scholarly journals Innovation System Reform in Indonesia and Vietnam: A new Role for Universities?

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik Baark
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Financial Regulation ◽  
Public Funding ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Innovation Systems ◽  
System Reform ◽  
University Industry ◽  
University Industry Linkages

<p>This paper introduces the importance of the role of universities in emerging economies such as Indonesia and Vietnam, underscoring the need for universities to contribute more extensively to the dynamic development of innovation systems. The theoretical approach is a functional analysis of innovation systems, identifying essential issues that call for recognition among policymakers and in society generally. Innovation systems in Indonesia and Vietnam share some weaknesses, particularly in comparison with innovation systems in more advanced countries. There is limited ability to mobilize the resources required for innovation, as the investment in research and development as percentage of GDP is relatively low and dominated by public funding with little contribution from private sources. Financial regulation for universities seriously hampers the development of university–industry linkages. It is essential that universities gain more autonomy in order to move beyond their current role in training of skilled human resources to providers of innovation.</p>

China’s National and Regional Innovation Systems

2021 ◽  
pp. 114-134
Author(s):  
Lan Xue ◽  
Daitian Li ◽  
Zhen Yu
Keyword(s):  
Innovation System ◽  
Innovation Systems ◽  
National Innovation System ◽  
System Reform ◽  
Regional Innovation Systems ◽  
Regional Innovation ◽  
Reform Era ◽  
New Era ◽  
University Industry ◽  
T System

This chapter provides an updated discussion of China’s national and regional innovation systems. First, it introduces the unique development path and distinct characteristics of China’s national and regional innovation systems. Second, it reviews the evolution of China’s national and regional innovation systems, which is divided into five periods: the pre-reform era (1949–1978), the end of the chaos and the beginning of a new era (1978–1985), the reform of China’s science and technology (S&T) system (1985–1998), the scaling-up of S&T system reform (1998–2006), and the improvement of the national S&T system (2006–2013). Third, it describes the overall structure of China’s national innovation system, illustrating the components and interactions (e.g., university-industry linkages, military and civilian integration) within the system. Then, it evaluates the overall performance of China’s national and regional innovation systems. Lastly, it points out future directions for deepening the reform of China’s national innovation system and continuing to pursue innovation-driven development.

scholarly journals Persistent Developmental Limits to Devising Policy Innovation for Innovation Policies in Emerging Economies

2022 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Defny Holidin
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Policy Coordination ◽  
Policy Innovation ◽  
Innovation Systems ◽  
Coordination Mechanisms ◽  
National Innovation Systems ◽  
The Face ◽  
Development Paths ◽  
Innovation Policies

Promising industrial profiles of Southeast Asian emerging economies have met their developmental limits in the face of the Asian Financial Crisis in the late 1990s. However, following the crisis, they have not been successful in upscaling the technological competitiveness of their industries. By applying the national innovation system approach originally developed in advanced western economies as an institutional mechanism of policy innovation in light of developmentalism, I seek to explain these persistent developmental limits in Malaysia and Indonesia. My qualitative research examines literature discussing policy coordination mechanisms in innovation policies and policy documents containing coordination mechanisms involving firms, universities, and government agencies; then, how these issues implicate innovation policies in the two countries. I employ a comparative institutional analysis between them focusing on institutional characteristics of the national innovation systems, specifically their institutional obstacles occurring within development paths amidst prevailing political environments. I suggest that persistent developmental limits in Malaysia and Indonesia result from systemic failures of achieving developmental aims regardless of their politico-administrative regimes. Existing institutional frameworks of the national innovation systems, entrenched in the socio-economic prevalence of the two countries, have not fit the nations’ developmental aims pursued upon innovation upgrading.

scholarly journals The Recent Challenges of Globalization and the Role of Employee Engagement – The Case of Vietnam

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eswaranathan Ehambaranathan ◽  
Ayesha Samie ◽  
Shagesheela Murugasu
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Employee Engagement ◽  
International Business ◽  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Effective Implementation ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Competency Based ◽  
Technical Systems

Over the recent years, changes in the human resources practice have led to a situation whereby the failure of some firms are due to the mismanagement of people rather than problems related to technical systems. Evidently, there have been also suggestions that the changes in employee engagement practices have not been corresponding with the changes that is taking place in the international business environment. As a result, organizations have achieved a relatively low level of effectiveness in implementing effective employee engagement practices. This is particularly the case in emerging economies such as Vietnam, a country exposed to challenges and opportunities of globalization. Therefore, in order to strive competitively in this period of globalization, managers must possess relevant competencies for effective implementation in the employee engagement policies and practices. Thus, this paper explores the competency-based research framework and draws implications from the employee engagement practice to prepare organizations in Vietnam for the challenges in globalization. 

Innovation Systems, Regional Development, and the Role of Universities in Industrial Innovation

1996 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans G. Schuetze
Keyword(s):  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Regional Development ◽  
Innovation Systems ◽  
Cooperative Research ◽  
Industrial Innovation ◽  
Regional System ◽  
The University ◽  
University Industry ◽  
As If

Research on technology transfer, industrial liaison, cooperative research and other forms of cooperation between universities and industry tend to concentrate on the links between universities and firms as if they were the only players in the game. Thus typically, academic and policy literature describes the process of such collaboration, the organizational, legal, administrative arrangements and settings, the factors that enhance, or conversely, impede cooperation, and the outcomes, projected and real, that are attributed to the university—industry cooperation. This article, starting from a different premise, looks into university—industry liaison from the perspective of a regional system of innovation, identifying various institutions in such a system, and their communication and interaction. It is in this framework that the role of universities and the process of technology transfer is analysed.

University-Industry Linkages and the Development of Knowledge Clusters in Canada

2003 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jérôme Doutriaux
Keyword(s):  
Regional Development ◽  
Cluster Growth ◽  
Local Institutions ◽  
Systems Of Innovation ◽  
Canadian Universities ◽  
The Impact ◽  
University Industry ◽  
University Industry Linkages ◽  
Government Laboratories

Research on Systems of Innovation has illustrated the role of local institutions and networks in regional development. This paper looks critically at Canada's 11 most active knowledge clusters and at the impact of university-industry co-operation on their development. It concludes that Canadian universities are more often a catalyst for development than a driver, government laboratories and industry being the primary factors leading to cluster growth and success.

Policy-Driven University – Industry Linkages and Regional Innovation Networks in Korea

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 647-664 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong-Won Sohn ◽  
Hyungjoo Kim ◽  
Jeong Hyop Lee
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Clusters ◽  
Innovation Networks ◽  
Regional Innovation ◽  
Main Determinant ◽  
Capital Region ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
Networks Analysis ◽  
University Industry ◽  
University Industry Linkages

In this paper we examine the role of the Korean government in creating university – industry linkages and in promoting the role of universities as knowledge providers in regional innovation systems. We investigate the different types of universities' roles in the capital region of Seoul and in the noncapital regions. We argue that government policy is the main determinant that drives Korean universities to play the role of knowledge provider for industrial innovation. This policy has also brought about regional differences in the way universities participate in innovation activities in the capital region and outside the capital region. In the Korean context, universities in noncapital regions act as a backbone for creating and managing regional innovation networks as well as a close and easily accessible knowledge provider to local industry. However, universities in the capital region play the role of a close knowledge provider only to local industry, while corporate research and development centres are the key players in developing and managing innovation networks in the capital region. To arrive at our conclusions we use social networks analysis and government document analysis to demonstrate the structure of innovation networks and to analyze two types of universities' roles in the regional innovation networks of four Korean industrial clusters.

scholarly journals Foresight and the third mission of universities: the case for innovation system foresight

foresight ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalle Artturi Piirainen ◽  
Allan Dahl Andersen ◽  
Per Dannemand Andersen
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Longitudinal Research ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Innovation Systems ◽  
Third Mission ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Third ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
University Industry

Purpose – This paper aims to argue that innovation system foresight (ISF) can significantly contribute to the third mission of universities by creating an active dialogue between universities, industry and society. Design/methodology/approach – This paper’s approach is conceptual. The authors analyse the third mission and relevant literature on innovation systems and foresight to explain how and why foresight contributes to the third mission. Findings – The authors propose that foresight contributes to the third mission of universities, particularly to the research and development and innovation dimensions through the development of joint understanding of the agendas and future needs of stakeholders. In addition, foresight enables education to be designed to address identified needs. Research limitations/implications – The findings are both conceptual and exploratory in nature. Thus, the argument needs further examination through a broader study on foresight in the university–industry context and/or longitudinal research on the outcomes and impact of foresight in this context. Practical implications – The findings highlight the importance of understanding the systemic nature of innovation and its role in economic development. Universities must understand their role within the larger innovation system to fulfil the potential of economic development and by extension, their third mission. Originality/value – The paper outlines a novel approach of using ISF to promote university–industry partnerships and the growth of innovation systems. The paper also contributes to the discussion of the third mission by outlining that mission in practical terms.

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