scholarly journals LARVA TREMATODA PADA SIPUT AIR TAWAR DI AREAL PERSAWAHAN DAERAH ISTIMEWA YOGYAKARTA

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (3B) ◽  
Author(s):  
Soenarwan Hery Poerwanto ◽  
Dian Antika Kusuma Dewi ◽  
Giyantolin Giyantolin
Keyword(s):  
Total Population ◽  
Freshwater Snail ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Paddy Fields ◽  
Pomacea Canaliculata ◽  
Freshwater Snails ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Fresh Water Snail ◽  
Special Region ◽  
Yogyakarta City

The life cycle of Digenea subclass trematodes  that mostly involves snails as intermediate host in the larval stage in the form of sporocysts, redia and cercariae. This study aims to determine the species of freshwater snails, populations and stages of trematoda larvae that infect freshwater snails in the paddy fields and also the factors that influence the population of trematoda larvae. This research method uses purposive random sampling. Snails were collected from paddy fields in Sleman Regency, Yogyakarta City and Bantul Regency, Special Region of Yogyakarta. Snails and Trematodes larvae were identified based on morphological characters with a microscope. The results showed that the species of freshwater snail as  an inang antara  of Trematode was Lymnaea sp. (96.9%), Pomacea canaliculata (2.6%), and Brotia sp. (0.5%). The total population of trematoda larvae in freshwater snails was 4329 individuals with the largest population in Sleman Regency (2784 individuals). Trematode larval stages found were sporocysts (4.8%), redia (8.3%), Leptocercous type cercariae (35.2%), and Furcocercous type cercariae (51.7%). The most trematode larvae found in  fresh water snail was  Furcocercous type cercariae. Factor affecting trematode larvae population are the species and abundance of freshwater snail. 

Climbing rice plants above the waterline: escape of freshwater snails from underwater predation by snail-eating specialists

2020 ◽  
Vol 130 (4) ◽  
pp. 751-755
Author(s):  
Masakazu Hayashi ◽  
Shinji Sugiura
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Chemical Cues ◽  
Freshwater Snail ◽  
Paddy Fields ◽  
Freshwater Snails ◽  
Escape Behaviour ◽  
Central Japan ◽  
Rice Plants ◽  
Freshwater Molluscs ◽  
Specialist Predators

Abstract Freshwater molluscs have physical defences such as shells to protect their inner soft bodies from underwater predators. However, some predators have specialized mouthparts that can destroy the snail’s tough and/or spiral shells. Therefore, these snails could have evolved specific defences against their specialist predators. We observed the freshwater snail Austropeplea ollula (Pulmonata: Lymnaeidae) frequently climbing rice plants above the water in paddy fields in Shimane, central Japan. We also found the beetle larvae of Hydrophilus acuminatus (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae), which are known as snail-eating specialists, in waters of the same paddy fields. We hypothesized that A. ollula climbs rice plants above the water to escape underwater predation by H. acuminatus and that the escape behaviour of snails may be specifically triggered by chemical cues from snail-eating specialists and/or killed conspecifics. To test both these hypotheses, we conducted laboratory experiments. The results demonstrated that chemical cues (e.g. body fluids) from killed conspecifics could trigger A. ollula to crawl above the waterline. Furthermore, chemical cues (e.g. scent and digestive enzymes) from H. acuminatus could promote the behaviour. Therefore, A. ollula can successfully escape from H. acuminatus by climbing the rice plants above the water.

The life cycle and transmission dynamics of the larval stages ofHypoderaeum conoideum

2000 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Muñoz-Antolí ◽  
R. Toledo ◽  
J.G. Esteban
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Freshwater Snail ◽  
Transmission Dynamics ◽  
Freshwater Snails ◽  
Snail Species ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Life History Stages ◽  
First Intermediate Host

AbstractThe morphology of the different larval stages and life cycle ofHypoderaeum conoideum(Trematoda: Echinostomatidae) are described. The freshwater snail speciesLymnaea peregra(Gastropoda: Lymnaeidae) serves as the natural first intermediate host and this andL. corvusserve as experimental first intermediate hosts. These and other freshwater snails, such asPhysella acutaandGyraulus chinensis, in turn serve as second intermediate hosts. Adult worms were obtained from chicks and ducks, but not from rats, mice and golden hamsters. The morphology of the larval stages is compared with previous work onH. conoideum. Several aspects of the biology of the life history stages are described with emphasis on the transmission dynamics of the free-living stages. Differential suitability of the snail species that may act as first and/or second intermediate hosts is studied and discussed.

scholarly journals Cercarial fauna of freshwater snails in selected agricultural areas in Laguna, Philippines

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-86
Author(s):  
V. G. V. Paller ◽  
J. R. M. Macaraig ◽  
R. T. Verona ◽  
L. A. Estaño
Keyword(s):  
Infected Snail ◽  
Freshwater Snail ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Pomacea Canaliculata ◽  
Freshwater Snails ◽  
Snail Species ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Habitat Types ◽  
Public Health Importance ◽  
Agricultural Areas

SummaryFreshwater snails serve as one of trematodes’ intermediate hosts. Previous studies on trematode larval stages in the Philippines have largely focused on species with public health importance. This study sought to investigate the prevalence of cercarial morphotypes in several freshwater snail species found in different habitat types (rice field, irrigation canals, and residential area) in selected agricultural areas in Los Baños and Bay in Laguna. Cercarial emergence was induced through exposure to artificial light. A total of 2,720 freshwater snails were collected and were represented by seven species, namely, Melanoides tuberculata Muller 1774 (n = 1229), Radix quadrasi von Moellendorf (n = 630), Tarebia granifera Lamarck, 1816 (n = 417), Pomacea canaliculata Lamarck 1819 (n = 257), Vivipara angularis philippinensis Nevill (n = 18), Stenomelania sp. (n = 104), Thiara scabra Muller 1774 (n = 65). A 2.57 % over-all prevalence was recorded; the infected snail species were M. tuberculata (2.21 %), R. quadrasi (0.21 %), T. granifera (0.11 %). Four cercarial morphotypes, namely, Parapleurolophocercous cercaria (1.80 %), Virgulate xiphidiocercaria (0.26 %), Megaluruous cercaria (0.29 %), and Echinostome cercaria (0.22 %) were recovered from the infected snail species. Prevalence of cercarial infection was significantly different (p < 0.05) among habitat types.

scholarly journals Comparison of Invasive Apple Snail (Pomacea canaliculata) Behaviors in Different Water Temperature Gradients

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1149
Author(s):  
Mi-Jung Bae ◽  
Eui-Jin Kim ◽  
Young-Seuk Park
Keyword(s):  
Water Temperature ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Freshwater Snail ◽  
Freshwater Ecosystems ◽  
Pomacea Canaliculata ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Self Organizing Map ◽  
Apple Snail ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Organic Farming Systems

Pomacea canaliculata (known as invasive apple snail) is a freshwater snail native to South America that was introduced into many countries (including Asia and North America) as a food source or for organic farming systems. However, it has invaded freshwater ecosystems and become a serious agricultural pest in paddy fields. Water temperature is an important factor determining behavior and successful establishment in new areas. We examined the behavioral responses of P. canaliculata with water temperature changes from 25 °C to 30 °C, 20 °C, and 15 °C by quantifying changes in nine behaviors. At the acclimated temperature (25 °C), the mobility of P. canaliculata was low during the day, but high at night. Clinging behavior increased as the water temperature decreased from 25 °C to 20 °C or 15 °C. Conversely, ventilation and food consumption increased when the water temperature increased from 25 °C to 30 °C. A self-organizing map (an unsupervised artificial neural network) was used to classify the behavioral patterns into seven clusters at different water temperatures. These results suggest that the activity levels or certain behaviors of P. canaliculata vary with the water temperature conditions. Understanding the thermal biology of P. canaliculata may be crucial for managing this invasive snail.

Pomacea maculata.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rob Cowie ◽  
Romi L. Burks ◽  
Amy E. Miller ◽  
Alexandria L. Hill
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
South America ◽  
Species Identification ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Freshwater Snail ◽  
Pomacea Canaliculata ◽  
Apple Snail ◽  
Pomacea Maculata ◽  
Golden Apple Snail ◽  
History Of

Abstract P. maculata is a freshwater snail native to a wide geographical area in South America from the Rio de la Plata in Argentina and Uruguay to the Amazon in Brazil. It is commonly confused with any number of similar large apple snails, including the well-known invasive golden apple snail Pomacea canaliculata (listed among '100 of the world's worst invasive species'). Both species have been introduced to South-East and East Asia, although for many years they were not distinguished and the Asian introductions were widely identified as "golden apple snails" and the name P. canaliculata was applied to them. Due to the confusion in species identification, the history of introduction of P. maculata remains somewhat uncertain as does its invasiveness and pest potential. Much of the literature is confounded, for example, the snails illustrated by Cowie (2002) as P. canaliculata are in fact P. maculata. The majority of invasive populations in Asia appear to be P. canaliculata, often not mixed with P. maculata (Hayes et al., 2008; Tran et al., 2008) and the pest potential of P. canaliculata in such cases is clear. However, much less has been written about the invasiveness and pest potential of 'P. maculata'.

A NEW ENDEMIC SPECIES OF BEGONIA (BEGONIACEAE) FROM THE SOCOTRA ARCHIPELAGO

2002 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 273-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. HUGHES ◽  
A. G. MILLER
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Endemic Species ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Restricted Distribution ◽  
Socotra Archipelago

The new species Begonia samhaensis, in section Peltaugustia (Warb.) Barkley, is described from the island of Samha in the Socotra archipelago. It differs from the only other species in the section, B. socotrana Hook.f., in a number of gross morphological characters and is likely to be a relict taxon rather than the result of more recent dispersal and divergence. A revision of sect. Peltaugustia is presented. Detailed surveys have been carried out on both species. The new species has a restricted distribution and a total population of fewer than 1000 individuals, and is recommended to be placed in the IUCN category VU D1, 2. Begonia socotrana has been found in new sites, and is locally common in parts of its range. Its current placing in the IUCN ‘Vulnerable’ category is considered to be unwarranted, and it is recommended that the species should be listed as ‘Least Concern’.

scholarly journals Morphometry of adults and larval stages of Cicadatra persica (Cicadidae: Hemiptera) distributed in Erneh, Syria

2016 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
M.A. Derdar ◽  
H.M.R. Belal
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Mean

This study was conducted in order to describe and measure the morphological characters of adults and larval stages of the cicada <em>Cicadatra persica</em> distributed in Erneh, Syria. Eggs, newly hatched nymphs, fully developed nymphs, exuviae and adults were described and measured. The mean lengths of eggs (1.9±0.1 mm) were the same as newly hatched nymphs (1.8±0.174 mm), whereas the mean length of the fully developed nymphs (3.1±0.185 cm) was longer than the adults. Several parts of adults’ body (males and females) were measured. The results show that the mean of females bodies (2.60±0.118 cm) were larger than males ones (2.45±0.192 cm), nevertheless, there were no significant differences between them.

scholarly journals Competitive interactions between species of freshwater snails: I. Laboratory: Ia. General methodology

1983 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 335-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederico Simões Barbosa ◽  
Dirceu P. Pereira da Costa ◽  
Francisco Arruda
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Freshwater Snail ◽  
Current Paper ◽  
Competitive Interactions ◽  
Laboratory Work ◽  
Freshwater Snails ◽  
Technical Advance ◽  
General Methodology ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Set Up

For the development of laboratory experiments on the competitive interacitons between freshwater snail populations, special snail rooms were set up in the main building of the Research Center "Aggeu Magalhães". In the current paper, the first of a series on this subject, the general methodology of the laboratory work is described in detail. Using indoor cement channels in which a uniform seminatural environment was created, interactions of freshwater snail populations can be studied with minimal interference of the usual variables. Controlled indoor environmental techniques, as described in the current paper, may also be utilized in different types of experiments in malacology, and represent a substantial technical advance in malacological work.

Larval development of the shrimp Hippolyte sapphica d’Udekem d’Acoz, 1993 forma A and B (Decapoda: Caridea: Hippolytidae) reared in the laboratory, confirmation of the conspecific status of the two forms

Zootaxa ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 2579 (1) ◽  
pp. 45 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALEXANDROS NTAKIS ◽  
CHRYSSA ANASTASIADOU ◽  
ROMAN LIASKO ◽  
IOANNIS D. LEONARDOS
Keyword(s):  
Related Species ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Laboratory Confirmation ◽  
Bibliographic Data ◽  
Immature Form ◽  
Complete Series ◽  
First Time

The complete series of larval staging of Hippolyte sapphica d’Udekem d’Acoz, 1993 forma A and B from Louros estuary was studied in the laboratory and described in detail for the first time. The reared larvae of H. sapphica passed through six zoeal stages and one megalopal stage. The larval monitoring completed when the individuals could be assigned clearly to form A and B via rostra formation. Under the experimental conditions, the average durations of the larval stages were as follows: three days for 1 st and 2 nd stages, three to four days for 3 rd , 4 th , 5 th and 6 th stages, four days for the megalopal stage and 19 to 30 days for immature form A and B individuals. Comparison of the larval morphological characters among the described material and the bibliographic data of closely related species was made and discussed. The offspring of females of the forma A includes forma A and B and the same can be said of the offspring of the forma B. This confirms that the formae A and B are indeed conspecific.

Cercarial trematodes in freshwater snails from Bangkok, Thailand: prevalence, morphological and molecular studies and human parasite perspective

Parasitology ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Pichit Wiroonpan ◽  
Thapana Chontananarth ◽  
Watchariya Purivirojkul
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Freshwater Snails ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Livestock Farming ◽  
Digenean Trematode ◽  
Human Parasite ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
And Control ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction Methodology

Abstract We investigated the prevalence, morphological characters and molecular classifications of trematode cercariae in freshwater snails randomly collected from 59 sampling localities in Bangkok from May 2018 to March 2019. We used a crushing technique to observe the cercarial stage inside each snail body and amplified the internal transcribed spacer 2 regions of cercarial DNA using polymerase chain reaction methodology. The associated phylogenetic tree was reconstructed using Bayesian inference analyses. A total of 517 of 15 621 examined snails were infected with trematode cercariae, and the infected snails were classified into 11 species of seven families with a 3.31% overall prevalence of the infection. The Bithynia siamensis siamensis snail displayed the highest prevalence of infection (16.16%), whereas the Physella acuta snail exhibited the lowest prevalence (0.08%) of infection. Eight morphological types of cercariae were observed. The highest prevalence of infection was observed in mutabile cercaria (1.86%). Based on molecular investigations, the phylogram revealed eight cercaria types assigned to at least nine digenean trematode families, of which five belong to groups of human intestinal flukes. Although, with the exception of schistosome cercaria, trematode cercariae are not known to directly damage humans, understanding the general biology of trematode cercariae (including diversity, distribution, infection rates and host range) is important and necessary for the prevention and control of parasitic transmission that impacts aquatic cultivations, livestock farming and human health.

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