scholarly journals Schizophrenic patients with type 2 diabetes: An 8-year population-based observational study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. e0248407
Author(s):  
Mariusz Jaworski ◽  
Mariusz Panczyk ◽  
Andrzej Śliwczyński ◽  
Melania Brzozowska ◽  
Joanna Gotlib
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Relative Risk ◽  
National Health ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Health Fund ◽  
National Health Fund ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients

This paper presents a realistic evaluation of the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among Polish schizophrenic patients who have sought treatment through the Polish National Health Fund in the years 2010–2017. Data from the National Health Fund database was used and T2DM and schizophrenia groups were defined according to International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) codes. Demographic data were collected from the web page of Statistics Poland (GUS). The annual prevalence of T2DM and schizophrenia was estimated, and the age groups were categorised into eight sets. The incidence of schizophrenia in T2DM patients in the years 2010–2017 was measured, including relative risk and 95% confidence interval (95% CI). The incidence of T2DM has been assessed in various subtypes of schizophrenia. In the eight years of follow-up study, 1,481,642 patients with schizophrenia were included, of which 185,205 were also diagnosed with T2DM. This accounted for 12.50% of all patients with schizophrenia. The trend of comorbid schizophrenia (F20) and T2DM (E11) in the general population of patients with schizophrenia, who sought treatment through the National Health Fund, was relatively stable in the years 2010–2017. The relative risk of T2DM in those with schizophrenia was 8.33 (95% CI 8.23–8.43) in 2017. Taking actions to enable the detection of diabetes in patients with concomitant schizophrenia is well-grounded, although these actions should be gender-dependent. There is also a need to take adequate actions to improve the efficiency of diabetological care among patients with schizophrenia.

scholarly journals Evaluation of dental plague removal procedure in adult population from the Łomża region

2020 ◽  
pp. 521-530
Keyword(s):  
National Health ◽  
Dental Plaque ◽  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Bacterial Biofilm ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Dental Clinic ◽  
Plaque Removal ◽  
Health Fund ◽  
National Health Fund

INTRODUCTION. The National Health Fund guarantees to insured persons free dental treatment as part of a catalog of scopes and benefits, such as dental treatment. Among the services included in the appendix there is a dental plaque removal procedure, which can be performed in adults once every 12 months or once every 6 months in the case of pregnant and puerperal women. This procedure involves breaking down the bacterial biofilm above and below the gingiva, rinsing it in vases with water from the periodontal area, and additionally, through the cavitation effect, it causes the implosion of air bubbles, directly destroying bacterial cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS. The analysis covered 2,114 patients aged 18-89 who visited the dentist from 01/01/2019 to 31/12/2019. The dental clinic was located in a medium-sized town in the Podlaskie Voivodeship. The dental plaque removal procedures were performed on patients by dentists and then coded in accordance with the ICD9 Basic Edition Dictionary ICD9 CM (5.18) “23.1601 - Removal of plaque from 1/2 of the dental arch”, respectively. The visits analyzed for this study were performed in the period from 01/01/2019 to 31/12/2019. In the following epidemiological descriptive study, secondary sources of information were used, in the form of collective reports generated from electronic records, which are stored in the dental clinic that provides dental care for patients under an agreement with the National Health Fund for general dental treatment. RESULTS. The total number of women undergoing the plaque removal procedure was significantly higher than the number of men. The distribution of patients in different age groups was uneven. The highest percentage of patients undergoing the dental plaque removal procedure occurred in the age groups of 18-29 and 30-39 years - 21% and 29% of all respondents, respectively. The lowest number of patients was found in the age group of 80–89 years (1%).There is a statistical difference in the total number of dental procedures and in each age group in favor of women in each group, except the 60-79 age group. The greatest number of dental plaque removal procedures, compared to other procedures, was performed in men aged 30–39 years. Among men, along with the increase in age up to the age of 60, the number of dental plaque removal procedures decreased by an average of 10%, a drastic decrease occurred at the age of 70-79 - only 10% of procedures were dental plaque removal procedures. Among women aged 30-59 who were patients of the clinic, the percentage of women with dental plaque removal was about 30%, only in the age group over 80 the percentage of women who underwent the procedure fell to less than 10%. CONCLUSIONS. The results of the study show that the sex and age of the inhabitants of the Łomża region are significant variables related to the procedures of removing plaque in a dental office. Observation showing a decrease in the number of these procedures with increasing age of patients and their more frequent occurrence in women generally requires detailed studies identifying the main determinants of existing relationships.

scholarly journals Prevalence and incidence of type 2 diabetes in Iceland 2005-2018

2021 ◽  
Vol 107 (05) ◽  
pp. 227-233
Author(s):  
Bolli Þórsson ◽  
◽  
Elías Freyr Guðmundsson ◽  
Gunnar Sigurðsson ◽  
Thor Aspelund ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Similar Rate ◽  
Population Based ◽  
National Database ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Prescription Database ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The Usa

INTRODUCTION: The number of people with type 2 diabetes has increased in Iceland in the last few decades. We utilized the national database on prescribed medication from the Directorate of Health to estimate the prevalence and incidence of type 2 diabetes in Iceland and made prediction on the prevalence of type 2 diabetes in Iceland in 10 and 20 years. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Prevalence and incidence of type 2 diabetes for the period 2005-2018 was estimated based on prescriptions of diabetes medication in the national prescription database containing all prescriptions in Iceland during the period. The result was compared to the result from the REFINE-Reykjavik study (prospective, population-based cohort study) from 2004 to 2011 and published data from the USA from 1980 to 2016. RESULTS: The prevalence of type 2 diabetes more than doubled in near all age groups in both men and women in the period 2005-2018. The incidence increased by 2.8% annually (in 18-79 years old). The number of people in Iceland with type 2 diabetes was 10600 in 2018 and had increased from 4200 in the year 2005. Comparison with the results of the REFINE-Reykjavik study showed an underestimation (29% in men and women) of the prevalence of type 2 diabetes. If the increase in type 2 diabetes continues at a similar rate as in the years 2005-2018 the number of people with diabetes in Iceland could be near 24000 in the year 2040. CONCLUSION: Linear increase was seen in incidence and prevalence of people with type 2 diabetes in the years 2005-2018. Similar evolution was seen in USA from 1984. In order to counteract the increase of type 2 diabetes following the same path as has been seen in the USA, targeted measures are needed.

scholarly journals Comparison of the clinical manifestations between different age groups of patients with overseas imported COVID-19

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. e0243347
Author(s):  
Yujuan Han ◽  
Zujin Luo ◽  
Wenliang Zhai ◽  
Yue Zheng ◽  
Huan Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Symptom Improvement ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

The current study investigated the clinical manifestations and outcomes of different age groups of patients with overseas imported COVID-19. In total, 53 COVID-19 patients admitted to the designated Beijing Xiaotangshan Hospital between March 16 and April 15 of 2020 were included. Based on the percentage of disease aggravation during hospital stay according to CT, the patients were divided into two groups: ≤40 years (group A; n = 41) and >40 years (group B; n = 12). The demographic data, epidemiological history, disease courses, potential complications, clinical symptoms, lab indices, chest CT outcomes, treatment protocols and turnovers of the two groups were compared. According to clinical typing, compared with group A, group B had a significantly greater proportion of the common type of COVID-19 (P<0.05) and greater comorbidity of type 2 diabetes (P<0.001). The two groups presented significantly different lab indices. Group B showed significantly more frequent CT abnormalities, with greater proportions of multiple lesions and bilateral lung involvement (P<0.05). During hospitalization, group B had a greater proportion of disease aggravation according to CT (P<0.01). Compared with group A, group B received a significantly greater proportion of antiviral therapy and presented a significantly greater occurrence of adverse drug reactions (P<0.05). The two groups did not significantly differ in time from admission to clinical symptom improvement or from disease onset to negative outcomes according to nucleic acid testing, the appearance of IgG or the appearance of IgM. They also did not significantly differ in length of stay. Older imported COVID-19 patients, particularly those with type 2 diabetes, showed a broader pulmonary extent and faster development of the disease, more severe pathogenetic conditions and a greater risk of developing a critically severe type. Increased attention should be given to this population in clinical practice.

scholarly journals An Analysis of the Selected Sociodemographic Characteristics in Removable Denture Wearers

2014 ◽  
Vol 124 (2) ◽  
pp. 70-72
Author(s):  
Leszek Szalewski ◽  
Elżbieta Pietryka-MichaŁowska ◽  
Jolanta Szymańska
Keyword(s):  
Sex Education ◽  
National Health ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Sociodemographic Characteristics ◽  
Place Of Residence ◽  
Health Fund ◽  
National Health Fund ◽  
Removable Dental Prostheses ◽  
Removable Denture

Abstract Introduction. Dental prosthetic replacements allow restoring the masticatory function, thus contributing to proper nutrition and correct speech, and also improving facial aesthetics. Aim. The aim of the study was to assess the selected sociodemographic characteristics of people using removable dentures (patient-paid and funded by the National Health Fund). Material and methods. A questionnaire survey involved 321 individuals, resident in the Lubelskie Voivodship, who used removable dental prostheses. Their selected sociodemographic characteristics were analysed: age, sex, education, place of residence and material status, as well as the form of payment for prosthetic replacements. The obtained results were analysed statistically. Results. Almost 70% of the studied population wearing removable prostheses had their dentures funded by the National Health Fund. In each age group, women used National Health Fund funded prostheses twice more frequently than men. Prostheses funded by the National Health Fund were used significantly more frequently by patients aged 51-70 years, living in cities and with a higher education level, in comparison to the respondents from other age groups, with different place of residence and education level. Conclusions. There is correlation between sex, age, place of residence and education level of patients and the frequency of their wearing removable dentures, both patient-paid and funded by the National Health Fund.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus contributes to cognitive decline in old age: A longitudinal population-based study

2004 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 599-607 ◽  
Author(s):  
LINDA B. HASSING ◽  
MICHAEL D. GRANT ◽  
SCOTT M. HOFER ◽  
NANCY L. PEDERSEN ◽  
SVEN E. NILSSON ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Population Based

We examined change in neuropsychological test performance related to type 2 diabetes mellitus across a 6-year interval. A population-based sample of 274 elderly participants (36 with diabetes and 238 without diabetes) was examined at four occasions at a 2-year interval. The participants were 80–93 years of age (M = 82.8 years) and without dementia at baseline. The test battery included tests of speed, visuospatial ability, short-term memory, semantic memory, episodic memory, and the Mini Mental Status Examination. Several models, taking into account diabetes and demographic data, were analyzed using SAS Proc Mixed multilevel modeling. At baseline, there were no significant differences in the neuropsychological tests related to diabetes. The longitudinal analyses, however, showed that diabetes was a significant predictor of decline for many of the tests. These findings points to the conclusion that type 2 diabetes is associated with accelerated cognitive decline in old age that may result in dementia. (JINS, 2004, 10, 599–607.)

scholarly journals Mexican American and South Asian population-based cohorts reveal high prevalence of type 2 diabetes and crucial differences in metabolic phenotypes

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. e000436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon P Watt ◽  
Susan P Fisher-Hoch ◽  
Mohammad H Rahbar ◽  
Joseph B McCormick ◽  
Miryoung Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Mexican Americans ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Asian Population ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Metabolic Health ◽  
South Asian Population ◽  
Metabolic Phenotypes

ObjectivePrevalence of type 2 diabetes varies by region and ancestry. However, most guidelines for the prevention of diabetes mellitus (DM) are based on European or non-Hispanic white populations. Two ethnic minority populations—Mexican Americans (MAs) in Texas, USA, and South Indians (SIs) in Tamil Nadu, India—have an increasing prevalence of DM. We aimed to understand the metabolic correlates of DM in these populations to improve risk stratification and DM prevention.Research design and methodsThe Cameron County Hispanic Cohort (CCHC; n=3023) served as the MA sample, and the Population Study of Urban, Rural, and Semi-Urban Regions for the Detection of Endovascular Disease (PURSE; n=8080) served as the SI sample. Using design-based methods, we calculated the prevalence of DM and metabolic comorbidities in each cohort. We determined the association of DM with metabolic phenotypes to evaluate the relative contributions of obesity and metabolic health to the prevalence of DM.ResultsIn the CCHC (overall DM prevalence 26.2%), good metabolic health was associated with lower prevalence of DM, across age groups, regardless of obesity. In PURSE (overall prevalence 27.6%), probability of DM was not strongly associated with metabolic phenotypes, although DM prevalence was high in older age groups irrespective of metabolic health.ConclusionOur study provides robust, population-based data to estimate the prevalence of DM and its associations with metabolic health. Our results demonstrate differences in metabolic phenotypes in DM, which should inform DM prevention guidelines in non-European populations.

scholarly journals Structure of non-reimbursed and reimbursed therapeutic procedures provided at a general dental care office

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 151-154
Author(s):  
Sylwia Zgardzinska ◽  
Jolanta Szymanska
Keyword(s):  
National Health ◽  
Dental Care ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Medical Documentation ◽  
Private Funding ◽  
Health Fund ◽  
National Health Fund ◽  
Dental Procedures ◽  
Dental Office ◽  
Therapeutic Procedures

ABSTRACT Dental care in Poland is based both on the public system (reimbursement by the National Health Fund) and on the private funding (non-reimbursed). The aim of the paper was an analysis of the structure of non-reimbursed and reimbursed therapeutic procedures provided at a general dental care office. The study material was medical documentation of 669 patients treated for 3 months (the third quarter of 2013) at a general dental care office. The structure of therapeutic procedures, with the exception of orthodontic and prosthetic treatment, was analyzed, taking into account the patients’ gender, age, place of residence, the kind of procedure, and the payment type they made. The procedures reimbursed by the National Health Fund constituted 60.1% of all the procedures provided to patients at a dental office. Both among the procedures reimbursed by the National Health Fund and non-reimbursed procedures, the therapeutic procedures prevailed significantly over the prophylactic ones; in all age groups conservative treatment was predominant. An increase in the number of extractions in patients over 40 years of age, in comparison to younger patients, was found. The number of the dental procedures reimbursed by the National Health Fund, compared to the number of the non-reimbursed ones, increased with the patients’ age.

Relative risk of cardiovascular disease is higher in women with type 2 diabetes, but not in those with prediabetes, as compared with men

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Succurro ◽  
Teresa Vanessa Fiorentino ◽  
Sofia Miceli ◽  
Maria Perticone ◽  
Angela Sciacqua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Relative Risk ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Normal Glucose

<b>Objective</b>: Most, but not all studies suggested that women with type 2 diabetes have higher relative risk (RR) for cardiovascular disease (CVD) than men. More uncertainty exists on whether the RR for CVD is higher in prediabetic women compared to men. <p><b>Research Design and Methods</b>: In a cross-sectional study, in 3540 normal glucose tolerant (NGT), prediabetic, and diabetic adults, we compared the RR for prevalent non-fatal CVD between men and women. In a longitudinal study including 1658 NGT, prediabetic, and diabetic adults, we compared the RR for incident major adverse outcomes, including all-cause death, coronary heart disease, and cerebrovascular disease events after 5.6 years follow-up. </p> <p><b>Results:</b> Women with prediabetes and diabetes exhibited greater relative differences in BMI, waist circumference, blood pressure, total, LDL and HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, fasting glucose, hsCRP, and white blood cell count than men with prediabetes and diabetes when compared with their NGT counterparts. We found a higher RR for prevalent CVD in diabetic women (RR 9.29; 95% CI 4.73-18.25; <i>P</i><0.0001) than in men (RR 4.56; 95% CI 3.07-6.77; <i>P</i><0.0001), but no difference in RR for CVD was observed comparing prediabetic women and men. In the longitudinal study, we found that diabetic, but not prediabetic women have higher RR (RR 5.25; 95% CI 3.22-8.56; <i>P</i><0.0001) of incident major adverse outcomes than their male counterparts (RR 2.72; 95% CI 1.81-4.08; <i>P</i><0.0001).</p> <p><b>Conclusions:</b> This study suggests that diabetic, but not prediabetic, women have higher RR for prevalent and incident major adverse outcomes than men. </p>

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document