Ikhwanweb: A digital archive for a post-Islamist movement?

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo d’Urbano
Keyword(s):  
Political Violence ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Nodal Point ◽  
Muslim Brotherhood ◽  
Theoretical Concept ◽  
Digital Archive ◽  
The West ◽  
History Of ◽  
A Site ◽  
Islamist Movement

The article looks at Ikhwanweb, the English website of the Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood (MB), from its early days and through the years before the 25th January revolution. The archive is used as a theoretical concept to capture both the symbolic and material struggles that the MB faced while trying to articulate its political vision. As a nodal point where power and knowledge intersect, the concept of the archive was first theorized by Foucault and Derrida. Ikhwanweb is examined as a digital archive, a site for both knowledge and memory production. The first section deals with the main analytical concept; the second tells the troubled history of the material infrastructure required to run the website. Then two main threads are identified and examined. The need to distantiate the organization from political violence and that of reaching out ‘the West’ shaped the content of Ikhwanweb. The website also allowed the group to interact directly with policy-making circles and research institutions. Can this be said to be part of that process Bayat calls post-Islamism? The concluding section reflects on this question and suggests a more ambivalent picture.

scholarly journals The Special Apparatus (al-Niẓām al-Khāṣṣ): The Rise of Nationalist Militancy in the Ranks of the Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood

Religions ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Ahmed Abou El Zalaf
Keyword(s):  
Political Violence ◽  
Systematic Study ◽  
Muslim Brotherhood ◽  
British Colonization ◽  
Special Apparatus ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
History Of ◽  
Shed Light ◽  
The Way

Existing scholarship has largely focused on the role of Sayyid Qutb’s ideas when analyzing the Muslim Brotherhood’s violent history. Perceiving Qutb’s ideas as paving the way for radical interpretations of jihad, many studies linked the Brotherhood’s violent history with this key ideologue. Yet, in so doing, many studies overlooked the importance of the Special Apparatus in shaping this violent history of the Brotherhood, long before Qutb joined the organization. Through an in-depth study of memoires and accounts penned by Brotherhood members and leaders, and a systematic study of British and American intelligence sources, I attempt to shed light on this understudied formation of the Brotherhood, the Special Apparatus. This paper looks at the development of anti-colonial militancy in Egypt, particularly the part played by the Brotherhood until 1954. It contends that political violence, in the context of British colonization, antedated the Brotherhood’s foundation, and was in some instances considered as a legitimate and even distinguished duty among anti-colonial factions. The application of violence was on no account a part of the Brotherhood’s core strategy, but the organization, nevertheless, established an armed and secret wing tasked with the fulfillment of what a segment of its members perceived as the duty of anti-colonial jihad.

Republican Romans

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shushma Malik
Keyword(s):  
Roman Republic ◽  
Early Republic ◽  
The State ◽  
Fin De Siecle ◽  
The West ◽  
Imperial Rome ◽  
Fin De Siècle ◽  
History Of ◽  
Morally Ambiguous Characters ◽  
A Site

This article considers how the Roman Republic could function as a site of decadence for both ancient writers and later critics. While Imperial Rome and its colorful emperors frequently appear in fin-de-siècle literature and artwork, the Roman Republic was also home to a host of morally ambiguous characters. The early Republic is perhaps better known for its heroes—Brutus, Horatius, Cloelia, or Mucius—but even within the characterizations of these seemingly virtuous Romans there is room for accusations of lateness, inadequacy, and decline. The hallmarks of decadence can be found in the long history of Rome, from its foundation through to its “fall” in the West. As such, the moral and material stagnation that is so familiar from decadent references to Imperial Rome can be usefully understood as a result of the decline that was always present in the state and appears even in the biographies of its most illustrious citizens.

scholarly journals From paleontological collections to the Paleontological Museum of Lviv University as an object of historical, cultural and natural values

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 781-793
Author(s):  
Yaryna М. Tuzyak ◽  
Аntonina V. Іvanina ◽  
Halina І. Hotsanyuk ◽  
Іhor V. Shaynoha ◽  
Аndrii Ya. Cherniak
Keyword(s):  
Earth Sciences ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Theoretical Concept ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
The West ◽  
National University ◽  
Western Ukraine ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Geological Sciences

The creation of the Paleontological Museum of Lviv University is the implementation of one of many projects of scientists of geologists and paleontologists in the territory of first Eastern Europe, and later modern Western Ukraine. The foundation of the «temple of muses» of geological sciences (natural sciences, Earth sciences) and their component of paleontology in the West of Ukraine is the stage of formation of geological (paleontological) research and the Lviv geological (paleontological-stratigraphic) school at the Lviv University. The beginning and development of natural sciences – geology and paleontology on a global scale became the basis for the creation of the Geological Faculty and the Department of Historical Geology and Paleontology (1945) at the Lviv University, and the Geological/Paleontological Museum acquired importance in the study, collection, conservation, protection, and popularization of Earth Sciences among various segments of the population. The history of the foundation and the development of the Geological/Paleontological Museum of Ivan Franko National University of Lviv is covered. Prerequisites that contributed to the foundation of the Paleontological Museum are given, the scientific and theoretical concept based on it, the directions of research and the results of achievements of each stage are substantiated. The museum place in the «spectrum» of historical, cultural and natural values has been clarified. The scientific research works of different generations of geologists and paleontologists over the 200-year history and their contribution to the development of Earth Sciences were analyzed. Its significance as a cultural and spiritual center for the development of society is highlighted. The description of the activity of the scientific goals of various political systems in which the territories of the West of Ukraine were located and their contribution to the development of the Paleontological Museum is given. The structure and classification of natural objects (fossils, naturals) of museum collections and foundations by purpose and significance have been determined. Modern and further trends in the development of the Paleontological Museum have been clarified. Fundamental, research, educational and informative, cultural, propaganda aspects of the Paleontologic Мuseum are shown.

scholarly journals Doro Bata Site in Dompu, Nusa Tenggara Barat: Study on Form, Space, and Time

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
I Nyoman Rema ◽  
Ni Putu Eka Juliawati ◽  
Hedwi Prihatmoko
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Cultural History ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
The West ◽  
Space And Time ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
History Of ◽  
A Site ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Cultural Experts

Situs Doro Bata merupakan situs yang memiliki nilai penting bagi sejarah kebudayaan masyarakat Dompu, yang masih dapat disaksikan jejak-jejaknya hingga saat ini. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui bentuk, ruang, dan waktu Situs Dorobata. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi dengan teknik ekskavasi, studi pustaka, dan wawancara. Data kemudian dianalisis secara spesifik, himpunan, dan konteks. Berdasarkan kegiatan penelitian di situs ini, dapat diketahui bahwa Bukit Dorobata berbentuk teras dengan tujuh undakan dan sebuah tangga masuk dari arah barat, dan pada bagian puncaknya ditemukan struktur pondasi yang diduga sebagai pondasi bangunan dengan konstruksi kayu. Situs ini berada pada sebuah bukit yang layak dijadikan hunian mengingat dukungan sumber daya alam di sekitarnya.  Berdasarkan keterangan budayawan dan hasil studi literatur diketahui bahwa situs ini tercipta ketika Dompu mendapatkan pengaruh kebudayaan Majapahit pada abad ke-14, dan diduga ditinggalkan pada abad ke-19 ketika meletusnya gunung Tambora.Doro Bata site is a site that has an important value for cultural history of Dompu society, of which traces can still be witnessed to this day. The purpose of this research is to recognize the form, space, and time of Doro Bata Site. Data collection was done through observation by excavation technique, literature study, and interview. The collected data was then analyzed and summarized. Based on the research activities on this site, it can be evident that the Doro Bata Hill is a seven-step terrace (berundak) and a stairway entering from the west, and at the top part was found a structure presumably as the foundation of a building with wooden construction. This site is located on a hill that deserves to be occupied into the settlement given the support of natural resources in the vicinity area. Based on the information from a number of cultural experts and the results of literature studies, it is known that this site was created when Dompu got the influence of Majapahit culture in the 14th century, and allegedly abandoned in the 19th century during the eruption of Mount Tambora. 

A note on John Hawkins (1761–1841) and the Hawkins archive

2000 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-268
Author(s):  
R. J. CLEEVELY
Keyword(s):  
Major Part ◽  
Reference Lists ◽  
The West ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 1960S

A note dealing with the history of the Hawkins Papers, including the material relating to John Hawkins (1761–1841) presented to the West Sussex Record Office in the 1960s, recently transferred to the Cornwall County Record Office, Truro, in order to be consolidated with the major part of the Hawkins archive held there. Reference lists to the correspondence of Sibthorp-Hawkins, Hawkins-Sibthorp, and Hawkins to his mother mentioned in The Flora Graeca story (Lack, 1999) are provided.

Fictive Mode, ‘Journey to the West’, and Transformation of Space: ‘Ali Mubarak’s Discourses of Modernization

2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 331-358
Author(s):  
WEN-CHIN OUYANG
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Transformation ◽  
Recent History ◽  
Theoretical Principle ◽  
Time And Space ◽  
The West ◽  
Arab Culture ◽  
History Of ◽  
Journey To The West

I begin my exploration of ‘Ali Mubarak (1823/4–1893) and the discourses on modernization ‘performed’ in his only attempt at fiction, ‘Alam al-Din (The Sign of Religion, 1882), with a quote from Guy Davenport because it elegantly sums up a key theoretical principle underpinning any discussion of cultural transformation and, more particularly, of modernization. Locating ‘Ali Mubarak and his only fictional work at the juncture of the transformation from the ‘traditional’ to the ‘modern’ in the recent history of Arab culture and of Arabic narrative, I find Davenport's pronouncement tantalizingly appropriate. He not only places the stakes of history and geography in one another, but simultaneously opens up the imagination to the combined forces of time and space that stand behind these two distinct yet related disciplines.

ANCIENT VALLEYS IN THE WEST PRIBAIKALYE (HISTORY OF FORMATION)

2015 ◽  
pp. 91 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. D. Mats ◽  
I. M. Yefimova ◽  
A. A. Kulchitskii
Keyword(s):  
The West ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Formation
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