scholarly journals Gender gaps in science: systematic review of the main explanations and research agenda

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecilia Tomassini
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Student Performance ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Educational Systems ◽  
Individual Choice ◽  
Gender Gaps ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Occupational Expectations ◽  
Research Agendas

Despite improvements in the incorporation of women in tertiary education and science, today persist several gender gaps in some scientific and technological areas worldwide. Understanding the factors that determine these gaps is essential to the incorporation of women into knowledge societies in terms of equity. The present research sought to explore and systematize the explanations given to this phenomenon by the international literature in the last four decades. The objectives were: (1). Analyze the evolution of the main research agendas and categorize these into groups (or clusters) of explanations, and (2) discuss the challenges that research agendas face in addressing the phenomenon in a multi-causal way. The data were obtained from the articles contained in the Web of Science (WoS) and were subjected to a systematic review using bibliometric and qualitative techniques. The analysis reveals an important growth of the research in this area within the social sciences, which is grouped into five main types of explanation: (1) student performance in STEM areas, (2) influence of gender stereotypes and models, (3) interests and educational-learning experiences, (4) educational-occupational expectations and choices, and (5) uneven advancement and performance in scientific careers. Evolution shows that explanations about performance and individual choice have lost weight in the present, giving rise to explanations about the influence of gender stereotypes and models within educational systems and socialization stages. This study thus contributes to the understanding of the causal factors that have determined gender gaps in science while identifying some gaps in research agendas.

scholarly journals Individual choice of management research agendas

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-45
Author(s):  
Noha El-Bassiouny ◽  
Ahmed Amin ◽  
Ahmad Jamal
Keyword(s):  
Future Development ◽  
Ethical Principles ◽  
Individual Choice ◽  
Management Research ◽  
Philosophical Approach ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Main Research ◽  
The Future ◽  
Research Agendas ◽  
Islamic Literature

Purpose The main research attempts guiding questions about management research agendas had been relevance questions versus rigor questions. Researchers have also attempted to set management research agendas in particular sectors. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, no research, however, has addressed the infrastructural and foundational questions of what moral priorities and ethical principles should guide the future development of management research. Because the Islamic theological approach is a “transcendental values integration” approach, it presents a potentially viable source of reference particularly for scholars interested in ethical philosophical paradigmatic approaches. Islamic literature has presented guiding principles as to how to balance priorities through the Jurisprudence of Priorities (Fiqh Al-Awlawiyyat). The purpose of this exploratory conceptual paper is to synchronize the Islamic background literature on the jurisprudence of priorities with management research development and agendas. The research is exploratory in nature. Design/methodology/approach The paper is conceptual, merging Islamic literature with management research for the development of a framework to potentially guide management researchers in prioritizing their research agendas. Findings The research resulted in the conceptualization of a framework aiding researchers in the prioritization of their research agendas. Research limitations/implications The research has implications for management scholars who are interested to prioritize their research projects and agendas. The research presents a schematic diagram and guiding framework through which scholars can reflect on their choice of research topics. Practical implications The research is also relevant to funding agencies as they devise the funding priorities in the management field. Originality/value This paper addresses the unique and foundational question of what moral priorities and ethical principles should guide the future development of management research. The authors build on a religious-philosophical approach, drawing on the Islamic jurisprudence of priorities as a literature base. The authors, therefore, address the key principles of responsible research regarding how it can be relevant on the infrastructural level to society and how the benefit to key stakeholders should be tackled. To the authors’ knowledge, this was not done in previous literature.

scholarly journals A Systematic Review of Digital Storytelling in Improving Speaking Skills

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 9829 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viknesh Nair ◽  
Melor Md Yunus
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
English Language ◽  
Digital Storytelling ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Educational Systems ◽  
Teaching Methodology ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Speaking Skills

Educational systems frequently employ technological equipment in a variety of ways to make lessons in an English Language classroom fun and meaningful. For both students and instructors, digital storytelling (DST) has evolved into a useful instructional tool that can be utilised in the teaching and learning process. To answer the research question on the role of digital storytelling in improving students’ speaking skills, The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) was used to systematically review 45 articles sourced from Google scholar and ERIC, and most of these articles highlight the importance of digital storytelling as a contemporary teaching methodology. These articles showed that digital storytelling can be used as a useful tool by educators in improving students’ speaking skills from various levels of education, ranging from primary to tertiary education. Most of the authors of these research papers provided empirical proof that substantiated the advantages of employing digital storytelling in the classroom to help pupils communicate and speak more effectively.

AN INDUCTIVELY DERIVED RESEARCH FRAMEWORK FOR STUDENT SATISFACTION IN ODL: THE HIGHER EDUCATION ENVIRONMENT

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-57
Author(s):  
Marry Mdakane ◽  
Christo J. Els ◽  
A. Seugnet Blignaut
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Student Satisfaction ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Specific Aspect ◽  
Written Narratives ◽  
Research Framework ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Language Groups ◽  
Education Environment

Student satisfaction, as a key psychological-affective outcome of tertiary education, is a direct measure of the success of Open Distance Learning (ODL). It is therefore vital for ODL Higher Education Institutions to assess and improve student satisfaction constantly. Existing theories on student satisfaction are mostly derived from deductive research, i.e. from research that considers the existing body of knowledge, followed by an investigation of a specific aspect or component, in order to reach a specific conclusion. We, however, maintain the inductive stance that a research framework for student satisfaction in ODL should be derived from students themselves. Accordingly, we purposively collected qualitative data from N=34 South African postgraduate ODL students, representative of various cultural language groups, with regard to student satisfaction. Supported by Atlas.ti, we composed an integrated dataset comprised of students’ responses to two focus-group interviews, as well as students’ written narratives in response to qualitative questions. Through meticulous qualitative data-analysis, we detected data categories, sub-categories, patterns and regularities in the integrated dataset. Theories and findings from the existing corpus of knowledge pertaining to student satisfaction in ODL illuminated our qualitative findings. This paper reports on the knowledge we gained from our participants pertaining to their student satisfaction with the Higher Education (HE) environment, the first of three main research components of an inductively derived research framework for student satisfaction in ODL.

scholarly journals Affectivity and physical habits in adolescents: A systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-75
Author(s):  
Álvaro Cristian Huerta-Ojeda ◽  
Gerardo Riquelme-Vera ◽  
María Mercedes Yeomans-Cabrera
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Child And Adolescent ◽  
School Systems ◽  
Educational Systems ◽  
Training Process ◽  
Electronic Search ◽  
Published Research

Introduction: Affectivity has a fundamental role in educational systems' training process. However, there are no updated studies that show the different socio-affective agents used in the creation of physical habits in the child and adolescent population in school systems. Objective: To review and analyze previously published research that studied the influence of affectivity on children and adolescents' physical habits in school systems. Materials and methods: A systematic review was conducted with articles published between 2010 and 2020, which connected affectivity and physical habits. The electronic search was performed through Web of Science, Scopus, and Scielo databases. All articles that studied the influence of affectivity on the population's physical habits were included. Results: Three studies that analyzed the influence of affectivity on children and adolescents' physical habits were found. Conclusions: At the end of the systematic review, it was demonstrated that there is a significant relationship between affectivity and the physical habits in child and adolescent populations. It was also possible to observe that this influence, positive or negative, determines the child and adolescent population's interest in physical activity and sports in adult life.

A Systematic Review on Leadership Styles in Small and Medium Enterprises

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-26
Author(s):  
S.E. Donny Sita ◽  
N.A. Mohd. Nor
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Leadership Styles ◽  
Leadership Style ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Working Together ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Medium Enterprises ◽  
And Control

Earlier notions of leadership opined that leadership can be found in one's genes that determine how an individual behaves and reacts to his/her surrounding (Bass, 1985). That is, a leader can still be detected in a group of people although nobody may be appointed to lead at the outset. In the past, an individual became a leader through inheritance of a rank or the throne in a country or in an institution. However, the temperament or characteristic of an individual determine whether one can lead or not. A leader acts as a conflict contributor, a resolver or peacemaker, and a punisher (King et al., 2009). Besides being dominant over the rest of the group members, a leader needs to influence the followers too with his/her leadership style. The leadership style of a leader depends on the attitude of him/her to influencing followers in the organisation. The modern era indicates that an uncertainty or complex situations are not uncommon. In a context of a small and medium enterprises (SMEs), turbulences arising in an enterprise require an effective leader to sustain a strong sense of opportunity for all followers. Such participation allows followers to share opinions, make better decisions and control the resources. In fact, followers and the leader cannot be separated. Likewise, leadership runs in tandem with development. Development occurs as leadership pushes it (Banyai, 2009). Hence, without proper leadership to lead the followers, it would be rather difficult to reach the mutual goals of the enterprise (Poskas & Messer, 2015). Also, a good leadership through guidance and effective communication enables followers to improve themselves. Hence, to conduct a relevant systematic review, the current paper is guided by the following main research question: how are leadership styles practiced among leaders in the context of small and medium enterprises? The focus of this paper is on the leaders of small and medium enterprises where followers are working together towards achieving the mutual goals of the enterprise. Keywords: leader; leadership style; PRISMA; small and medium enterprises; systematic literature review

scholarly journals The Pedagogical Leadership of the Mathematics Faculty: A Systematic Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 217
Author(s):  
Inmaculada García-Martínez ◽  
José Ubago-Jiménez ◽  
Jesús López-Burgos ◽  
Pedro Tadeu
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
School Leadership ◽  
Student Performance ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Organizational Structures ◽  
Teacher Professionalism ◽  
Educational Improvement ◽  
Positive Leadership ◽  
And Mathematics

Background: Research on educational leadership has transcended the international sphere. Numerous studies have been developed on this factor of educational improvement. Few is their number, contextualized in the mathematics area and specifically the teachers. Methods: This paper presents a systematic review that highlights the importance of school leadership and mathematics education, providing empirical evidence on the positive impact that the former has on the latter. The method has been adapted to the guidelines promulgated in the PRISMA declaration, to ensure its systematicity. Results: Regarding the results, most of the research included in this review has found positive leadership effects on teacher professionalism, teaching and learning processes, and student performance. Conclusions: As limitations, the prescriptive nature of legislation and organizational structures has been found, which impedes the implementation of more effective leadership modalities.

scholarly journals Analyzing Research Trends in University Student Experience Based on Topic Modeling

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 3570
Author(s):  
Seongyoun Hong ◽  
Taejung Park ◽  
Jaewon Choi
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Topic Modeling ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Student Experience ◽  
Research Trends ◽  
University Student ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Online Technologies ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
The University

This study aims to identify research trends in student experience in higher education through analyzing the topics around which research on university students’ experiences has been conducted. Using the topic modeling technique, the Scopus database for studies published up to 2017 containing the terms “student experience” and either “higher education” or “tertiary education” in their titles, keywords, and abstracts was searched. After excluding overlapping studies, a total of 1211 studies were extracted. The articles were then classified into a total of 21 topics on university student experience, including “Learning with online technologies”, “Practice at the university”, and “Diversity in college”. The results of the current study indicate that it will be possible to offer various programs to support more valuable and better student experience at the university level. Thus, this study elucidates the ways in which research fields regarding student experience have been constructed and the ways in which the main research trends have changed.

scholarly journals Theory of change for the delivery of talking therapies by lay workers to survivors of humanitarian crises in low-income and middle-income countries: protocol of a systematic review

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. e018193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grace Kathryn Ryan ◽  
Andreas Bauer ◽  
Judith K Bass ◽  
Julian Eaton
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Theory Of Change ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Humanitarian Crises

IntroductionThere is a severe shortage of specialist mental healthcare providers in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) affected by humanitarian crises. In these settings, talking therapies may be delivered by non-specialists, including lay workers with no tertiary education or formal certification in mental health. This systematic review will synthesise the literature on the implementation and effectiveness of talking therapies delivered by lay workers in LMICs affected by humanitarian crises, in order to develop a Theory of Change (ToC).Methods and analysisQualitative, quantitative and mixed-methods studies assessing the implementation or effectiveness of lay-delivered talking therapies for common mental disorders provided to adult survivors of humanitarian crises in LMICs will be eligible for inclusion. Studies set in high-income countries will be excluded. No restrictions will be applied to language or year of publication. Unpublished studies will be excluded. Seven electronic databases will be searched: MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, PsycEXTRA, Global Health, Cochrane Library and ClinicalTrials.gov. Contents pages of three peer-reviewed journals will be hand-searched. Sources of grey literature will include resource directories of two online mental health networks (MHPSS.net and MHInnovation.net) and expert consultation. Forward and backward citation searches of included studies will be performed. Two reviewers will independently screen studies for inclusion, extract data and assess study quality. A narrative synthesis will be conducted, following established guidelines. A ToC map will be amended iteratively to take into account the review results and guide the synthesis.Ethics and disseminationFindings will be presented in a manuscript for publication in a peer-reviewed journal and disseminated through a coordinated communications strategy targeting knowledge generators, enablers and users.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42017058287.

scholarly journals Psychology of Forced Displacement and Migration: A systematic review of the scientific literature

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-136
Author(s):  
Jonas CARVALHO e SILVA ◽  
Júlia Sursis Nobre Ferro BUCHER-MALUSCHKE
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Forced Displacement ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Units Of Analysis ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
And Migration ◽  
General Aspects ◽  
Meta Analyses

Abstract Forced displacement is a research field in specific social and cultural contexts. This systematic review aims to identify, describe and analyze the research in Psychology of Forced Displacement and Migration published between 2006 and 2016. The databases selected were PsycINFO, Lilacs and SciELO following the criteria of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses, 2009. Content and methodology were assessed by Critical Appraisal Skill Programme. A total of 34 out of 491 articles fulfilled the eligibility criteria and were categorized in a framework that summarizes the main research questions and methodologies, including authors, research questions, units of analysis, dominant theories, and hypotheses. In conclusion, the framework helped to comprehend the general aspects of the existing research and pointed out interdisciplinary tendencies in the studies on this phenomenon.

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