scholarly journals From paleontological collections to the Paleontological Museum of Lviv University as an object of historical, cultural and natural values

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 781-793
Author(s):  
Yaryna М. Tuzyak ◽  
Аntonina V. Іvanina ◽  
Halina І. Hotsanyuk ◽  
Іhor V. Shaynoha ◽  
Аndrii Ya. Cherniak
Keyword(s):  
Earth Sciences ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Theoretical Concept ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
The West ◽  
National University ◽  
Western Ukraine ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Geological Sciences

The creation of the Paleontological Museum of Lviv University is the implementation of one of many projects of scientists of geologists and paleontologists in the territory of first Eastern Europe, and later modern Western Ukraine. The foundation of the «temple of muses» of geological sciences (natural sciences, Earth sciences) and their component of paleontology in the West of Ukraine is the stage of formation of geological (paleontological) research and the Lviv geological (paleontological-stratigraphic) school at the Lviv University. The beginning and development of natural sciences – geology and paleontology on a global scale became the basis for the creation of the Geological Faculty and the Department of Historical Geology and Paleontology (1945) at the Lviv University, and the Geological/Paleontological Museum acquired importance in the study, collection, conservation, protection, and popularization of Earth Sciences among various segments of the population. The history of the foundation and the development of the Geological/Paleontological Museum of Ivan Franko National University of Lviv is covered. Prerequisites that contributed to the foundation of the Paleontological Museum are given, the scientific and theoretical concept based on it, the directions of research and the results of achievements of each stage are substantiated. The museum place in the «spectrum» of historical, cultural and natural values has been clarified. The scientific research works of different generations of geologists and paleontologists over the 200-year history and their contribution to the development of Earth Sciences were analyzed. Its significance as a cultural and spiritual center for the development of society is highlighted. The description of the activity of the scientific goals of various political systems in which the territories of the West of Ukraine were located and their contribution to the development of the Paleontological Museum is given. The structure and classification of natural objects (fossils, naturals) of museum collections and foundations by purpose and significance have been determined. Modern and further trends in the development of the Paleontological Museum have been clarified. Fundamental, research, educational and informative, cultural, propaganda aspects of the Paleontologic Мuseum are shown.

Century of Ukraine's diplomatic service

2017 ◽  
pp. 77-94
Author(s):  
Yuriy Makar
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
State Committee ◽  
The West ◽  
Sovereign State ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
National University ◽  
Central Council ◽  
History Of ◽  
Late Twentieth

On December 22, 2017 the Ukrainian Diplomatic Service marked the 100thanniversary of its establishment and development. In dedication to such a momentous event, the Department of International Relations of Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University has published a book of IR Dept’s ardent activity since its establishment. It includes information both in Ukrainian and English on the backbone of the collective and their versatile activities, achievements and prospects for the future. The author delves into retracing the course of the history of Ukrainian Diplomacy formation and development. The author highlights the roots of its formation, reconsidering a long way of its development that coincided with the formation of basic elements of Ukrainian statehood that came into existence as a result of the war of national liberation – the Ukrainian Central Rada (the Central Council of Ukraine). Later, the Ukrainian or so-called State the Hetmanate was under study. The Directorat (Directory) of Ukraine, being a provisional collegiate revolutionary state committee of the Ukrainian People’s Republic, was given a thorough study. Of particular interest for the research are diplomatic activities of the West Ukrainian People`s Republic. Noteworthy, the author emphasizes on the Ukrainian Socialist Soviet Republic’s foreign policy, forced by the Bolshevist Russia. A further important implication is both the challenges of the Ukrainian statehood establishing and Ukraine’s functioning as a state, first and foremost, stemmed from the immaturity and conscience-unawareness of the Ukrainian society, that, ultimately, has led to the fact, that throughout the twentieth century Ukraine as a statehood, being incorporated into the Soviet Union, could hardly be recognized as a sovereign state. Our research suggests that since the beginning of the Ukrainian Diplomacy establishment and its further evolution, it used to be unprecedentedly fabricated and forged. On a wider level, the research is devoted to centennial fight of Ukraine against Russian violence and aggression since the WWI, when in 1917 the Russian Bolsheviks, headed by Lenin, started real Russian war against Ukraine. Apropos, in the about-a-year-negotiation run, Ukraine, eventually, failed to become sovereign. Remarkably, Ukraine finally gained its independence just in late twentieth century. Nowadays, Russia still regards Ukraine as a part of its own strategic orbit,waging out a carrot-and-stick battle. Keywords: The Ukrainian People’s Republic, the State of Ukraine, the Hetmanate, the Direcorat (Directory) of Ukraine, the West Ukrainian People`s Republic, the Ukrainian Socialist Soviet Republic, Ukraine, the Bolshevist Russia, the Russian Federation, Ukrainian diplomacy

Ikhwanweb: A digital archive for a post-Islamist movement?

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo d’Urbano
Keyword(s):  
Political Violence ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Nodal Point ◽  
Muslim Brotherhood ◽  
Theoretical Concept ◽  
Digital Archive ◽  
The West ◽  
History Of ◽  
A Site ◽  
Islamist Movement

The article looks at Ikhwanweb, the English website of the Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood (MB), from its early days and through the years before the 25th January revolution. The archive is used as a theoretical concept to capture both the symbolic and material struggles that the MB faced while trying to articulate its political vision. As a nodal point where power and knowledge intersect, the concept of the archive was first theorized by Foucault and Derrida. Ikhwanweb is examined as a digital archive, a site for both knowledge and memory production. The first section deals with the main analytical concept; the second tells the troubled history of the material infrastructure required to run the website. Then two main threads are identified and examined. The need to distantiate the organization from political violence and that of reaching out ‘the West’ shaped the content of Ikhwanweb. The website also allowed the group to interact directly with policy-making circles and research institutions. Can this be said to be part of that process Bayat calls post-Islamism? The concluding section reflects on this question and suggests a more ambivalent picture.

scholarly journals The Problem of Ukrainian-Polish Coexistence in the Ukrainian Conservative Political Thought of the Interwar Period: Lypynskyi Versus Tomashivskyi in the Framework of Epoch

2021 ◽  
pp. 67-84
Author(s):  
Volodymyr Potulnytskyi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Interwar Period ◽  
Political Thought ◽  
Mutual Understanding ◽  
Main Emphasis ◽  
Western Ukraine ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The One ◽  
Territorial Group

While studying Polish-Ukrainian relations, outstanding Ukrainian conservative thinkers, namely Vjacheslav Lypynskyi and Stepan Tomashivskyi, focused mainly on the problem of distinguishing the role of Poland in the history of the Ukrainian people and on the issue of orientation towards Poland as a factor in the emergence of the Ukrainian state. The role of Poland in the history of the Ukrainian people, according to conservatives, was twofold. On the one hand, it was Poland that paved the way for Ukraine to Europeanization, providing examples of state-style literature and culture. This constructive role of Poland was especially fruitful in comparison with the Asian influences of Moscow. In this context, the conservatives emphasized that these were the Poles who played a key role in the process of separating Ukrainians from Russia, promoting the rise and establishment of the Cossacks and the Hetmanate, as well as creating the very name “Ukraine”. Conversely, the conservatives negatively assessed the Treaty of Hadiach for Ukraine, which, in their opinion, was very rational, on the one hand, and contributed, on the other hand, to the extermination of the elite and aristocratic democracy, and which disorganized the nobility and made it republican by eliminating its chivalrous essence and adding destructive anarchism instead. The conservatives also sharply assessed the Treaty of Warsaw between Petliura and Pilsudski. Simultaneously, Ukrainian monarchists did not consider Poland a force that could play a role in the creation of the Ukrainian state, although they considered the territorial autonomy of Halychyna under Poland as the first stage in educating the citizens of Western Ukraine in the spirit of the state monarchical idea. They took the position of mutual understanding between Ukrainian conservatives and Halychyna Poles in achieving the autonomy of Ukrainian lands under Poland, although they condemned the concept of a federation of Poland and Ukraine in Halychyna under the conditions put forward by Halychyna Ukrainian National Democrats. Conservatives considered such a strategy doomed to failure without the creation of a conservative territorial group in Halychyna composed of local Poles and Ukrainians. Relying heavily on local Poles not affiliated with metropolitan Warsaw, they placed the main emphasis on the internal organization of the monarchists rather than on external allies, including Poland

scholarly journals Komunistyczna Partia Zachodniej Ukrainy i tzw. proces łucki

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 101-113
Author(s):  
Łukasz Bojko
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Communist Party ◽  
Political Party ◽  
Court Records ◽  
Western Ukraine ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Autonomous Movement

COMMUNIST PARTY OF WESTERN UKRAINE AND THE SO-CALLED LUCK TRIALCommunist Party of Poland KPP, operating within the territory of the Second Polish Republic, displayed strong racially-motivated separatist tendencies, which lead to the creation of the Commu­nist Party of Western Ukraine KPZU — an autonomous movement operating within the KPP struc­tures. In the mid-thirties of 20th century KPZU activists were put in the dock in the so-called Luck trial, the most prominent trial of communists in pre-war Poland. Drawing mainly upon court records, the author presents the history of this marginal political party and describes the Luck trial.

scholarly journals QUATERNARY PALAEOGEOGRAPHY AT THE LVIV UNIVERSITY: MAIN ACHIEVEMENTS IN THE XXI CENTURY AND PROSPECTS

2020 ◽  
pp. 30-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andriy Bogucki ◽  
Olena Tomeniuk ◽  
Andriy Yatsyshyn ◽  
Roman Dmytruk
Keyword(s):  
River Valley ◽  
Quaternary Sediments ◽  
Geophysical Research ◽  
Quaternary Period ◽  
River Terraces ◽  
Scientific Papers ◽  
National University ◽  
Western Ukraine ◽  
History Of ◽  
Close Cooperation

The Department of Geomorphology and Palaeogeography of the Faculty of Geography at the Ivan Franko National University of Lviv employs a group of palaeogeographers (A. Bogucki, O. Tomeniuk, A. Yatsyshyn, R. Dmytruk), which comprehensively studies Quaternary sediments in Western Ukraine and other territories of the country. The thematic focus of palaeogeographic research is very diversified: the study of key sections of Quaternary sediments; conditions of formation and structure of periglacial loess-palaeosol sequences; research of the deposits of the glacial complex; periglacial processes and forms; the role of tectonics in the formation of Quaternary sediments; interdisciplinary research of the Palaeolithic; engineering and geological investigations; geophysical research; mineralogical research; weathering of anhydrite; study of the Holocene stage of the formation of the Dnister River valley; river terraces; lithology of alluvium; study of the Vyshnia River valley; malacological research; research of travertines, history of geography, etc. The selected issues are a priority research topic of the palaeogeographic group of the Department of Geomorphology and Palaeogeography. On the occasion of the 70th anniversary of the department, an attempt to summarize the scientific achievements of palaeogeographers over the past twenty years, particularly in thematic directions of research, was made. A large amount of new original factual material has been received, a significant number of international and Ukrainian scientific grants have been implemented, ten PhD students have defended their theses and received a PhD degree, more than 500 scientific papers have been published, more than half of which are in European Union languages. Due to the limited scope of this article, the greatest attention among all of the publications is paid to selected monographic works, collections of scientific papers prepared by researchers, papers in the journals from Scopus and Web of Science databases, and some others. It is worth mentioning the close cooperation of palaeogeographers of the Faculty of Geography with researchers from Ukraine, Poland, Belarus, Lithuania, France, Belgium and other countries. Without doubts, there are all the reasons to talk about a progressive palaeogeographic school at the Faculty of Geography, whose work is gaining momentum. Key words: palaeogeography; key sections; loess-palaeosol sequence; Quaternary period; periglacial processes; Palaeolithic.

scholarly journals Freshwater molluscs fauna of Western Ukraine and its representation in museum collections of Lviv

2020 ◽  
pp. 41-52
Author(s):  
Roman Gural
Keyword(s):  
Dreissena Polymorpha ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Taxonomic Composition ◽  
Zoological Museum ◽  
Bivalve Molluscs ◽  
Freshwater Molluscs ◽  
National University ◽  
Species Lists ◽  
Western Ukraine ◽  
History Of

Based on the literary and personal data, as well as collections of the State Museum of Natural History of the NAS of Ukraine and the Zoological Museum of the Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, the taxonomic composition and peculiarities of the spatial distribution of gastropods and bivalve molluscs in Western Ukraine have been analyzed. Species lists have been drawn up for the Volhynian (Western) Polissia, Volhynian Upland, Male Polissia, Roztochya and Opillya, Western Podillia, Central (Northern) Podillia, Prut-Dnister interfluve, Ciscarpathian, Transcarpathian lowland and mountainous part of the Ukrainian Carpathians. It is established that in the west of Ukraine, 74 autochthonous and 6 adventitious freshwater molluscs with generally recognized species status, belonging to 35 genera and 15 families, can be considered as reliably registered. Adventitious to Western Ukraine are Potamopyrgus antipodarum, Physella acuta, Menetus dilatatus, Dreissena polymorpha, D. bugensis, Sinanodonta woodiana. Additional confirmation requires the presence of Lithoglyphus pyramidatus, Omphiscola glabra, Physella heterostropha, Planorbis carinatus, Pisidium conventus, P. tenuilineatum. Not taking into account the Central Podillia, poorly researched by malacologists, a distinctly pronounced decrease in the species richness of freshwater molluscs is observed only in the mountainous part of the Ukrainian Carpathians (38 species, 17 genera, 8 families), with the presence of some specific components of freshwater molluscs complexes (small gastropods of the genera Bythinella і Paladilhiopsis). The richest taxonomic composition of freshwater molluscs was noted for Volhynian Polissia: 67 species, 29 genera, 15 families. It has been found that most freshwater molluscs are evenly distributed throughout the plain and foothill territories of Western Ukraine. Only few species can be considered as specific components of freshwater malacocomplexes for one of the physical-geographical areas or river basins. A number of species that are not present in the malacological collection of SMNH NASU, as well as the territories poorly represented in it, have been identified. The results obtained will be taken into account when further collecting the museum collection.

scholarly journals ІСТОРІЯ СТВОРЕННЯ ТА НАУКОВО-МЕТОДИЧНА РОЛЬ КОЛЕКЦІЇ ІСТОРИЧНОГО КОСТЮМА «КОСТЮМОТЕКА»

2019 ◽  
pp. 9-18
Author(s):  
І. М. Грищенко ◽  
Г. В. Кокоріна ◽  
Т. В. Ніколаєва
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
University Of Technology ◽  
National University ◽  
Fashion Theory ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Fashion Designers ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact

Analysis of the conditions for creating a collection of historical costume, which is stored at the Kyiv National University of Technology and Design. Determining the impact of the collection on the process of preparing specialists in the field of fashion. The history of the creation of the collection and its structure are investigated systematically, objectively, in conjunction with the actual problems of modern fashion theory. Special attention is focused on the use of comparative tools and experimental studies. The necessity of creating a collection of historical costume at the faculty, which prepares fashion designers, was justified. Modern scientific methods of reproducing historical clothing were analyzed, a circle of sources for practical research of authentic samples was outlined. The history of the creation of the collection and the problems encountered by the project participants was described. The structure of the collection was analyzed, which today accounts for more than 500 samples of clothing, additions and accessories, and reflects the history of world fashion from antiquity to the twentieth century. The article also presents an overview of the main events on the presentation of the collection at various exhibition venues in recent years, emphasizing the importance of such events for promoting information about the activities of the University. The article is illustrated with unique photographs from the archive of the author, most of which are published for the first time.

scholarly journals LEGALIMPLICATIONS OF STREET ART AS A ‘DEMOCRATIZED’/’OPEN’ FORM OF ART

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (28) ◽  
pp. 210
Author(s):  
Fernando Loureiro Bastos
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Theoretical Concept ◽  
Street Art ◽  
Legal Concept ◽  
Works Of Art ◽  
Control Production ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Ephemeral Art ◽  
Legal Concepts

The prestige of street art as an artistic expression has increased year after year. The analysis of its legal implications must take into account the difficulties in reaching a general operative concept of street art and the need to legally frame the creation, preservation and transaction of street art productions. Since the legal concept is not equivalent to the theoretical concept or the history of art, each State and even each municipality can create their own legal concepts, acting in accordance with these specific concepts in order to control production, to punish execution as vandalism or, in contrast, to protect works produced as part of their cultural heritage. Although street art is created in and for open spaces, usually as an ephemeral art, the commercial interest in street art productions raises questions of due diligence during its transaction, such as those related to ownership, authenticity and even provenance. As an expression of an artistic movement started about half a century ago, can street art works be equated with “traditional” works of art (such as “goods” or “merchandises”), being subject to ownership, commercial sale and copyright, or must they be appreciated as artifacts that can be preserved as part of the cultural heritage or, alternatively, starting from the specific artistic and creative intent of the artist, be understood as a type of works of art that require the creation of new legal categories and forms of understanding its meaning?

A Cultural History of Objects in the Medieval Age

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Semple
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
Cultural History ◽  
The West ◽  
Material World ◽  
Everyday Objects ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Power And Agency

A Cultural History of Objects in the Medieval Age covers the period 500 to 1400, examining the creation, use and understanding of human-made objects and their consequences and impacts. The power and agency of objects significantly evolved over this time. Exploring objects and artefacts within art, technology, and everyday life, the volume challenges our understanding of both life worlds and object worlds in medieval society. The 6 volume set of the Cultural History of Objects examines how objects have been created, used, interpreted and set loose in the world over the last 2500 years. Over this time, the West has developed particular attitudes to the material world, at the centre of which is the idea of the object. The themes covered in each volume are objecthood; technology; economic objects; everyday objects; art; architecture; bodily objects; object worlds.

scholarly journals The Conception of Culture, Values and Identity of Iran in Shaykh Fazlallah Nuri's Writings

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2(2)) ◽  
pp. 151-163
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Abassy
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Model ◽  
Religious Leader ◽  
The West ◽  
God's People ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation ◽  
British Embassy ◽  
Semantic Transformation

The aim of this analysis of Nuri’s writings is the creation of a model of culture which is based on the semantics of the notions qanun, eslam, mosvat, horriyat, mashrute/mashru'e, qanun-e asasi. Investigations into the model of culture proposed by Nuri will allow us to distinguish its specific features and to discover its roots and condition at the time of confrontation with an alternative model. The word qanun ‘law’ is the central one in Nuri’s texts of the mashrute period. The history of its semantic transformation has its roots in the 1850s and the first contacts of the Iranian people with the West. Nuri inquired as to the semantics of the notions of qanun, mosavat, horriyat (azadi) and mashrute in discussions during the time of bast in Abdolazim mosque and in the conversations with representatives of the British embassy. He acted against these elements of law. He regarded himself as a religious leader for his community which, as a whole, constituted God’s people whose final purpose was salvation.

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