scholarly journals Analyzing the 2019 Chilean social outbreak: Modelling Latin American economies

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0256037
Author(s):  
Sergio Curilef ◽  
Diego González ◽  
Carlos Calderón
Keyword(s):  
Income Distribution ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Capita Income ◽  
Input Parameter ◽  
Kolmogorov Equation ◽  
Diffusion Reaction ◽  
Per Capita Income ◽  
Public Data ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Per Capita

In this work, we propose a quantitative model for the 2019 Chilean protests. We utilize public data for the consumer price index, the gross domestic product, and the employee and per capita income distributions as inputs for a nonlinear diffusion-reaction equation, the solutions to which provide an in-depth analysis of the population dynamics. Specifically, the per capita income distribution stands out as a solution to the extended Fisher-Kolmogorov equation. According to our results, the concavity of employee income distribution is a decisive input parameter and, in contrast to the distributions typically observed for Chile and other countries in Latin America, should ideally be non-negative. Based on the results of our model, we advocate for the implementation of social policies designed to stimulate social mobility by broadening the distribution of higher salaries.

scholarly journals The Relationships between Economic and Political Liberalization and the Kuznets Curve

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murat Nişancı ◽  
Ahmet Fatih Aydemir ◽  
Bengü Tosun ◽  
Ömer Selçuk Emsen
Keyword(s):  
Income Distribution ◽  
Capita Income ◽  
Civil Liberties ◽  
National Development ◽  
Kuznets Curve ◽  
Political Rights ◽  
Per Capita Income ◽  
Political Liberalization ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Relationship

Per capita income and income distribution are defined as classical Kuznets curve. From this view, the relationship between per capita income and income distribution is controlled variables and studies that take environmental pollution, financial depth, or trade volume into account are widely seen in the literature according to the study objectives. Respectively, these applications can be named first as environmental Kuznets and secondly as financial Kuznets. As parallel to this view, the studies that emphasize the relationship between export and income distribution are common in the literature, representing economic liberalization. It is also worth noting that political liberalization whether political rights or civil liberties, supports the trend that emerges like the Kuznets’ curve, according to the level of development of the countries. In this study, when the level of national development is taken into consideration, the relationships between per capita income and economic and political liberalization practices have been tested with econometric tests, whether they follow a classical, environmental, commercial or financial Kuznets-like situation. In addition to the classical, environmental, commercial and financial Kuznets, the existence of the “political liberalization practices” will be discussed in the literature in order to overlap the theoretical expectations and the results of this study. In the analysis of the 2012 horizontal cross-section of the country group with the highest Gini coefficient, Kuznets' “inverse U” view is reflected in both commercial and political liberalization dimensions.

scholarly journals ASSESSING THE IMPACT OF ECONOMIC GROWTH ON INEQUALITY IN INDIA

2020 ◽  
pp. 5-8
Author(s):  
Furqan Ali ◽  
Mohammad Asif
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Income Distribution ◽  
Capita Income ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
The State ◽  
Per Capita Income ◽  
Short Period ◽  
The World ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Impact

The rate of economic growth in India fluctuates with the world economic scenario. The developed countries being economically stable and highly advanced by technology, like U.S.A, France, Germany, Japan, and China faced the problem of economic crises. At the same time, the world comes to fluctuate their efficiency and empowerment to the leadership engagement in stabilizing the economy. In this paper, data taken from the Indian States as per capita income at the state level and compare it with all India average data. The Net State Domestic Product Per Capita Income (NSDPPCI), had taken on a current price for the short period 2011-2012 to 2016-2017. This paper compared the regional variation in state performance and compared the most riches states to inferior ones. The factors which affect economic performance are like stabilize the political stability in the state. We also focus comparison on the different political party announcements of the welfare scheme for the farmers and other poor people living in these states. Another factor like the level of education at states and center level, total population, and its growth rate, the public expenditure on the health sector. We measure income inequality, income distribution with the economic growth of India. KEYWORDS: Economic Growth; Inequality; Income Distribution; Political Stability.

Club convergence in Latin America

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Martin ◽  
Guillermo Vazquez
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Capita Income ◽  
Per Capita Income ◽  
Club Convergence ◽  
Convergence Test ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Transition Modeling ◽  
Latin American Countries

AbstractThis paper assesses the convergence in per capita income of a group of 18 Latin American countries over the period 1950–2008. We employ a novel regression based convergence test proposed by (Phillips, P. C. B., and D. Sul. 2007. “Transition Modeling and Econometric Convergence Tests.”

Need to Design and Apply a More Effective Anti-Inflationary Plan in Latin America

1989 ◽  
Vol 31 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 105-124
Author(s):  
Felipe Pazos
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Income Distribution ◽  
Capita Income ◽  
Debt Crisis ◽  
Income Growth ◽  
Per Capita Income ◽  
Absolute Poverty ◽  
Urban Riots ◽  
Price Increases ◽  
Per Capita

In recent years, price increases in the inflation-prone countries of Latin America have accelerated from their former customary pace of 2 low digits to 3, 4, or more digits and are inflicting much more economic, social, and political damage than the old, slower price increases ever did. The joint (and inter-related) effects of the debt crisis plus galloping inflation have stopped income growth, reduced per capita income, lowered real salaries, increased unemployment (and underemployment), impaired income distribution, increased absolute poverty, and provoked urban riots.

scholarly journals Improvement of methodical approaches to estimating the efficiency of social assistance in the context of the poverty overcoming policy and unequal possibilities of the population Ukraine

2019 ◽  
pp. 98-110
Author(s):  
Liliia Olifirenko ◽  
Kristyna Koval
Keyword(s):  
Income Distribution ◽  
Capita Income ◽  
Social Assistance ◽  
National Income ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Per Capita Income ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Per Capita

Introduction. Effective social assistance of the government provides the basic needs of the national economy. Methods. The presented research is devoted to the analysis of income distribution among categories of families, presented depending on the availability and quantity of children in order to improve the methodological approaches to estimating the level of per capita income from the number of children being raised in a family. The concept of national income, its distribution and redistribution was studied. The level of average incomes of the population of the country, depending on the number of children who are on the maintenance of the family was analyzed. Results. The research revealed a large number of options for evaluating the effectiveness of government aid, each of which solves specific problems at a certain stage of development of society. At the same time, at the state level, the regulatory impact associated with social assistance in the context of overcoming poverty and the unequal opportunities of the countryʼs population is assessed. However, the assessment is carried out only according to the criteria that are laid down in the program documents and can not comprehensively reflect the current trends and the state of consumers of social services in the dynamics of their socio-economic development. In this connection, a full-fledge dunders tanding of the socio-economic processes and the performance of the authorities is not happening. Discussion. The structural averages (mode, median) per capita income by categories of population and decile coefficient of income differentiation among families with children by selected groups that were identified that contributes to an adequate assessment of social benefits and compensations. And the identification of factors that negatively affect the state of reintegration of citizens to an active economic life (with secondary income distribution) makes it necessary to find new principles of social payments to improve the accuracy of their targeting, which will be the basis for improving the regulatory framework and government program documents.

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