scholarly journals Effects of sequential feeding with adjustments to dietary amino acid concentration according to the circadian rhythm on the performance, body composition, and nutrient balance of growing-finishing pigs

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0261314
Author(s):  
Alini Mari Veira ◽  
Luan Sousa dos Santos ◽  
Paulo Henrique Reis Furtado Campos ◽  
Danilo Alves Marçal ◽  
Alícia Zem Fraga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Nutrient Balance ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Phase 3 ◽  
Body Protein ◽  
Feeding Program ◽  
Daily Gain

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a sequential feeding program (SEQ) with diets varying in amino acid (AA) concentrations in the first and last 12 h of the day on the performance, body composition, and nutrient balance of growing-finishing pigs. Sixty-eight castrated male pigs were distributed in four treatments: a daily feeding program (DP) and three SEQs. In the DP, dietary requirements of AA were adjusted daily. In the SEQ, dietary daily requirements of AA were adjusted every 12 h, providing a low AA concentration in period 1 (P1; 00:00–11:59 h) and a high AA concentration in period 2 (P2; 12:00–23:59 h). In the SEQ, three different levels of low and high AA concentrations were evaluated: ±20%, ±30%, and ±40%. The experiment lasted 82 days and was divided into phase 1 (25–50 kg body weight; BW), phase 2 (50–70 kg BW), and phase 3 (70–100 kg BW). During phase 1, irrespective of dietary AA concentration, SEQ pigs had higher lysine intake, protein gain, and phosphorus efficiency than DP pigs (P ≤ 0.05). Pigs in the SEQ showed a tendency for greater average daily gain, body protein, and body lipids compared to the DP pigs (P ≤ 0.10). During phase 2, SEQ pigs showed a tendency for higher average feed intake in P2 compared to DP pigs (P = 0.07); consequently, average daily gain, body protein, and phosphorus retention tended to increase (P ≤ 0.10). During phase 3, SEQ pigs had a higher average feed intake in P2 than DP pigs (P = 0.03). However, they had a similar body composition (P > 0.05) and a tendency for higher nitrogen excretion (P = 0.06) than DP pigs. Our results suggest that SEQ is an effective approach for improving the performance and body composition of growing pigs.

scholarly journals Dietary Inclusion of Blood Plasma with Yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) Supplementation Enhanced the Growth Performance, Nutrient Digestibility, Lactobacillus Count, and Reduced Gas Emissions in Weaning Pigs

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 759
Author(s):  
Vetriselvi Sampath ◽  
Dong Heon Baek ◽  
Sureshkumar Shanmugam ◽  
In Ho Kim
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Phase 3 ◽  
Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Yeast Phase ◽  
Weaning Pigs ◽  
Daily Gain

This experiment was performed to examine the hypothesis that blood plasma (BP) with yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) supplement in the diet of weaning pigs could provoke the growth performance, nutrient digestibility, fecal microbial, and reduce harmful gas excretion. A total of one hundred and eighty healthy piglets were taken and assigned (complete random blocks) to three dietary treatments as: Phase 1: Treatment (TRT) 1-6% BP; TRT 2-3% BP + 3% yeast; TRT 3-6% yeast. Phase 2: TRT 1-3%; BP., TRT 2-1.5% BP + 1.5% yeast; TRT 3- 3% yeast. Phase 3: TRT 1- Control (CON) (Basal diet); TRT 2- CON; TRT 3- CON for six- weeks. Each treatment had twelve replicates and five (three gilts and two barrows) pigs per pen. Dietary inclusion of BP with yeast supplementation significantly increased the body weight of piglets during phase 2 (p = 0.003) and phase 3 (p = 0.032). In addition, TRT2 group piglets had a significant improvement in average daily gain at the end of each phase and overall (p = 0.047, 0.025, 0.018 and 0.012, respectively). At phase 3, TRT2 group piglets showed a significant improvement on nutrient digestibility of dry matter (p = 0.012) and nitrogen (p = 0.040). The fecal microbiota of TRT2 group piglets showed a tendency to increase the number of Lactobacillus counts at phase 1 (p = 0.07) and phase 2 (p = 0.06) as well as, a significant improvement at phase 3 (p = 0.021). In addition, TRT2 group piglets had trend to decrease NH3 (p = 0.074) and H2S (p = 0.069) during phase 2, and significantly reduced NH3 (p = 0.038) and H2S (p = 0.046) at phase 3. However, the fecal score of piglets remains unaffected during the entire trial. At the end of phase 1 piglets’ IgG (p = 0.008) was significantly increased with the inclusion of BP with yeast supplementation. Based on the positive effects on body weight, average daily gain, nutrient digestibility, Lactobacillus count, and reduced gas emission, we suggest that dietary supplement with BP and yeast in the diet of weaned piglet could serve as an excellent alternative to antibiotics growth promoters.

scholarly journals 78 Evaluation of the growth performance of finishing pigs (Genesus genetics) to titrated levels of dietary lysine

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 58-59
Author(s):  
Russell W Fent ◽  
Jim D Hedges ◽  
Kelly M Peper ◽  
Dennis O Liptrap
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Feed Ratio ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Phase 3 ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Dietary Treatments

Abstract A total of 1,000 Genesus (Oakville, Manitoba, Canada) genetics pigs (51.8 kg body weight) were used to estimate the standardized ileal digestible (SID) lysine requirement by dietary phase. Pigs were penned by sex at 25 pigs per pen. Pens were allotted to one of five dietary treatments in a completely randomized design with eight replicate pens (four barrow, four gilt) per treatment. Growth performance was evaluated in four independent phases in which pens were re-allotted to dietary treatment between phases. Dietary SID Lys concentrations evaluated were 0.78, 0.88, 0.98, 1.08, and 1.18% for phase 1, 0.68, 0.77, 0.86, 0.95, and 1.04% for phase 2, 0.60, 0.67, 0.75, 0.83 and 0.90% for phase 3, and 0.53, 0.60, 0.67, 0.74, and 0.81% for phase 4. Diets were formulated to be isoenergetic within each phase. During phase 1 (52-64 kg), average daily gain (ADG) and gain to feed ratio (G:F) increased (P < 0.01) quadratically with increasing SID Lys. Breakpoint analysis estimated the SID Lys requirement for ADG and G:F for phase 1 at 0.99 and 1.02%, respectively. During phase 2 (64-82 kg), ADG increased (P < 0.10) quadratically as dietary SID Lys increased with a plateau observed above 0.86% SID Lys. Gain:feed increased linearly (P < 0.01) with increasing SID Lys. During phase 3 (82-97 kg) cost of gain was a quadratic response (P < 0.10) with the breakpoint being at 0.76% SID Lys. During phase 4 (97-131 kg), a linear response (P < 0.02) in G:F was observed with increasing SID Lys but with no improvement above 0.67% SID Lys. These data indicate the SID lysine requirement for Genesus finishing pigs to be approximately 0.99% (23.0 g/d) for 52-64 kg, 0.86% (21.9 g/d) for 64-82 kg, 0.76% (20.2 g/d) for 82-97 kg, and 0.67% (21.6 g/d) 97-131 kg.

100 Hybrid Rye May Replace Corn in Diets for Nursery Pigs Without Negatively Affecting Average Daily Gain, but gain:feed May Be Reduced

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 51-52
Author(s):  
Molly L McGhee ◽  
Hans H Stein
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Phase 3 ◽  
Nursery Pigs ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Diarrhea Incidence ◽  
Hybrid Rye ◽  
Daily Gain

Abstract Two experiments were conducted to test the hypothesis that replacing corn with hybrid rye in diets for weanling pig diets will not influence growth performance. In experiment 1, 160 pigs (6.0 ± 0.7 kg) were allotted to 40 pens and 5 treatments (Phase 1 (day 1–7): 0, 3, 6, 9, or 12% hybrid rye; Phase 2 (day 8–21): 0, 5, 11, 16, or 21% hybrid rye; Phase 3 (day 22–34): 0, 15, 30, 45, or 60% hybrid rye). In experiment 2, 128 pigs (5.6 ± 0.5 kg) were allotted to 32 pens and 4 treatments (Phase 1: 0, 8, 16, or 24% hybrid rye; Phase 2: 0, 16, 32, or 48% hybrid rye; Phase 3: 0, 20, 40, or 60% hybrid rye). Individual body weights were recorded at the start and end of each phase, and diarrhea incidence was recorded every other day. Diarrhea incidence was analyzed using proportions with SAS Proc Glimmix, whereas other data were analyzed in SAS Proc Mixed using linear and quadratic contrast statements. In experiment 1, body weights and average daily gain (ADG) did not differ among treatments (Table 1), but in experiment 2, ADG in phase 1 increased (linear, P < 0.05) as rye inclusion increased. In both experiments, overall average daily feed intake increased (experiment 1, quadratic, P < 0.05; experiment 2, linear, P < 0.05) with greater rye inclusion and in both experiments overall gain:feed decreased (quadratic, P < 0.05) as rye replaced corn in diets. Diarrhea incidence decreased (quadratic, P < 0.05) with 6 or 9% rye inclusion in phase 1 of experiment 1, but not experiment 2. To conclude, hybrid rye may replace the majority of corn in diets for nursery pigs without impacting ADG, but gain:feed will be reduced due to greater feed intake.

66 Strategies to Improve Phosphorus Utilization in Growing Pigs: Depletion-repletion Protocols

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 41-42
Author(s):  
Marion Lautrou ◽  
Candido Pomar ◽  
Philippe Schmidely ◽  
Marie-Pierre Létourneau-Montminy
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineralization ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Feeding Strategies ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Phosphorus Use Efficiency ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Phosphorus Intake

Abstract To optimize the use of dietary P by pigs, 5 feeding strategies were studied in a 3-phase feeding trial on 240 pigs (initial bodyweight (BW) of 31 kg): 1) C-C-C providing 100% of digestible phosphorus (Pdig, 4.3 g/kg STTD) and calcium (Ca, 9.7 g/kg) requirement to maximize bone mineralization, 2) L-L-L 60% of the Pdig and Ca requirements of C-C-C, 3) Phyt-Phyt-Phyt (phosphate-free, with phytase, 750, 686, 390 FTU/kg), providing 60% of Pdig and Ca requirements in phase 1, then 100%, 4) and 5) C in phases 1 and 3, and 60% of the need for Pdig in phase 2, associated with 65% of the requirements for Ca (N) or 80% (H), namely C-N-C and C-H-C. The BW and bone mineral content (BMC) were measured at the beginning and end of each phase. The BMC gain (gBMC), average daily gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake (ADFI) were calculated by phase. In phase 1, ADG was lower in the Phyt group than the C group (1.05 vs 1.10 kg/d, P < 0.01) and the BMC of group C and gBMC were higher than those of the Phyt and B groups (P < 0.05). In phase 2, C-C and Phyt-Phyt groups had similar BMC due to higher gBMC in the Phyt-Phyt (27.1 vs 18.4 g/d, P < 0.01). At the end of phases 2 and 3, C-C-C, C-N-C and C-H-C groups had similar BMC. The Phyt and B groups showed an increased phosphorus-use efficiency during phases 1 and 2 (+20% vs C). Phosphorus retention was also higher in the C-N-C and C-H-C groups, during the depletion in phase 2 (+24% vs C, P< 0.05). These results showed the potential of a depletion-repletion strategy including free phosphate diet to reduce phosphorus intake and excretion without affecting final growth performance and bone mineralization because of increased minerals utilization efficacies.

scholarly journals Effects of added dietary salt on pig growth performance1,2

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 396-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dwight J Shawk ◽  
Robert D Goodband ◽  
Mike D Tokach ◽  
Steve S Dritz ◽  
Joel M DeRouchey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Break Point ◽  
Feed Ratio ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Dietary Salt ◽  
Linear Quadratic ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Added Salt

Abstract Three studies evaluated the effects of added dietary salt on growth performance of pigs weighing 7 to 10, 11 to 30, and 27 to 65 kg. In experiment 1, 325 pigs were used with 5 pigs per pen and 13 pens per treatment. Pigs were fed a diet (0.39% Na and 0.78% Cl) for 7 d after weaning, then randomly assigned to diets with either 0, 0.20, 0.40, 0.60, or 0.80% added salt for 14 d. All diets were corn-soybean meal-based with 10% dried whey. Calculated Na concentrations were 0.11, 0.19, 0.27, 0.35, and 0.43% and calculated Cl concentrations were 0.23, 0.35, 0.47, 0.59, and 0.70%, respectively. Increasing salt increased (linear, P < 0.05) average daily gain (ADG) and gain to feed ratio (G:F). For ADG, the linear, quadratic polynomial (QP), and broken-line linear (BLL) models were competing with the breakpoint for the BLL at 0.59% salt. For G:F, the BLL reported a breakpoint at 0.33% while the QP indicated maximum G:F at 0.67% added salt. In experiment 2, 300 pigs were used in a 34-d trial with 5 pigs per pen and 12 pens per treatment. Pigs were weaned at 21 d of age and fed a phase 1 diet (0.50% Na and 0.67% Cl) for 11 d and then a phase 2 diet (0.35% Na and 0.59% Cl) for 14 d. Then pens of pigs were randomly assigned to corn-soybean meal-based diets containing 0.20, 0.35, 0.50, 0.65, or 0.80% added salt. Calculated dietary Na concentration were 0.10, 0.16, 0.22, 0.28, and 0.34% and calculated Cl concentrations were 0.23, 0.32, 0.41, 0.50, and 0.59%, respectively. Overall, ADG and G:F increased (quadratic, P < 0.07) with increasing added salt. For ADG, the QP and BLL had similar fit with the breakpoint for BLL at 0.51% added salt. For G:F, the BLL model predicted a break point at 0.35% added salt. In experiment 3, 1,188 pigs were used in a 44-d study with 27 pigs per pen and 11 pens per treatment. Pens of pigs were randomly assigned to corn-soybean meal-based diets containing 0.10, 0.33, 0.55, or 0.75% added salt. Calculated dietary Na concentrations were 0.10, 0.19, 0.28, and 0.36% and calculated Cl concentrations were 0.23, 0.36, 0.49, and 0.61%, respectively. Overall, there was no evidence to indicate that added salt above 0.10% of the diet affected growth. In conclusion, the BLL models suggested to maximize ADG for 7 to 10 and 11 to 30 kg pigs was 0.59% (0.34% Na and 0.58% Cl) and 0.51% added salt (0.22% Na and 0.42% Cl), respectively. There was no evidence that growth of 27 to 65 kg pigs was improved beyond 0.10% added salt (0.11% Na and 0.26% Cl).

scholarly journals Influence of feeding differentiation on the age at onset of puberty in Brazilian Bergamasca dairy ewe lambs

2016 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Dantas ◽  
E.R. Siqueira ◽  
S. Fernandes ◽  
E. Oba ◽  
A.M. Castilho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Age At Onset ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Plasma Growth Hormone ◽  
Ewe Lambs ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Puberty Onset ◽  
Daily Gain

The objective of the study was to evaluate body growth and age at onset of puberty on lambs fed two specific diets for low and high growth rates. A herd of 20 Brazilian Bergamasca lambs was divided in two groups (n= 10) and kept confined throughout the experimental period, two animals of the same treatment/pen. Two phases were established: Phase 1, from 90 days of age until the onset of puberty; and Phase 2, from puberty onset up to 1 year old. For Phase 1, two distinct diets were formulated, being: Treatment A, which was formulated to obtain an average daily gain of approximately 150g; and Treatment B, for an average daily gain of about 250g. In Phase 2, a balanced, equal diet was provided to both groups. Every 14 days, the animals were weighed and given average daily gain, average daily dry matter intake and body condition score. From the 5th month of age on, in each group, a vasectomized male was used to detect estrus, establishing age at puberty onset and estrus interval for each lamb. Blood samples were collected every 28 days to determine plasma growth hormone concentration. Treatment B lambs gained more weight and had higher body condition score (P<0.05) and there was no difference for age at puberty onset and plasma growth hormone levels (P>0.05) between treatments. It was found that both treatments showed satisfactory performances. Thus, treatment A may be indicated as a reasonable feeding system to achieve positive responses on confined ewe lambs during growth phase.

High inclusion rates of hybrid rye instead of corn in diets for growing-finishing pigs does not influence overall growth performance and most carcass traits are not influenced by hybrid rye

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Molly L McGhee ◽  
Bailey N Harsh ◽  
Hans H Stein
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Treatment Phase ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Phase 3 ◽  
Hybrid Rye

Abstract It was hypothesized that hybrid rye may replace corn in diets for growing and finishing pigs without impacting growth performance, carcass characteristics, or meat quality. A total of 128 pigs (23.69 ± 2.51 kg) were allotted to 4 treatments with 8 replicate pens per treatment. Phase 1 and 2 diets were fed for 35 d each and phase 3 diets were fed for 27 d. Within each phase, pigs were fed a control corn and soybean meal diet or a diet in which 33, 66, or 100% of the corn in the control diet was replaced with hybrid rye. Average daily gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake (ADFI) decreased (linear, P &lt; 0.05) in phase 1 with increased dietary inclusion of hybrid rye. In phase 3, gain:feed (G:F) increased and then decreased (quadratic, P &lt; 0.05) with more hybrid rye in the diet. Overall ADG, ADFI, and G:F did not differ among treatments. Diet did not impact most carcass traits, but loin (visual) and backfat (instrumental L*) color were paler (linear, P &lt; 0.05) with greater inclusion of hybrid rye in the diet. Organ weights increased (linear, P &lt; 0.05) with increased dietary hybrid rye. In conclusion, pigs fed hybrid rye consumed less feed in phase 1, resulting in reduced ADG, but growth performance for the entire growing-finishing period did not differ among treatments. Hybrid rye may replace all the corn in growing and finishing pig diets without diminishing growth performance or carcass quality, but feed intake may be reduced at high inclusion rates.

PSIII-19 The Effect of Xylanase on Finisher Pig Performance

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 170-170
Author(s):  
Laura A Merriman ◽  
Pete Wilcock ◽  
Gustavo Cordero
Keyword(s):  
Phase 1 ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Treatment Data ◽  
Pig Performance ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Small Chain

Abstract The breakdown of long chain arabinoxylans into smaller chain xylo-oligomers by the use of xylanase results in a shift towards fiber utilizing bacteria resulting in production of small chain fatty acids and improved pig performance. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of xylanase (Econase XT; AB Vista) on finisher pig performance. A total of 598 pigs; (37.4 ± 1.0 kg) were fed a single-phase diet for 60 days. Pigs were assigned to two treatments; 0 (CTL) or 16,000 BXU/kg of xylanase (XYL) with 12 pen replicates and 24/25 pigs (mixed sex; gilts and boars) per treatment. The diet was based on wheat, barley, soybean meal, rapeseed meal, and wheat midds; SID Lys: 0.88%, NDF: 14.7%, and NE: 2090 kcal/kg. Average daily gain (ADG), feed intake (ADFI) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were evaluated in phase 1 (0-26d), phase 2 (26-60d) and overall (0-60d). Liveability was measured per treatment. Data were analysed using JMP 12 using the standard least square platform and ANOVA was performed to determine significance at P &lt; 0.05. The model included initial BW as a covariant. The results indicated that there was no effect of xylanase on liveweight, ADG or ADFI at any phase of the finisher period. The use of xylanase improved FCR in phase 2 (2.53 v 2.60: P &lt; 0.05) and overall (2.44 v 2.49 P=0.03). No differences were seen in liveability (CTL; 96%; XYL 98%; P = 0.29). It can be concluded that the use of xylanase can be used in finisher feeds to improve FCR which is linked with greater energy utilisation that has been associated with greater fiber breakdown through xylanase use.

scholarly journals Strategy to blend leftover finisher feed to nursery pigs in a wean-to-finish production system1

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 408-418
Author(s):  
Fangzhou Wu ◽  
Kyle F Coble ◽  
Chad W Hastad ◽  
Mike D Tokach ◽  
Jason C Woodworth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Phase Changes ◽  
Dose Titration ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Phase 3 ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Nursery Pigs

Abstract In wean-to-finish pig production, leftover finisher feed from the previous group is commonly blended with nursery diets as weanling pigs enter the facility. Two experiments were conducted to evaluate feeding the last finisher diet to nursery pigs. The timing (phase) and dose were evaluated. Each experiment used 1,260 pigs from two commercial research rooms with 21 pigs per pen and 30 pens per room (15 pens per treatment). Pigs were fed commercial nursery diets in a five-phase feeding program, and phase changes were based on a feed budget. In experiment 1, pens of pigs (initially 5.83 kg) were blocked by body weight, gender, and room and allotted to one of four treatments. Treatments included standard nursery diets throughout (control) or standard diets with 2.5 kg/pig of the last finisher feed blended at the beginning of phase 2, 3, or 4. Growth responses during the intermediate periods were promptly decreased (P &lt; 0.05) once the finisher feed was introduced regardless of phase in which it was blended. However, during the overall nursery period, blending the finisher diet into phase 2 decreased (P &lt; 0.05) average daily gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake (ADFI), but did not affect gain:feed ratio (G:F), compared with control pigs or those that had blended diet in phase 4 with blending of phase 3 diet intermediate. In experiment 2, weaned pigs were fed common phase 1 and 2 diets before the start of the experiment. At the beginning of phase 3, pens of pigs (initially 10.6 kg) were blocked by body weight and room and allotted to one of four treatments. Treatments consisted of a dose-titration of blending increasing amounts of finisher feed (0, 1.25, 2.50, and 3.75 kg/pig) into the phase 3 nursery diet. Overall, blending increasing amounts of the last finisher feed with phase 3 nursery diet decreased ADG (linear, P = 0.050) and tended to decrease (linear, P &lt; 0.07) ADFI and final body weight. However, there was no evidence for difference in overall G:F. In conclusion, blending finisher feed into the early nursery diets decreased overall ADG and ADFI; however, pigs greater than 11 kg had improved ability to compensate for the negative effects of blending the last finisher feed on overall growth performance. Nevertheless, increasing the amounts of finisher feed fed to 11-kg pigs from 0 to 3.75 kg/pig resulted in a linear decrease in overall ADG and ADFI. Economic analysis indicated no change in income-over-feed-cost due to the timing and dose of blending finisher feed into nursery diets.

PENERAPAN MODEL QUANTUM LEARNING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR AUTOCAD SISWA KELAS X TEKNIK PEMESINAN SMK NEGERI 1 STABAT

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Hasan Saragih
Keyword(s):  
Positive Response ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
First Grade ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Phase 3 ◽  
The Third ◽  
Third Phase ◽  
Quantum Learning

This classroom research was conducted on the autocad instructions to the first grade of mechinary class of SMK Negeri 1 Stabat aiming at : (1) improving the student’ archievementon autocad instructional to the student of mechinary architecture class of SMK Negeri 1 Stabat, (2) applying Quantum Learning Model to the students of mechinary class of SMK Negeri 1 Stabat, arising the positive response to autocad subject by applying Quantum Learning Model of the students of mechinary class of SMK Negeri 1 Stabat. The result shows that (1) by applying quantum learning model, the students’ achievement improves significantly. The improvement ofthe achievement of the 34 students is very satisfactory; on the first phase, 27 students passed (70.59%), 10 students failed (29.41%). On the second phase 27 students (79.41%) passed and 7 students (20.59%) failed. On the third phase 30 students (88.24%) passed and 4 students (11.76%) failed. The application of quantum learning model in SMK Negeri 1 Stabat proved satisfying. This was visible from the activeness of the students from phase 1 to 3. The activeness average of the students was 74.31% on phase 1,81.35% on phase 2, and 83.63% on phase 3. (3) The application of the quantum learning model on teaching autocad was very positively welcome by the students of mechinary class of SMK Negeri 1 Stabat. On phase 1 the improvement was 81.53% . It improved to 86.15% on phase 3. Therefore, The improvement ofstudent’ response can be categorized good.

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