scholarly journals Molecular characterization of xerosis cutis: A systematic review

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0261253
Author(s):  
Ruhul Amin ◽  
Anna Lechner ◽  
Annika Vogt ◽  
Ulrike Blume-Peytavi ◽  
Jan Kottner
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Dry Skin ◽  
Marker Selection ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Total Free Amino Acids ◽  
Review Protocol

Background Xerosis cutis or dry skin is a highly prevalent dermatological disorder especially in the elderly and in patients with underlying health conditions. In the past decades, numerous molecular markers have been investigated for their association with the occurrence or severity of skin dryness. The aim of this review was to summarize the molecular markers used in xerosis cutis research and to describe possible associations with different dry skin etiologies. Methods We conducted a systematic review of molecular markers of xerosis cutis caused by internal or systemic changes. References published between 1990 and September 2020 were searched using ‘MEDLINE’, ‘EMBASE’ and ‘Biological abstracts’ databases. Study results were summarized and analyzed descriptively. The review protocol was registered in PROSPERO database (CRD42020214173). Results A total of 21 study reports describing 72 molecules were identified including lipids, natural moisturizing factors (NMFs), proteins including cytokines and metabolites or metabolic products. Most frequently reported markers were ceramides, total free fatty acids, triglycerides and selected components of NMFs. Thirty-one markers were reported only once. Although, associations of these molecular markers with skin dryness were described, reports of unclear and/or no association were also frequent for nearly every marker. Conclusion An unexpectedly high number of various molecules to quantify xerosis cutis was found. There is substantial heterogeneity regarding molecular marker selection, tissue sampling and laboratory analyses. Empirical evidence is also heterogeneous regarding possible associations with dry skin. Total free fatty acids, total ceramide, ceramide (NP), ceramide (NS), triglyceride, total free amino acids and serine seem to be relevant, but the association with dry skin is inconsistent. Although the quantification of molecular markers plays an important role in characterizing biological processes, pathogenic processes or pharmacologic responses, it is currently unclear which molecules work best in xerosis cutis.

scholarly journals Postprandial lipemia in the elderly involves increased incorporation of ingested fat in plasma free fatty acids and small (Sf 20–400) triglyceride-rich lipoproteins

2011 ◽  
Vol 301 (2) ◽  
pp. E356-E361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guilherme M. Puga ◽  
Christian Meyer ◽  
Sarah Everman ◽  
Lawrence J. Mandarino ◽  
Christos S. Katsanos
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Postprandial Lipemia ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Apo B ◽  
Postprandial Period ◽  
Plasma Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Healthy Elderly ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Young Subjects

In the elderly, the rise in postprandial plasma triglyceride (TG) concentrations is increased, contributing to their increased risk of cardiovascular disease. We sought to determine the incorporation of ingested fat (whipping cream enriched with [1,1,1-13C]triolein) into plasma lipids during the postprandial period in six healthy elderly (67 ± 1 yr old) and six healthy young (23 ± 2 yr old) subjects. Blood and expired air samples were taken before and at 2-h intervals during the 8-h postprandial period. As expected, the area under the curve of postprandial plasma TG concentrations was larger in the elderly compared with the young subjects (152 ± 38 vs. 66 ± 27 mg·dl−1·h, P < 0.05). The incorporation of [13C]oleate in plasma free fatty acids (FFAs) and TG of the small (Sf = 20–400) triglyceride-rich lipoprotein (TRL) fraction was significantly higher in the elderly compared with the young subjects, resulting in increased postprandial contributions of the ingested lipid to plasma FFAs (41 ± 3 vs. 26 ± 6%, P < 0.05) and the small TRL fraction (36 ± 5 vs. 21 ± 3%, P < 0.05) in elderly. Plasma apoB-100 concentration was higher, whereas the rate of oxidation of the ingested lipid was lower ( P < 0.05) in the elderly. We conclude that increased postprandial lipemia in the elderly involves increased contribution of ingested lipid to the plasma small TRLs. This appears to be driven at least in part by increased appearance of the ingested fat as plasma FFA and increased availability of apo B-100 lipoproteins in the elderly.

Efficacy of physiotherapy for spinal kyphosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol v1

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshiki Saimon ◽  
Takashi Kitagawa ◽  
Yuichi Abe ◽  
Ah-Cheng Goh
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Spinal Column ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Systematic Review Protocol ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Review Protocol ◽  
Analysis Protocol

Kyphosis of the spinal column has been reported to increase with age. With the increased in life expectancy and a greater proportion of the elderly, it is predicted that the number of patients with spinal kyphosis will also increase in the future. Physiotherapy is a one of the Conservative treatments for spinal kyphosis. But efficacy of physiotherapy for spinal kyphosis is not clear. The purpose of this systematic review is to examine the benefits and harms of physiotherapy for elderly patients with spinal kyphosis. We used a systematic review protocol template (dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.biqrkdv6). We followed the Preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols (PRISMA-P, 2015) for preparing this protocol.

scholarly journals Defining polypharmacy in the elderly: a systematic review protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. e010989 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyede Salehe Mortazavi ◽  
Mohsen Shati ◽  
Abasali Keshtkar ◽  
Seyed Kazem Malakouti ◽  
Mohsen Bazargan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Systematic Review Protocol ◽  
Review Protocol

scholarly journals The Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Elderly: A Systematic Review

Salmand ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-29
Author(s):  
Milad Moradi ◽  
◽  
Elham Navab ◽  
Farshad Sharifi ◽  
Bahareh Namadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Psychological Problems ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Care For The Elderly ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Study Results ◽  
English Articles ◽  
Underlying Diseases

Objectives: The present study aimed to review the effects of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on the elderly. In this study, we reviewed topics, such as the causes of COVID-19severity in the elderly; the psychological problems of the elderly; the relationship between comorbidities and COVID-19 severity, and the comparison of COVID-19 with other pandemics. Methods & Materials: This systematic review study was conducted in 2020 by searching in international Internet search databases. Boolean Operator (AND, OR) was used for a combined search without a time limit. The search strategy was limited to Persian and English articles using the following keywords: “older adults, COVID-19, psychological problems, social isolation, elderly abuse, ageism”. Finally, based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria of the study, the remaining 58 studies were included in the study. Results: The results of the studies were extracted and the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the elderly were examined in 8 parts, as follows: Why COVID-19 is more common in the elderly and has more complications; what are the mortality and complications of COVID-19 in the elderly; COVID-19 and underlying diseases; psychological problems caused by COVID-19 in the elderly; COVID-19 and abuse in the elderly; COVID-19and ageism in the elderly; the comparison of COVID-19 with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS), and influenza epidemics in the elderly, and care for the elderly during the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic poses serious challenges for the elderly globally. To address these challenges, everyone must work, from government officials to individuals and families. Governments should enact laws that minimize the potential age-related abuse and discrimination and provide equal opportunities for all society members, regardless of age or gender. Families should also be aware of the increasing social isolation of the elderly and keep in touch with them.

Perbedaan Kadar Asam Lemak Bebas Pada Minyak Goreng Yang Mengalami Pemanasan Ulang Dengan Penambahan Bawang Merah (Allium Cepa) Dan Bawang Putih (Allium Sativum)

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 110
Author(s):  
Gervacia Jenny Ratnawati ◽  
Hendra Budi Sungkawa
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Frying Process ◽  
Used Cooking Oil ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Higher Temperature

Abstract: Cooking oil generally can be used for 3-4 times frying. If it used repeatedly, oil will be changed in color. When frying process, double bonds in unsaturated fatty acids will break and formed saturated fatty acids. A qualified oil was contained unsaturated fatty acid more than its saturated fatty acids. The use of oil many times will lead the oil double bond oxidized and form the peroxide group and cyclic monomer, such oil reported damage and harm our health. A higher temperature and a longer time of heating, saturated fatty acids level will be increased. Beside repeatedly frying, oil can be damaged by wrong storage for certain period, consequently triglyceride bond broke and form into glycerol and free fatty acids (FFA). Red onion and garlic contain high antioxidant. The benefits that make them become phenomenal in medical research is their potency in against cancer and other dangerous diseases. They also can be used as crucial antioxidant sources in the fight against free radicals in body. Based on study results showed that the average of free fatty acids (FFA) in used cooking oil that added by garlic was 5,29% and red onion was 5,22%. Statistical test gained by computerized data processing with t-test p value>0,05 so it can be concluded that Ha refused by meaning that there was not a difference between number of FFA in used cooking oil which added garlic and red onion. Abstrak: Minyak goreng biasanya bisa digunakan hingga 3 - 4 kali penggorengan. Jika digunakan berulang kali, minyak akan berubah warna. Saat penggorengan dilakukan, ikatan rangkap yang terdapat pada asam lemak tak jenuh akan putus membentuk asam lemak jenuh. Minyak yang baik adalah minyak yang mengandung asam lemak tak jenuh yang lebih banyak dibandingkan dengan kandungan asam lemak jenuhnya.  Penggunaan minyak berkali-kali akan membuat ikatan rangkap minyak teroksidasi membentuk gugus peroksida dan monomer siklik, minyak yang seperti ini dikatakan telah rusak dan berbahaya bagi kesehatan.  Suhu yang semakin tinggi dan semakin lama pemanasan, kadar asam lemak jenuh akan semakin naik. Selain karena penggorengan berkali-kali, minyak dapat menjadi rusak karena penyimpanan yang salah dalam jangka waktu tertentu sehingga ikatan  trigliserida pecah menjadi gliserol dan asam lemak bebas. Bawang merah dan bawang putih sangat tinggi akan kandungan antioksidannya. Manfaat bawang merah dan bawang putih yang membuatnya fenomenal di dunia medis adalah kemampuannya dalam memerangi kanker dan berbagai penyakit berbahaya. Ia juga dapat dijadikan sumber antioksidan yang sangat ampuh untuk memerangi radikal bebas di dalam tubuh. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh kadar rata-rata kadar asam lemak bebas pada minyak goreng bekas yang ditambahkan bawang putih sebesar 5,29% dan bawang merah sebesar 5,22%. Hasil uji statistic diperoleh pengolahan data secara komputerisasi melalui uji-t  diperoleh nilai p > 0,05, sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa Ha ditolak yang artinya tidak terdapat perbedaan kadar bilangan asam lemak bebas pada minyak goreng bekas yang ditambahkan bawang putih dan bawang merah.

scholarly journals What is the Status of Elderly Abuse in India: A Systematic Review Protocol

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raunaq Singh Nagi ◽  
Sembagamuthu Sembiah ◽  
Anirban Chatterjee ◽  
Rudresh Negi
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Elder Abuse ◽  
Premature Mortality ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
General View ◽  
Social Construct ◽  
Institutional Settings ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
The Status ◽  
Review Protocol

AbstractElder abuse has been identified as one of the major problems of public health globally. Many types of mistreatment practices contribute to elder abuse. Also, the event has been known to occur in community as well as institutional settings such as hospitals and nursing homes. Elder abuse has been shown to affect the quality of life of individuals and increase premature mortality of the elderly. However, majority of elder abuse remains undocumented due to reasons such as fear and lack of awareness of one’s rights among others. Furthermore, the social construct of Indian societies makes the identification and acknowledgement of elder abuse challenging. Although, there have been studies and reports regarding the prevalence of elder abuse in India from various geographical regions, the strength of this evidence is unknown and a general view of prevalence of elder abuse in India is missing.We propose to undertake a systematic review and metanalysis of the published literature from India regarding the prevalence of elder abuse in any setting. For the purpose we will scan various indexing databases for identification of relevant studies and follow standard protocols and guidelines for formulation of evidence. The results of this study will give an entrusted overview of the status of elder abuse in India and aid policy-making initiatives and interventions to be directed accordingly.

scholarly journals Statin therapy and plasma free fatty acids: a systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled clinical trials

2016 ◽  
Vol 81 (5) ◽  
pp. 807-818 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amirhossein Sahebkar ◽  
Luis E. Simental-Mendía ◽  
Claudio Pedone ◽  
Gianna Ferretti ◽  
Petr Nachtigal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Statin Therapy ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trials ◽  
Plasma Free Fatty Acids

Efficacy of compression stockings in preventing post-thrombotic syndrome in patients with deep venous thrombosis: a systematic review and metaanalysis

VASA ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jakob Martin Burgstaller ◽  
Johann Steurer ◽  
Ulrike Held ◽  
Beatrice Amann-Vesti
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Deep Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Compression Stockings ◽  
Post Thrombotic Syndrome ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Preventive Efficacy ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Cochrane Library

Abstract. Background: Here, we update an earlier systematic review on the preventive efficacy of active compression stockings in patients with diagnosed proximal deep venous thrombosis (DVT) by including the results of recently published trials. The aims are to synthesize the results of the original studies, and to identify details to explain heterogeneous results. Methods: We searched the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Scopus, and Medline for original studies that compared the preventive efficacy of active compression stockings with placebo or no compression stockings in patients with diagnosed proximal DVT. Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included. Results: Five eligible RCTs with a total of 1393 patients (sample sizes ranged from 47 to 803 patients) were included. In three RCTs, patients started to wear compression stockings, placebo stockings or no stockings within the first three weeks after the diagnosis of DVT. The results of two RCTs indicate a statistically significant reduction in post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS) of 50% or more after two or more years. The result of one RCT shows no preventive effect of compression stockings at all. Due to the heterogeneity of the study results, we refrained from pooling the results of the RCTs. In a further RCT, randomization to groups with and without compression stockings took place six months after the diagnosis of DVT, and in another RCT, only patients with the absence of PTS one year after the diagnosis of DVT were analyzed. One RCT revealed a significant reduction in symptoms, whereas another RCT failed to show any benefit of using compression stockings. Conclusions: At this time, it does not seem to be justifiable to entirely abandon the recommendations regarding compression stockings to prevent PTS in patients with DVT. There is evidence favoring compression stockings, but there is also evidence showing no benefit of compression stockings.

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