scholarly journals Physical activity, sedentary behavior and functionality in older adults: A cross-sectional path analysis

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. e0246275
Author(s):  
Cíntia Aparecida Garcia Meneguci ◽  
Joilson Meneguci ◽  
Jeffer Eidi Sasaki ◽  
Sheilla Tribess ◽  
Jair Sindra Virtuoso Júnior
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
International Classification Of Functioning ◽  
Personal Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Iadl Disability ◽  
Health Model

Disability is negatively associated with the health of older adults, and it can be mediated by healthy lifestyles and behaviors throughout one’s life. In this context, understanding the interrelationships between sedentary behavior, physical activity and functionality may assist in the implementation of effective public health actions. Thus, the aim of the present study was to investigate the relationships between both physical activity and sedentary behavior and functionality in older adults and the possible mediators. The variables analyzed were selected according to the content analysis of International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health model, and included activity, participation, health conditions, body functions and structures, environmental factors and personal factors. 419 individuals participated in the study. Physical activity was directly associated with disability in instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), and the association was mediated by self-esteem, aerobic endurance, and agility/balance. Sedentary behavior was indirectly associated with IADL disability, and the association was mediated by aerobic resistance, nutritional status, and agility/balance. Regarding the basic activities of daily living (BADL), physical activity showed an indirect association mediated by aerobic resistance and IADL. The association of sedentary behavior with BADL was mediated by aerobic resistance and lower limb flexibility. These results reinforce the idea that functionality is multidimensional, and the mediating factors must be considered when strategies for promoting physical activity and reducing sedentary behavior are designed.

scholarly journals Sedentary Time in US Older Adults Associated With Disability in Activities of Daily Living Independent of Physical Activity

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorothy D. Dunlop ◽  
Jing Song ◽  
Emily K. Arntson ◽  
Pamela A. Semanik ◽  
Jungwha Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Vigorous Activity ◽  
Adl Disability

Background:The harmful relationship of sedentary behavior to health may reflect an exchange of sedentary activity for moderateto- vigorous physical activity (MVPA), or sedentary behavior may be a separate risk factor. We examined whether time spent in sedentary behavior is related to disability in activities of daily living (ADL), independent of time spent in MVPA in older adults.Methods:The nationally representative 2003−2006 National Health and Nutrition Examinations Surveys (NHANES) included 2286 adults aged 60 years and older in whom physical activity was assessed by accelerometer. The association between ADL task disability and the daily percentage of sedentary time was evaluated by multiple logistic regression.Results:These adults on average spent 9h/d being sedentary during waking hours and 4.5% reported ADL disability. The odds of ADL disability were 46% greater (odds ratio, 1.46; 95% confidence interval, 1.07−1.98) for each daily hour spent in sedentary behavior, adjusted for MVPA and socioeconomic and health factors.Conclusion:These US national data show a strong relationship between greater time spent in sedentary behavior and the presence of ADL disability, independent of time spent in moderate or vigorous activity. These findings support programs encouraging older adults to decrease sedentary behavior regardless of their engagement in moderate or vigorous activity.

scholarly journals Factors associated with handgrip strength in older adults residents in Florianópolis, Brazil: EpiFloripa Aging Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 385-395
Author(s):  
Susana Cararo CONFORTIN ◽  
Lariane Mortean ONO ◽  
Vandrize MENEGHINI ◽  
Anapaula PASTORIO ◽  
Aline Rodrigues BARBOSA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Living Arrangement ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Instrumental Activities

ABSTRACT Objective To investigate the association between sociodemographic factors, lifestyle, health conditions and low Handgrip Strength in older adults. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in a sample of 598 older adults. The Handgrip Strength (first quartile) was verified using a dynamometer. Independent variables included age group, schooling, living arrangement, paid work, alcohol consumption, smoking, leisure-time physical activity and transportation, disability in activities of daily living and instrumental activities of daily living, history of falls and probable cognitive impairment. Logistic regression analyses were performed (crude and adjusted). Results Age group, disability in instrumental activities of daily living and physical inactivity were associated with low Handgrip Strength for women. For men, there was no association. Conclusion Low Handgrip Strength was positively associated with age, disability in instrumental activities of daily living, and negatively associated with the practice of physical activity in women.

scholarly journals Vision and Hearing Impairments Affecting Activities of Daily Living among Malaysian Older Adults by Gender

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 6271
Author(s):  
Yee Mang Chan ◽  
Norhafizah Sahril ◽  
Ying Ying Chan ◽  
Nor’ Ain Ab Wahab ◽  
Norliza Shamsuddin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Hearing Impairment ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Hearing Impairments ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Adl Disability

Vision and hearing impairments are common among older adults and can cause undesirable health effects. There are limited studies from low- and middle-income countries exploring gender differences between vision and hearing impairment with Activities of Daily Living (ADL) disability. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate gender differences between vision and hearing impairments with ADL disability among older adults in Malaysia. Cross-sectional data from 3977 respondents aged 60 and above from the Malaysian National Health and Morbidity Survey 2018 were used. We used logistic regression analysis to measure associations between vision and hearing impairments with ADL disability, adjusted for covariates. The prevalence of ADL disability was higher among females than males (p < 0.001). The adjusted associations between vision impairment and ADL disability were significant among males (aOR 3.79; 95%CI 2.26, 6.38) and females (aOR 2.66; 95%CI 1.36, 5.21). Similarly, significant adjusted associations were found between hearing impairment and ADL disability among males (aOR 5.76; 95%CI 3.52, 9.40) and females (aOR 3.30; 95%CI 1.17, 9.33). Vision and hearing impairments were significantly associated with ADL disability, with no gender differences identified. Early detection and effective management of vision and hearing impairments are important to prevent ADL disability and improve older adults’ level of independence.

Impact of Social Isolation on Physical Activity and Factors Associated With Sedentary Behavior in Older Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Giovana Z. Mazo ◽  
Felipe Fank ◽  
Pedro S. Franco ◽  
Bruna da Silva Vieira Capanema ◽  
Franciele da Silva Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Moderate Physical Activity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The Impact

The objective was to analyze the impact of social isolation on moderate physical activity and factors associated with sedentary behavior of older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. This was a cross-sectional study involving 111 older adults (aged 71.0 ± 6.87 years). The data were collected at two time points: in November 2019 and in June 2020. There was a decline in moderate physical activity when the minutes/week were compared before and during social isolation (p < .001). Sedentary behavior was associated with the condition of living alone. Older adults who lived alone were 3.29 times more likely to spend 4 hr or more in sedentary behavior than those who lived with a partner (95% confidence interval [1.01, 10.74]). Government agencies must establish PA-related health promotion strategies, especially in developing and low-income countries. Therefore, home exercises need to be encouraged to prevent the consequences of this pandemic period.

Potential associated factors of functional disability in Chinese older inpatients: A multicenter cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongpeng Liu ◽  
Jing Jiao ◽  
Chen Zhu ◽  
Minglei Zhu ◽  
Xianxiu Wen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Functional Disability ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Older Inpatients ◽  
Hospital Wards

Abstract Background: Older adults are vulnerable to a decline in physical functioning, including basic activities of daily living (ADL) and higher-level instrumental activities of daily living (IADL). The causes of functional disability in older adults are multifactorial. A comprehensive understanding of these factors will contribute toward future health service planning. However, studies of ADL and IADL in Chinese older adults are insufficient. The aim of this study is to describe the level of ADL and IADL in different age groups and explore the factors associated with functional disability in Chinese older inpatients. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study consisted of 9,996 Chinese older inpatients aged 65 years and older. Participants were recruited from six provinces or municipality city in southwest (Sichuan province), northeast (Heilongjiang), south central (Hubei province), northern (Beijing municipality city), northwest (Qinghai province), and eastern China (Zhejiang province) from October 2018 to February 2019. The levels of ADL and IADL were measured by scores of the Barthel index and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale in consecutive intervals from 65 years of age. After controlling for the cluster effect of hospital wards, a mixed-effect generalized linear model was used to examine the association between functional disability and covariates. Results: The average ADL score was 27.68±4.59 and the mean IADL score 6.76±2.01 for all participants. A negative correlation between scores and age was observed, and there was a significant difference in ADL and IADL scores among different age groups. The top negatively influential factor in ADL and IADL was stair climbing and shopping, respectively. After controlling for the cluster effect of hospital wards, aging, emaciation, frailty, depression, falling accidents in past 12 months, hearing dysfunction, cognitive dysfunction, urinary dysfunction, and defecation dysfunction were associated with ADL and IADL. Patients transitioned from the emergency department and other hospitals were also affected by ADL disability. Former smoking was associated with lower IADL scores. Higher level of education, living in a building without elevators, and current alcohol consumption were correlated with better IADL performance. Conclusion: Decreased functional ability was associated with the increasing age. Sociodemographic characteristics (such as age), physical health variables (frailty, emaciation, hearing dysfunction, urinary dysfunction, defecation dysfunction, falling accidents in past 12 months), and mental health variables (cognitive dysfunction, depression) were associated with functional disability. These findings potentially have major importance for the planning of hospital services, discharge planning, and post-discharge care.

scholarly journals Association between cognitive declines and disability in activities of daily living in older adults with COPD: evidence from the China health and retirement longitudinal study

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. e040098
Author(s):  
Bingyan Gong ◽  
Shaomei Shang ◽  
Chao Wu
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Visuospatial Ability ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adl Disability

ObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate the relationship between disability and domain-specific cognitive function in older adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).DesignCross-sectional analyses combined with retrospective longitudinal analyses.SettingWe included 450 communities in China.ParticipantsIn this study, 1022 (mean age: 68.6±6.3; 612 males) and 152 (mean age: 67.0±5.2; 83 males) older adults with COPD from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study were included in a cross-sectional multivariate linear regression analysis and a longitudinal logistic regression analysis, respectively.Outcome measuresDisability was determined by the difficulty or inability to complete 1 of the 12 activity items in basic activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental ADL. The cognitive dimensions of episodic memory, attention/numerical ability, orientation to time, and visuospatial ability were assessed via the immediate/delayed recall task, serial sevens task, naming the current date and pentagon-figure-drawing tasks, respectively.ResultsOf 1022 older respondents with COPD at wave-4, 48.5% had ADL disability. Declines in the global cognitive function (β (95% CI)=−0.627 (−1.214 to –0.040)), orientation to time (β (95% CI)=−0.207 (−0.364 to –0.050)) and visuospatial ability (β (95% CI)=−0.068 (−0.127 to –0.009)) were significantly associated with the presence of ADL disability, when demographic and health-related variables were adjusted. Of 152 older participants with COPD and without ADL disability in wave-2, 61 (40.1 %) developed disability over a 2-year follow-up. Relative to the participants without a decline in orientation to tine, those with the condition had greater odds of incidence of ADL disability increased by a factor of about 1.46 over a 2-year follow-up.ConclusionsIn older adults with COPD, orientation to time and visuospatial inability are vulnerable to the presence of a disability. Prevention of a decline in orientation to time might help prevent disability in older people with COPD.

Likelihood of Meeting Physical Activity Guidelines of Veterans Who Are Obese by Disability Status

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (8) ◽  
pp. 1194-1199
Author(s):  
Vijay Vasudevan ◽  
Erin Bouldin ◽  
Shannon Bloodworth ◽  
Linda Rocafort
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Mobility Limitations ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physical Activity Guidelines ◽  
Aerobic Activity ◽  
Disability Status

Purpose:The purpose of this study was to explore the likelihood of meeting the physical activity guidelines in veterans who are obese by disability status.Design:We used data from the 2017 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, a cross-sectional telephone survey. The mean response rate was 44.9%.Setting:Respondents came from all 50 states, District of Columbia, and 3 US territories.Patients:Respondents included veterans self-reporting being obese (N = 13 798).Measures:We created a mutually exclusive disability variable: no disability, multiple disability, and limitations only with hearing, vision, cognitive, mobility, Activities of Daily Living, or Instrumental Activities of Daily Living. Physical activity guidelines were defined as 150 minutes/week of aerobic activity and 2 days/week of strength activities.Analysis:Prevalence ratios (PRs) were calculated by performing separate log-binomial regression models for meeting strength and aerobic recommendations on veterans who were obese.Results:Obese veterans with mobility limitations only or multiple disabilities were significantly less likely to meet the aerobic (PR = 0.74, P = .002 and PR = .62, P = .021, respectively) or strength (PR = .76, P < .001 and PR = 0.74, P < .001, respectively) recommendations, compared to not having a disability (n = 7964).Conclusions:Inactivity could be explained by a lack of inclusive weight loss programs for veterans with disabilities and barriers to physical activity encountered by people with disabilities. Two primary limitations of this study are self-report of obesity and physical activity and exclusion of adults in institutional settings.

Associations Of Physical Activity And Body Mass Index With Activities Of Daily Living In Older Adults

2006 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 453-467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo J. Simoes ◽  
Rosemarie Kobau ◽  
Julie Kapp ◽  
Brian Waterman ◽  
Ali Mokdad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Daily Living
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