scholarly journals HbA1c is inversely associated with thyroid cysts in a euthyroid population: A cross-sectional study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. e0253841
Author(s):  
Yuji Shimizu ◽  
Shin-Ya Kawashiri ◽  
Yuko Noguchi ◽  
Yasuhiro Nagata ◽  
Takahiro Maeda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Thyroid Peroxidase ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Free Triiodothyronine ◽  
Free T4 ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Normal Thyroid Function

Anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPO-Ab) is revealed to be inversely associated with thyroid cysts among euthyroid population. TPO-Ab causes autoimmune thyroiditis by bolstering thyroid inflammation. Therefore, at least partly, absence of thyroid cysts could indicate latent thyroid damage. Since participants with subclinical hypothyroidism are reported to have higher HbA1c than normal healthy controls, HbA1c could be inversely associated with thyroid cysts through a mechanism reflecting latent thyroid damage. To investigate the association between HbA1c and thyroid cysts among a euthyroid population, a cross-sectional study was conducted on 1,724 Japanese individuals who were within the normal range of thyroid function [i.e., normal range of free triiodothyronine (T3) and free thyroxine (T4)] and aged 40–74 years. Among this study population, 564 were diagnosed with thyroid cysts. Independently of thyroid related hormones [thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free T3, and free T4] and known cardiovascular risk factors, HbA1c was found to be significantly inversely associated with the presence of thyroid cysts. This association remained significant even after this analysis was limited to participants within a normal range of TSH. The fully adjusted odds ratios (ORs) of thyroid cysts for 1 standard deviation (SD) increment of HbA1c were 0.84 (0.74, 0.95) for total participants and 0.80 (0.70, 0.92) for participants within a normal range of TSH. Among participants with normal thyroid function, HbA1c was inversely associated with the presence of thyroid cysts. The absence of thyroid cysts and higher levels of HbA1c could indicate the latent functional damage of the thyroid.

scholarly journals Association between Hyperhomocysteinemia and Thyroid Hormones in Euthyroid Diabetic Subjects

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Yun Zhang ◽  
Qiong Wang ◽  
Quanzhong Li ◽  
Ping Lu
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Biomedical Data ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Free Triiodothyronine ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Elderly Males

Objectives. The concept now emerging is that higher thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and lower thyroid hormone levels within the euthyroid range may adversely affect atherosclerosis. The present study aimed to investigate the potential associations between thyroid parameters and hyperhomocysteinaemia in a cohort of euthyroid diabetic subjects.Material and Methods. Two hundred and seventy-three euthyroid diabetic subjects (167 males and 106 females) were consecutively recruited in this cross-sectional study. Clinical and biomedical data was collected.Results. TSH level was higher in females than males. Compared to normal-homocysteine group, hyperhomocysteinaemia group was more likely to be elderly, males, with longer diabetes history, and with lower diastolic blood pressure. Free thyroxine (FT4) level was lower in hyperhomocysteinaemia group than in normal-homocysteine group; however, it was not statistically significant. Adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, duration of diabetes, blood pressure, fasting glucose, total cholesterol, and triglyceride in logistic regression analyses, hyperhomocysteinaemia was significantly correlated with FT4 (P=0.021). No significant association was found with TSH or free triiodothyronine. When analyzed in subjects with TSH < 2.5 uIU/mL separately, we got similar results.Conclusions. In conclusion, we identified a relation between hyperhomocysteinemia and FT4 in a group of euthyroid diabetic patients.

scholarly journals Morphological and Functional Assessment of Thyroid in Individuals with Down Syndrome

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Celia Neder Kalil Mangabeira ◽  
Rafael Kalil Mangabeira ◽  
Luis Jesuino de Oliveira Andrade
Keyword(s):  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroiditis ◽  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Free T4 ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Key Words Down Syndrome ◽  
Normal Thyroid Function ◽  
Increased Risk

Individuals with Down syndrome (DS) present increased risk for thyroid dysfunction, especially hypothyroidism, due in increased expression of the DYRK1A gene. Objective: The aim of this study was to make a morphological functional thyroid assessment in individuals with DS. Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study, consisting of 29 individuals with DS, with a mean age of 12,3 (0.66 / 36.00) years, 16 women (55.2%) and 13 men (44.8%), with a morphological/functional thyroid assessment being made comprising hormonal dose (Free T4, TSH), antithyroid antibody (TPOAb and TgAb) and ultrasonography of the thyroid. Results: Twenty-three (79.3%) individuals presented normal thyroid function while 6 (20.7%) presented with thyroid dysfunction, 4 with hypothyroidism and 2 with hyperthyroidism. Autoimmune thyroiditis and goiter were present in 27.6% of the individuals. Conclusion: Thyroid function should be assessed periodically in individuals with DS, in view of the high prevalence of thyroid dysfunction, especially autoimmune thyroiditis with consequent hypothyroidism. Key Words: Down Syndrome, thyroid, ultrasonography, thyroid dysfunction.

scholarly journals SUN-417 Long Working Hours Are Associated with Hypothyroidism: A Cross-Sectional Study with Population-Representative Data

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Young Ki Lee ◽  
Dong-eun Lee ◽  
Yul Hwangbo ◽  
You Jin Lee ◽  
Eun Kyung Lee
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Thyroid Peroxidase ◽  
Reference Ranges ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Long Working Hours ◽  
Socioeconomic Characteristics

Abstract Background: Studies have highlighted the adverse effects of long working hours on workers’ health; however, the association of long working hours with thyroid function has not been studied. This study aimed to assess long working hours as a risk factor for thyroid dysfunction. Methods: This cross-sectional study was based on data obtained from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted from 2013 to 2015. A total of 2,160 adults who worked 36–83 hours per week were included. Thyroid function was defined based on the population thyroid-stimulating hormone reference ranges, after excluding individuals with positive results for thyroid peroxidase antibody. The association between working hours and thyroid function was confirmed via multinomial logistic regression. Results: Hypothyroidism was more prevalent among those with longer working hours (3·5% vs. 1·4% for 53–83 and 36–42 working hours per week, respectively). Individuals who worked longer hours had an increased odds for hypothyroidism (odds ratio 1·46, 95% confidence interval 1·12−1·90, per 10 hour increase in working hours per week), after adjustment for age, sex, body mass index, urine iodine concentration, smoking status, shift work, and socioeconomic characteristics such as occupation, income level, and educational attainment. The association between working hours and hypothyroidism was consistent in various subgroups stratified by sex or socioeconomic characteristics. Conclusions: To our knowledge, this study is the first to show that long working hours are associated with hypothyroidism. Our findings suggest that appropriate monitoring and treatment of hypothyroidism are necessary among individuals who work long hours.

scholarly journals Associations between thyroid-stimulating hormone and hypertension according to thyroid cyst status in the general population: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuji Shimizu ◽  
Yuko Nabeshima-Kimura ◽  
Shin-Ya Kawashiri ◽  
Yuko Noguchi ◽  
Yasuhiro Nagata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Free Triiodothyronine ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Thyroid Cyst ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

Abstract Background The absence of thyroid cysts may indicate latent thyroid damage, as demonstrated in our previous study. However, the association between the absence of thyroid cysts and latent functional damage of the thyroid is unknown. At low thyroid hormone productivity, which may be associated with latent functional damage of the thyroid, the association between thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and hypertension might be enhanced. Therefore, we evaluated the association between TSH level and hypertension stratified by thyroid cyst status. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study of 1724 euthyroid Japanese individuals aged 40–74 years who participated in an annual health checkup in 2014. Results In the study population, 564 and 686 participants had thyroid cysts and hypertension, respectively. A significant positive association was observed between TSH and hypertension in subjects without a thyroid cyst but not in subjects with thyroid cysts. There was a significant positive association between hypertension and TSH in subjects without a thyroid cyst (odds ratio [OR] 1.27; 95% confidence intervals [CI] 1.01, 1.61) but not in subjects with thyroid cysts (OR 0.79; CI 0.57, 1.09) in the model fully adjusted for known confounding factors. The correlation between the TSH and free triiodothyronine (fee T3) levels (simple correlation coefficient [r] = − 0.13, p < 0.01) was stronger in the subjects without thyroid cysts than in those with thyroid cysts (r = − 0.03, p = 0.525). Conclusions TSH is positively associated with hypertension only in individuals without thyroid cysts. The correlation between the TSH and free T3 levels was stronger in the subjects without thyroid cysts than in those with thyroid cysts. Therefore, the absence of thyroid cysts could be related to the association between TSH level and hypertension, possibly by indicating that the subjects without thyroid cysts had limited thyroid hormone reserves. Therefore, the absence of thyroid cysts could indicate the latent functional damage of the thyroid.

scholarly journals Trimester- and Assay-Specific Thyroid Reference Intervals for Pregnant Women in China

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinfang Xing ◽  
Enwu Yuan ◽  
Jing Li ◽  
Yuchao Zhang ◽  
Xiangying Meng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Chinese Women ◽  
Reference Interval ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Reference Intervals ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Thyroid Peroxidase ◽  
American Thyroid Association ◽  
Cross Sectional

Objective. The guidelines of the American Thyroid Association (ATA) recommend an upper limit reference interval (RI) of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) of 2.5 mIU/L in the first trimester of pregnancy and 3.0 mIU/L in subsequent trimesters, but some reported ranges in China are significantly higher. Our study aimed to establish trimester- and assay-specific RIs for thyroid hormones in normal pregnant Chinese women. Methods. In this cross-sectional study, 2540 women with normal pregnancies (first trimester, n=398; second trimester, n=797; third trimester, n=1345) and 237 healthy nonpregnant control subjects were recruited. Serum TSH, free thyroxin (FT4), thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb), and thyroglobulin antibody (TgAb) levels were determined by automated chemiluminescence with an Immulite 2000 system (Siemens, Erlangen, Germany). After outliers were excluded, the 2.5–97.5th percentiles were used to define the RIs. Results. The RIs of thyroid function in the first, second, and third trimesters of pregnancy and in nonpregnant controls were 0.07–3.96, 0.27–4.53, 0.48–5.40, and 0.69–5.78 mIU/L for TSH and 9.16–18.12, 8.67–16.21, 7.80–13.90, and 8.24–16.61 pmol/L for FT4, respectively. Conclusion. The trimester- and assay-specific RIs of thyroid function during pregnancy differed between trimesters, which suggests that it is advisable to detect and avoid misclassification of thyroid dysfunction during pregnancy for women in Henan, China.

scholarly journals The Associations of Urinary DEHP Metabolites Levels, Serum Thyroid Hormones and Thyroid Related Genes Among the Adolescent Students from China – A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaming Zhao ◽  
Xinyue Song ◽  
Shuang Ding ◽  
Wen Qi ◽  
Yuezhu Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mrna Level ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Thyroid Peroxidase ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Sodium Iodide Symporter ◽  
Free Triiodothyronine ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adolescent Students ◽  
Thyroid Transcription Factor 1

Abstract Our study aimed to investigate the associations between DEHP exposure and serum thyroid hormone levels in 347 adolescents and young adults. We measured DEHP metabolites including mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP), mono(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate (MEOHP), mono(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate (MEHHP), mono(2-ethyl-5-carboxypentyl) phthalate (MECPP) and mono(2-carboxmethyl)hexyl phthalate (MCMHP) in their urine. Total thyroxine (TT4), total triiodothyronine, free triiodothyronine, free thyroxine (FT4), thyroid-stimulating hormone and the mRNA levels of thyroid peroxidase (TPO), thyroglobulin (TG), sodium iodide symporter (NIS), thyroid transcription factor 1 (TTF-1) and paired box gene 8 (PAX-8) in serum were measured. The results of statistical analysis showed that urinary DEHP metabolites were generally negatively associated with TT4 levels in serum. In the males, the FT4 levels showed positive associations with urinary MEHP, MECPP, MCMHP, and ∑DEHP. The mRNA level of TG was significantly positively correlated with the levels of MECPP, MCMHP and ∑DEHP, while the level of NIS mRNA was significantly positively correlated with the levels of MEOHP. There was a significant positive correlation between TTF-1 mRNA level and urinary MEOHP, MECPP, MCMHP and ∑DEHP.

scholarly journals Maternal adiposity, smoking, and thyroid function in early pregnancy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stine Linding Andersen ◽  
Louise Knøsgaard ◽  
Aase Handberg ◽  
Peter Vestergaard ◽  
Stig Andersen
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Thyroid Function Tests ◽  
Free T4 ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The North ◽  
Maternal Adiposity

Objective: A high activity of the deiodinase type 2 has been proposed in overweight, obese, and smoking pregnant women as reflected by a high triiodothyronine (T3)/thyroxine (T4)-ratio. We speculated how maternal adiposity and smoking would associate with different thyroid function tests in the early pregnancy. Design: Cross-sectional study within the North Denmark Region Pregnancy Cohort. Methods: Maternal thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), total T4 (TT4), total T3 (TT3), free T4 (fT4), and free T3 (fT3) were measured in stored blood samples (median gestational week 10) by an automatic immunoassay. Results were linked to nationwide registers and live-birth pregnancies were included. The associations between maternal adiposity (overweight or obese), smoking, and log-transformed TSH, fT3/fT4-ratio, and TT3/TT4-ratio were assessed using multivariate linear regression and reported as adjusted exponentiated β (aβ) with 95% confidence interval (CI). The adjusted model included maternal age, parity, origin, week of blood sampling, and diabetes. Results: Altogether 5,529 pregnant women were included, and 40% were classified with adiposity, whereas 10% were smoking. Maternal adiposity associated with higher TSH (aβ 1.13 (95% CI 1.08-1.20)), whereas maternal smoking was associated with lower TSH in the early pregnancy (0.875 (0.806-0.950)). Considering the T3/T4-ratio, both maternal adiposity (fT3/fT4-ratio: 1.06 (1.05-1.07); TT3/TT4-ratio: 1.07 (1.06-1.08)) and smoking (fT3/fT4-ratio: 1.07 (1.06-1.09); TT3/TT4-ratio: 1.10 (1.09-1.12)) associated with a higher ratio. Conclusions: In a large cohort of Danish pregnant women, adiposity and smoking showed opposite associations with maternal TSH. On the other hand, both conditions associated with a higher T3/T4-ratio in early pregnancy, which may reflect altered deiodinase activity.

scholarly journals Retrospective analysis of thyroid function in drug-free patients with bipolar disorder in China

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Yang ◽  
Yan Zhong Li ◽  
Qi Wang ◽  
Xin Sheng Guo ◽  
Ying Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Bipolar Depression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Thyroid Function Tests ◽  
Free Triiodothyronine ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Previous Hospitalization

Abstract Background Bipolar disorder is a common mental illness with serious consequences. Clinical studies have found that thyroid function may have an impact on patients with bipolar disorder, but there are few relevant studies in China. So this study explores the characteristics of thyroid function in patients with bipolar disorder in China.Methods Using retrospective cohort study and a cross-sectional study, thyroid function tests were performed in inpatients from September 2015 to January 2018 in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, who were diagnosed with bipolar disorder and were not treated with medications for at least three months before hospitalization.Results We found that the triiodothyronine (T3) and free triiodothyronine (FT3) levels were significantly higher in bipolar mania than in bipolar depression (P < 0.01). The thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels were significantly lower in male than female patients, while the FT3, free thyroxine (FT4) levels were higher in male than female patients (P < 0.01). Patients were divided into two groups: those who used lithium and those who did not. Both groups had a tendency of hypothyroidism after treatment. In addition, the T3 and FT3 levels were significantly higher in manic than in depressive status in those patients who had a transition between mania and depression in 28 patients compared with previous hospitalization (P < 0.05).Conclusion Patients with bipolar disorder may develop thyroid dysfunction at different stages and in male/female sexes.

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