs, the animal remains vulnerable to heavy snowfall. From March to June 2010, 24 animals were found dead due to heavy snowfall in the Wangpi Stream basin. In this study, we hypothesized that gorals that died due to snowfall are low-status individuals that lived in the sub-optimal or non-suitable areas. Using the occurrence data from extensive field surveys from 2008 to 2010 in the Wangpi Stream and the carcass location data, we (1) defined the goral habitat characteristics and (2) compared the habitat characteristics between dead and living gorals using ensemble species distribution modeling. The results suggested that the sites where dead gorals were found were highly related to typical goral habitats. These results implied that the optimal goral habitats could become uninhabitable following heavy snowfall. Most of the dead animals were pregnant females or were young, implying that they could not escape their primary habitats due to lower mobility. Thus, when there is a climate catastrophe, the optimal goral habitats should be considered for rescue and artificial feeding.

A Survey on Therapeutic Uses of Bark Drugs Obtained from Tree Species Found in Madhya Pradesh

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-104
Author(s):  
Dinesh Jadhav
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Madhya Pradesh ◽  
Detailed Account ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
Therapeutic Uses

Madhya Pradesh is known to harbour a rich wealth of medicinal plants. An attempt has been made to prepare a detailed account on therapeutic uses of bark drug obtained from tree species found in Madhya Pradesh State. The paper deals with the 72 barks of tree species of probable medicinal potential, belonging to 56 genera and 33 families. The information has been gathered from available literature on medicinal plants and field surveys.

scholarly journals Diversity of Angiospermic Plants in estuarine and Adjoining Riparian Areas of Sabarmati and Mahi Rivers, Gujarat, India

2020 ◽  
pp. 116-124
Author(s):  
Raj B. Patel ◽  
Ketan Tatu ◽  
R. D. Kamboj
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Flowering Plants ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Riparian Zones ◽  
Ecological Groups ◽  
View Point ◽  
Riparian Areas ◽  
Shrub Species ◽  
Religious Importance ◽  
Herb Species

The present study was conducted with an aim of documenting the diversity of flowering plants in selected localities in the estuarine and adjoining riparian zones of Sabarmati and Mahi rivers of Gujarat, India. The Sabarmati and Mahi rivers are west-flowing perennial rivers having considerable ecological and religious importance. A total of 40 species of flowering plants belonging to 26 different families were recorded in the study area which were dominated by herbaceous plants. Among the 40 species recorded 2 species were trees, 8 species were shrubs, 28 species were herbs and 2 species were grasses. Moreover, as far as ecological groups are concerned, 6 species were halophytes, 13 species were hydrophytes, 17 species were mesophytes and 4 species were xerophytes. In the study area of Sabarmati river, 28 species were recorded that included 2 tree species, 6 shrub species, 18 herb species and 2 grass species. From the view point of ecological groups 5 species were halophytes, 3 species were hydrophytes, 16 species were mesophytes and 4 species were xerophytes. In the study area of Mahi river, 24 species were recorded that included 2 tree species, 6 shrub species, 14 herb species and 2 grass species. From the view point of ecological groups 5 species were halophytes, 12 species were hydrophytes, 5 species were mesophytes and 2 species were xerophytes.

Suitability of Wild Host Plants and Firewood as Hosts of Prostephanus truncatus (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) in Mozambique

2019 ◽  
Vol 112 (4) ◽  
pp. 1705-1712 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernardo L Muatinte ◽  
Johnnie Van den Berg
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Prostephanus Truncatus ◽  
Maize Crop ◽  
Wild Host ◽  
Brachystegia Spiciformis

Abstract Prostephanus truncatus (Horn) (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) populations are maintained in wild host plants such as trees that act as pest reservoirs from where beetle infestation of maize granaries take place. In this study, we assessed the suitability of plant species sold and transported as firewood as well as other plant species in Mozambique as hosts for P. truncatus. Prostephanus truncatus was only recorded from three tree species, which are sold as firewood, i.e., Brachystegia spiciformis, Strychnos spinosa, and Colophospermum mopane. The pest survived and bred in 13 tree and 7 grass species. Dry wood of several tree species and the grasses Acroceras macrum and Hyparrhenia hirta were suitable hosts for pest development. Sale and transport of certain firewood species may be an important driver of the spread of this pest. The importance of dry maize stalks and several grass species in sustaining pest populations is described for the first time. Several grass species are used as thatch or fencing material and, together with maize crop residues close to small-scale granaries, may provide significant sources of beetle infestation.

Feeding habits of the burrowing shrimp Alpheus macellarius

2004 ◽  
Vol 84 (6) ◽  
pp. 1199-1202 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.E. Palomar ◽  
M.A. Juinio-Meñez ◽  
I. Karplus
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Feeding Mode ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
Sea Grass ◽  
Deposit Feeding

The diet and feeding behaviour of the burrowing shrimp Alpheusmacellarius (Decapoda: Alpheidae) in sea grass beds in the Philippines were evaluated in the present study through field and laboratory activities. Sediment organic matter and sea grass appear to be important food sources for the shrimp based on the combined results of field surveys, gut content, stable isotope (δ13C) and sediment C content analyses. There was a significant positive correlation between organic matter content in the sediment and shrimp densities. In terms of behaviour, observations under controlled set-ups detected marked trends in duration and frequency of feeding. Feeding bouts became longer and more recurrent as the days progressed. Periodicity was exhibited with burrowing generally performed in the morning and feeding in the afternoon. A deposit-feeding mode was predominant in tank conditions as demonstrated by the shrimp's behaviour and burrow features.

scholarly journals Feeding habits of the Cape Mountain Zebra Equus zebra zebra LINN. 1758

Koedoe ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
J.H Grobler
Keyword(s):  
Food Quality ◽  
National Park ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Seasonal Movements ◽  
Feeding Sites ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Winter Grazing ◽  
Summer Grazing

The feeding habits of the Cape mountain zebra Equus zebra zebra Linn. 1758, were studied in the Mountain Zebra National Park. They were highly selective utilising only seven of 17 available grass species at feeding sites and 26 of plants available. These zebra fed at 40 mm to 80 mm above the ground except when eating seed heads of certain grass species. Protein levels of grasses eaten were above 4 and seasonal movements were associated with mean food quality @ there were thus summer grazing and winter grazing areas. Mean crude protein in the faeces fluctuated seasonally.

Feeding habits of cockfish, Callorhinchus callorhynchus (Holocephali: Callorhynchidae), in Patagonian waters (Argentina)

1996 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 801 ◽  
Author(s):  
EE Di Giacomo ◽  
MR Perier
Keyword(s):  
Prey Size ◽  
Prey Availability ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Food Composition ◽  
Commercial Fishing ◽  
Bivalve Molluscs ◽  
Invertebrate Prey ◽  
Selective Foraging ◽  
Predator Size ◽  
Two Factors

Morphology of the main digestive features of cockfish, Callorhinchus callorhynchus, is described and linked to feeding habits. Composition of the diet and size-selective foraging of this species on scallops was studied in northern Patagonian waters and analysed in relation to depth, sex and size. Three species of bivalve molluscs (Pitar rostratus, Aequipecten tehuelchus and Ennucula puelcha) and flabelligerid polychaetes were predominant in the diet of males. The scallop Zygochlamys patagonica dominated the diet of females. The diet of juveniles consisted of small gastropods (Olivella sp.), bivalves with fragile shells (e.g. Pandora cistula), amphipods and polychaetes. Differences in food composition between sexes and between juveniles and adults are attributed to two factors: extrinsic (concerning prey availability) and intrinsic (concerning the morphology and behaviour of the predator). Size-selective foraging on two species of scallops, Aequipecten tehuelchus (subject to commercial fishing) and Zygochlamys patagonica, was found in adults; it is argued that maximum scallop prey size is constrained by the strength of the crushing apparatus of the cockfish. The diet of the cockfish is compared with that of other holocephalans. It is concluded that species of Callorhinchus can be generally characterized as benthic foragers that specialize in crushing shelled invertebrate prey.

scholarly journals Aspectos da alimentação natural de Larimus breviceps Cuvier, 1830, proveniente do litoral norte da Paraíba, Brasil

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (52) ◽  
pp. 185
Author(s):  
Andreza Da Silva Nascimento ◽  
Jonas De Assis Almeida Ramos
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Food Composition ◽  
Marine Debris ◽  
Northern Coast ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Synthetic Material ◽  
Fish Feeding ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Index Of Relative Importance ◽  
Social Importance

<p>The knowledge of natural fish feeding is important to understand the species feeding habits and how they interact with the environment. In addition to that, this kind of research can provide relevant data to improve the capture of these animals, considering their economy and social importance. This study aimed to analyze the food composition of Larimus breviceps specimens from the northern coast of Cabedelo city, evaluating the importance of each food item for their diet. The specimens came from the local artisanal fisheries. In laboratory, the individuals were identified, measured and dissected to remove the stomachs content and then examined. Three different analyzes were performed, percentage by frequency of occurrence, by number and by weight, then the index of relative importance (IRI%) was computed. In total, 30 stomachs were analyzed, 15 distinct food items were identified, the most representative prey were fish fragments, Copepoda, Gammaridae, Decapoda (shrimp), algal fragments and synthetic material. Given the results, the diet of this species becomes more diversified as young individuals reach the adults size, and ingest marine debris which indicates an anthropogenic impact.</p>

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