scholarly journals Efficiency of high-carbohydrate fodder in the diets of Holstein cows

2021 ◽  
pp. 1303-1310
Author(s):  
Irina Mironova ◽  
Alexey Pleshkov ◽  
Azat Nigmatyanov ◽  
Elvira Yarmukhamedova ◽  
Sofia Islamova

Aim: This study aimed to analyze the efficiency of carbohydrate-enriched rations fed to pasture and stall-housed cows. Materials and Methods: Forty Holstein cows were divided into four groups of 10 animals each. The experiment lasted 305 days. All animals were kept under the same conditions, except for the amount of energy-carbohydrate rations fed. The control cows were on a standard diet. Experimental groups 1, 2, and 3 received a ration enriched with energy-carbohydrate components at 250, 500, and 700 g/head/day, respectively. Feed intake was measured on 2 consecutive days each month. During the balance trial, when young animals reached 13 months, feed intake was examined daily. Fodder, its residues, feces, and urine collected during the balance trial were used to determine nutrient digestibility and nitrogen exchange. Results: Nitrogen balance was positive in all experimental animals. Cows in Group 3 made better use of the digested nitrogen. A biochemical blood test showed higher total protein content in the serum of the experimental cows than in the control by 1.47-3.49% (p≤0.05-0.001) in winter and 0.24-0.98% (p≤0.01) in summer. In winter, the serum protein level increased due to changed feeding routines and shorter exercise times, but did not exceed physiological requirements. The alpha- and gamma-globulins levels increased to 0.2-0.5 g/L in winter and 0.3-0.6 g/L in summer, and 0.5-1.4 g/L in winter and 0.1-0.2 g/L in summer, respectively. Beta-globulins decreased. The supplement had a positive effect on milk output, which increased by 67.1-137.3 kg (1.93-3.95%; p≤0.05-0.001) in the first 100 lactation days, then by 198.2-458.8 kg (2.39- 5.53%; p≤0.05-0.001) for the remaining days. All animals had a high milk yield coefficient, with the experimental groups having 0.64-2.64% more milk yield than the control. The lactation curves showed that the average daily milk yield of all experimental cows increased, then gradually decreased along the physiological trajectory from the 3rd month until the end of lactation. Milk quality analysis in the experimental groups indicated an increase in the dry matter content by 0.17- 0.27% (p≤0.001) in summer and 0.16-0.27% (p≤0.001) in winter; higher protein levels by 0.04-0.06% in summer and 0.03- 0.07% (p≤0.05) in winter; increased fat by 0.09-0.14% (p≤0.05-0.001) in summer and 0.09-0.13% (p≤0.05-0.001) in winter; increased density by 0.47-0.61°A (p≤0.05) in summer and 0.17-0.27°A in winter; and increased energy by 1.70-2.63% (p≤0.001) in summer and 1.57-2.54% (p≤0.01-0.001) in winter. Conclusion: The energy-carbohydrate feed "Tanrem" can provide the required energy intake of Holstein cows. The maximum biological and economic effect wads attained at 500 g per animal.

Author(s):  
Hesam A. Seifi ◽  
Julianna M. Huzzey ◽  
M.A. Khan ◽  
Daniel M. Weary ◽  
Marina A.G. von Keyserlingk

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 334-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chalong Wachirapakorn ◽  
Krung Pilachai ◽  
Metha Wanapat ◽  
Pawadee Pakdee ◽  
Anusorn Cherdthong

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 2749
Author(s):  
Dileta Regina Moro Alessio ◽  
João Pedro Velho ◽  
Vicente Celestino Pires Silveira ◽  
Deise Aline Knob ◽  
Marcos Busanello ◽  
...  

The aim of this study was to evaluate the composition, voluntary intake, and digestibility of the diet of Holstein cows, as well as milk yield and milk composition as a function of different roughage sources used under experimental feeding conditions in Brazil, through meta-analysis. The database of this study consisted of 109 experiments with 424 treatments of 3,903 lactating Holstein cows. The data were obtained from studies published between January 2000 and December 2015, and were evaluated by variance analysis. Lactating dairy cow diets with a single source of roughage other than corn silage resulted in lower voluntary intake, milk yield, and differences in milk composition, compared to diets based on corn silage or the combination of two roughages, probably due to reduced nutrient digestibility. Diets based on corn silage are distinguished by feed efficiency, milk yield, and composition. Diets based on the combination of two roughage sources are similar with respect to milk yield and composition, compared to diets based on corn silage; whereas, diets with a single source of roughage (other than corn silage), even when containing a higher proportion of concentrate, led to reduced voluntary intake, milk yield, and food efficiency due to the lower utilization of the nutrients. Diets based on corn silage in general allow a higher proportion of roughage in the diet due to energy density.


1981 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 633-638 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. L. BURGESS ◽  
J. W. G. NICHOLSON ◽  
E. A. GRANT

Two experiments were carried out, using 36 lactating Holstein cows, to determine the effect of three levels (0, 4.5 and 9.0 kg/day) of alfalfa pellets (AP) on the ad libitum consumption of early and late harvested timothy grass silages of different dry matter (DM) content. Cows consumed significantly more wilted than nonwilted silage DM for both the early and late harvested grass, although milk yields were similar for both groups. For the early harvested, wilted and nonwilted silages, feeding AP did not significantly depress silage DM intake until a level of 9.0 kg/day was reached. Total ration DM intake increased significantly with each increment of AP. With the late harvested silages, AP at the 9.0 kg/day level reduced nonwilted silage DM intake while with the wilted silage each increase of AP significantly lowered silage DM intake. Both the 4.5 and 9.0 kg/day of AP increased total DM consumption with the nonwilted silage but 9.0 kg/day of AP was required to significantly increase total DM intake for cows fed the late harvested, wilted silage. Milk yield and milk composition were not changed by the level of AP supplementation or the type of silage fed.


2021 ◽  
Vol 104 (6) ◽  
pp. 7343
Author(s):  
Hesam A. Seifi ◽  
Julianna M. Huzzey ◽  
M.A. Khan ◽  
Daniel M. Weary ◽  
Marina A.G. von Keyserlingk

2003 ◽  
Vol 2003 ◽  
pp. 129-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Rezaeian

During the recent years, the use of yeast products as feed additives has been increased in animal nutrition (Newbold et al 1996). Results from various experiments indicate that these microorganisms are able to alter ruminal fermentation patterns and have positive effects on the performance of ruminants (Wolht, et al. 1998). Therefore, the aim of this experiment was to investigate the effects of Biosaf, a live yeast strain of saccharomyces cerevisiae (Sc 47), on feed intake, milk yield and composition in lactating Holstein cows.


2004 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 279-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prasanth K Chelikani ◽  
John A Bell ◽  
John J Kennelly

We determined the effects of feeding canola oil or infusing it into the abomasum on rumen fermentation, nutrient digestibility, duodenal flows of fatty acids, and milk composition in Holstein cows. Five ruminally and duodenally cannulated Holstein cows in late lactation were used in a 3×5 incomplete Latin square design. Treatments were 1) Control: basal diet (CON), 2) Control+supplementation of canola oil at 1 kg/d in the feed (FED), and 3) Control+abomasal infusion of canola oil at 1 kg/d (INF). Compared with CON, feed intake, ruminal fermentation characteristics, ruminal and total tract digestibilities of nutrients were not significantly affected by FED treatment but duodenal flows and milk concentrations of fatty acids (FA) such as trans-11 18[ratio ]1 and cis-9 trans-11 18[ratio ]2 (conjugated linoleic acid, CLA) were increased. In contrast to the effects of FED, INF reduced feed intake, total VFA production, intestinal flows of nutrients, FA digestibility and yields of milk and milk fat. Both FED and INF significantly reduced the proportions of saturated and medium-chain FA, and increased cis 18[ratio ]1 in milk. Concentrations of 18[ratio ]2n-6 and 18[ratio ]3n-3 in milk were increased nearly 2-fold with INF relative to CON. Dietary or postruminal supplementation of canola oil to late-lactation cows reduced saturated FA and increased unsaturated C18 in milk but nutrient digestion was adversely affected with abomasal infusion of canola oil.


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