Synthesis, Characterization and Antimicrobial Activity Studies of
Chlorocobaloximes with Neutral Bases Containing Amine Functionality

The inorganic cobaloximes of type [Co(Cl)(dmgH)2B]; where dmgH = dimethyl glyoxime and B = neutral bases: glycine, ethyl amine, 2-aminopyridine, 4-aminopyridine, 2,6-diaminopyridine, aniline and 1-napthylamine have been synthesized. The synthesized cobaloximes were characterized by IR, UV-visible, 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectroscopic techniques. The cobaloxime complexes were screened for their antibacterial activity against methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Acinetobacter baumannii by the zone of inhibition test, biofilm eradication on biomaterial using catheter and modified Congo red agar method. It has been found that the cobaloxime complexes exhibit inhibition against both gram positive and gram negative bacteria and the cobaloximes showed better inhibition towards Gram-negative bacteria compared to Gram-positive bacteria.

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Analysis of Phytochemical Constituents and Biological Activity of Taxus Wallichiana Zucc. Dolakha District of Nepal

International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology ◽

10.3126/ijasbt.v6i2.20410 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 110-114

Author(s):

Bimala Subba

Keyword(s):

Biological Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Gram Negative Bacteria ◽

Zone Of Inhibition ◽

Gram Positive ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Gram Positive Bacteria ◽

Pharmacologically Active ◽

Taxus Wallichiana

Phytochemical and biological activities of methanolic extract of Taxus wallichiana Zucc. (Leaf, stem) were carried out. The brine shrimp bioassay showed T. wallichiana is pharmacologically active. The antibacterial potential was studied against one gram positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus) and one gram negative bacteria (Escherichia Coli) using Agar Well Diffusion Method. Stem of T. wallichiana showed significant zone of inhibition against gram positive bacteria while the leaf of T. wallichiana did not show significant zone of inhibition against both gram positive and gram negative bacteria. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity and FRAP assay. Both assay showed that T. wallichiana leaves has high antioxidant activities.Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 6(2): 110-114

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Biogenic Gold Nanoparticles and its Antibacterial Activities: Houttuynia Cordata Leaf Extract

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1051.392 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 1051 ◽

pp. 392-397

Author(s):

T.V.M. Sreekanth ◽

In Yong Eom

Keyword(s):

Gold Nanoparticles ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Antibacterial Activities ◽

Gram Negative Bacteria ◽

Gram Positive ◽

Houttuynia Cordata ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Gram Positive Bacteria ◽

Visible Spectra ◽

Uv Visible

Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) can be prepared in a number of chemical techniques, which are not environmentally friendly. Biosynthesis of nanoparticles by plant extracts is currently under exploitation. In this work, we describe an eco-friendly technique for green synthesis of AuNPs from AuCl4 solution using the Houttuynia cordata leaf extract as reducing agent. The AuNPs were characterized using UV-Visible spectroscopy, SEM, TEM, FTIR and AFM. The UV-Visible spectra indicate a strong plasma resonance that is located at 535 nm. The antibacterial activity of AuNPs was performed on various gram positive and gram negative bacteria. The AuNPs showed more inhibitory activity on gram negative than gram positive bacteria.

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Synthesis and Pharmacological Evaluation of Some New 2-Phenyl benzimidazoles Derivatives and their Schiff's Bases

E-Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.1155/2009/604203 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 6 (s1) ◽

pp. S342-S346 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Y. S. Chhonker ◽

B. Veenu ◽

S. R. Hasim ◽

Niranjan Kaushik ◽

Devendra Kumar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activities ◽

Benzimidazole Derivatives ◽

Spectroscopic Techniques ◽

Gram Negative Bacteria ◽

Gram Positive ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Gram Positive Bacteria ◽

H Nmr ◽

Ir Spectroscopic

Some new 2- phenyl benzimidazole derivatives were synthesised by cyclocondensation with appropriate reagents. The compounds synthesised were identified by1H NMR, FAB Mass and FT-IR spectroscopic techniques. All compounds studied in this work were screened for theirin vitroantimicrobial activities against the standard strains:Staphylococcus aureusATCC - 25923, ATCC - 441 andBacillus subtilisATCC- 6633 as gram positive,Escherichia coliATCC - 11775 andPseudomonas aeruginosaATCC 10145 as gram negative bacteria. Some of the compounds inhibited the growth of gram-positive bacteria (B. subtilisandS. aureus) at MIC values between 25 and 200 mg/mL. Some of the compounds exhibit antimicrobial activity against gram negative bacteria (E. coliandP. Aeruginosa) MIC values between 25 and 200 mg/mL.

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Determination of Patulin By TLC From Mouldy Apples

The Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Medicine ◽

10.30539/iraqijvm.v34i1.680 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 34 (1) ◽

pp. 201-207

Author(s):

Omar J. Al saree

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Gram Negative Bacteria ◽

Zone Of Inhibition ◽

Gram Positive ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Gram Positive Bacteria ◽

Tlc Plates

Analysis of the decayed apples (van. Starking delicious), collected from the localmarket, for patulin mycotoxin, using column chromotography and TLC Plates showedthat the presence of the amount of patulin mycotoxin in the mouldy tissues (1.3 , 2.5 ,3.4 , 4.2, 5.5, and 6.4 ) cm in diameters were (5.1, 5.8, 6.3, 10.5, 12.3, and 14 ) μgpatulin/g moldy tissues respectively. According to this research also, Patulinmycotoxin could diffused to the surrounding mouldy tissues. It is found that (0.5and0.2), (1.0 and 0.5), and (1.5 and 0.5) μg patulin/g tissues in the first and secondcentimeters after mouldy tissues 4.2, 5.5 and 6.4 cm respectively, this phenomenondue to the presence of intracellular spaces in the tissues which allow to patulin todiffuse from mouldy to the healthy tissues there was no patulin found in the othersurrounding healthy tissues. Gram positive bacteria found to be more susceptible topatulin, the zone of inhibition against Staphyllococcus aureus was 10 to 11 mm indiameter at concentration 10 and 30 mg /ml respectively when compared with 0.3μg/ml streptomycin and 0.06 μg/ml ciprofloxacin while no inhibitory effect foundagainst Gram negative bacteria Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli

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Test Antimicrobial of Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) Ethanol Extract againts Porphyromonasgingivalis and Streptococcus sanguis using Agar Method (In Vitro study)

Journal of Dentomaxillofacial Science ◽

10.22208/jdmfs.1.2.2016.280-286 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 280

Author(s):

Lenni Indriani ◽

Mochamad Dharmautama

Keyword(s):

Ethanol Extract ◽

Gram Negative Bacteria ◽

Hibiscus Sabdariffa ◽

Zone Of Inhibition ◽

Gram Positive ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Gram Positive Bacteria ◽

Streptococcus Sanguis ◽

Zones Of Inhibition

The use of natural materials in the world of health tends to increase every single year, including in dentistry. Due to the increased of resistance to antibiotics, the development and new innovations to obtain a new antimicrobial agent. Some potential sources of plants have been studied. One of the natural plants is used as drinks, food, medicine and antimicrobial agent is Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn commonly known as Roselle. Several major Gram-negative bacteria are related to periodontal disease such as Porphyromonas gingivalis (P.gingivalis), The dominant species of Gram-positive including Streptococcus sanguis (S.sanguis). The purpose of this in vitro study is to evaluate the Roselle ethanol extract against P.gingivalis bacteria (Gram negative bacteria) and S. sanguis (Gram positive bacteria) with a concentration of 2.5%, 5%, 7.5% and 10%. The in vitro study of antibacterial effectiveness of Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) ethanol extract on P.gingivalis and S. sanguis. Natrium Agar (NA) solution was poured into a glass plate which had previously been sterilized and then left in place until the medium solidified. P.gingivalis and S.sanguis bacterial cultures were inoculated with inscribed which had solidified. Then put paper disk which had previously been saturated with Roselle extract samples with a concentration of 2.5%, 5%, 7.5% and 10%, and the negative control at the surface of the medium (Ampicillin) and incubated for 1 day. Clear zone is formed then observed and measured. There are 24 samples, consisting of 12 samples P.gingivalis and S.sanguis 12 samples, given intervention roselle flower extract with four types of concentrations to determine the minimum inhibitory consentration (MIC). The observations show that the extensive zone of inhibition concentration of 2.5% a broad zone of inhibition is the smallest among other concentration, both of S.sanguins and P.gingivalis. Meanwhile, the average increases the broad zones of inhibition of P.gingivalis followed by increasing concentrations of roselle flower extract, making it the largest broad zones of inhibition are shown at a concentration of 10%, However, the bacteria S.sanguins, shows that vast zone of greatest inhibition was found at a concentration of 7.5%. The results of this research showed that the ethanol extract of roselle effectively inhibits P. gingivalis as Gram-positive bacteria atconcentrations of 10% and S. sanguins at a concentration of 7.5%. Iit can be concluded that the ethanol extract of roselle flowers effective at inhibiting Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria.

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In-vitro analysis of potential antibacterial activity of three medicinal plants

Journal of Applied and Natural Science ◽

10.31018/jans.v8i3.990 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 1497-1500

Author(s):

Vandana Gupta ◽

Rakesh Kumar ◽

Deepika Chaudhary ◽

Nirmal Yadav

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Bacillus Subtilis ◽

Medicinal Plants ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Gram Negative Bacteria ◽

Zone Of Inhibition ◽

Gram Positive ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Gram Positive Bacteria

The present study was aimed to examine and compare the antibacterial activity of hot methanolic extract of medicinal plants viz. Portulaca oleracea (purslane), Syzygium cumini (L.) (jamun), Psidium guajava (L.) (guava). Antibacterial activity was carried by using agar well diffusion method, against Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis) and Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli). Results indicated that all the three plant extracts possess antibacterial property against Gram-positive bacteria and no activity was found against Gram-negative bacteria. Moderate zone of inhibition against Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis was exhibited by S. cumini (L.) (11mm and 12mm) and P. guajava (L.) (10mm and 11mm) and weak zone of inhibition was exhibited by P. oleracea (5 mm and 6mm). In conclusion, S. cumini (L.) and P. guajava (L.) possess bettercapabilities of being a good candidate in search for natural antibacterial agent against infections and diseases causing Gram-positive bacteria as compared to P. oleracea.

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Rapid demonstration of septic or infectious arthritis due to Gram-negative bacteria

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100123830 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 50 (1) ◽

pp. 686-687

Author(s):

Jacob S. Hanker ◽

Paul R. Gross ◽

Beverly L. Giammara

Keyword(s):

Chronic Arthritis ◽

Blood Cultures ◽

Gram Negative Bacteria ◽

Infectious Arthritis ◽

Bacterial Arthritis ◽

Gram Positive ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Gram Positive Bacteria

Blood cultures are positive in approximately only 50 per cent of the patients with nongonococcal bacterial infectious arthritis and about 20 per cent of those with gonococcal arthritis. But the concept that gram-negative bacteria could be involved even in chronic arthritis is well-supported. Gram stains are more definitive in staphylococcal arthritis caused by gram-positive bacteria than in bacterial arthritis due to gram-negative bacteria. In the latter situation where gram-negative bacilli are the problem, Gram stains are helpful for 50% of the patients; they are only helpful for 25% of the patients, however, where gram-negative gonococci are the problem. In arthritis due to gram-positive Staphylococci. Gramstained smears are positive for 75% of the patients.

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Antibacterial activity of magnesium oxide nanoparticles prepared by Calcination method

International Journal of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance ◽

10.25258/ijpqa.10.3.25 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (03) ◽

Author(s):

Elaf Ayad Kadhem ◽

Miaad Hamzah Zghair ◽

Sarah , Hussam H. Tizkam, Shoeb Alahmad Salih Mahdi ◽

Hussam H. Tizkam ◽

Shoeb Alahmad

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Magnesium Oxide ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Gram Negative Bacteria ◽

Gram Positive ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Gram Positive Bacteria ◽

Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Agar Disc

magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgO NPs) were prepared by simple wet chemical method using different calcination temperatures. The prepared NPs were characterized by Electrostatic Discharge (ESD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD). It demonstrates sharp intensive peak with the increase of crystallinty and increase of the size with varying morphologies with respect to increase of calcination temperature. Antibacterial studies were done on gram negative bacteria (E.coli) and gram positive bacteria (S.aureus) by agar disc diffusion method. The zones of inhibitions were found larger for gram positive bacteria than gram negative bacteria, this mean, antibacterial MgO NPs activity more active on gram positive bacteria than gram negative bacteria because of the structural differences. It was found that antibacterial activity of MgO NPs was found it has directly proportional with their concentration.

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BAKTERI PADA KARANG SCLERACTINIA DI KAWASAN PERAIRAN BUNAKEN, MOROTAI DAN RAJA AMPAT

JURNAL PESISIR DAN LAUT TROPIS ◽

10.35800/jplt.8.1.2020.28110 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 122

Author(s):

Eghbert Eghbert Elvan Eghbert Elvan Ampou ◽

Iis Iis Triyulianti ◽

Nuryani Widagti ◽

Suciadi Catur Nugroho ◽

Yuli Pancawati

Keyword(s):

Scleractinian Coral ◽

Gram Negative Bacteria ◽

Hard Coral ◽

Field Sampling ◽

Bacterial Isolation ◽

Gram Positive ◽

Coral Mucus ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Gram Positive Bacteria

Research on hard coral (Scleractinian coral) contaminated with bacteria is still not much done, especially in Indonesian waters. This study took samples of coral mucus in 2010 at 3 (three) different locations, namely Bunaken (May); Morotai (September) and Raja Ampat (November), which focused on the analysis of Research on hard coral (Scleractinian coral) contaminated with bacteria is still not much done, especially in Indonesian waters. This study took samples of coral mucus in 2010 at 3 (three) different locations, namely Bunaken (May); Morotai (September) and Raja Ampat (November), which focused on the analysis of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The method used for field sampling is time swim, which is by diving at a depth of 5-10 meters for ± 30 minutes and randomly taking samples of coral mucus using siring or by taking directly on corals (reef branching). Mucus samples were analyzed by bacterial isolation in the laboratory. The result shows that there were differences between gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria in the three research sites and that gram-positive bacteria were higher or dominant. Further research that can identify the bacteria species and explain its relationship to the ecosystem is highly recommended.Keywords: Bacteria, Scleractinian coral, gram-positive and -negative, Bunaken, Morotai, Raja Ampat AbstrakPenelitian tentang karang keras (Scleractinian coral) yang terkontaminasi bakteri masih belum banyak dilakukan, terutama di perairan Indonesia. Penelitian ini mengambil sampel mucus karang pada tahun 2010 di 3 (tiga) lokasi berbeda, yakni Bunaken (Mei); Morotai (September) dan Raja Ampat (November), yang difokuskan pada analisis bakteri gram postif dan gram negatif. Metode yang digunakan untuk pengambilan sampel di lapangan adalah time swim, yaitu dengan penyelaman pada kedalaman 5-10 meter selama ±30 menit dan mengambil sampel mucus karang secara acak menggunakan siring atau dengan mengambil langsung pada karang (fraksi cabang). Sampel mucus dianalisis dengan cara isolasi bakteri di laboratorium. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa ada perbedaan antara bakteri gram positif dan gram negative di tiga lokasi survei dan bakteri gram positif lebih tinggi atau dominan. Penelitian lebih lanjut yang dapat menentukan jenis bakteri serta menjelaskan hubungannya dengan ekosistem sangat disarankan untuk dilakukan.Kata Kunci : Bakteri, Scleractinian coral, gram positif dan negatif, Bunaken, Morotai, Raja Ampat

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N-Doped Carbon Quantum Dots as Fluorescent Bioimaging Agents

Crystals ◽

10.3390/cryst11070789 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (7) ◽

pp. 789

Author(s):

Shih-Fu Ou ◽

Ya-Yun Zheng ◽

Sin-Jen Lee ◽

Shyi-Tien Chen ◽

Chien-Hui Wu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quantum Dots ◽

Carbon Nanomaterials ◽

Graphene Quantum Dots ◽

Carbon Quantum Dots ◽

Gram Negative Bacteria ◽

Gram Positive ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Gram Positive Bacteria ◽

Fluorescence Characteristics ◽

And Staphylococcus Aureus

Graphene quantum dots, carbon nanomaterials with excellent fluorescence characteristics, are advantageous for use in biological systems owing to their small size, non-toxicity, and biocompatibility. We used the hydrothermal method to prepare functional N-doped carbon quantum dots (N-CQDs) from 1,3,6-trinitropyrene and analyzed their ability to fluorescently stain various bacteria. Our results showed that N-CQDs stain the cell septa and membrane of the Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli, Salmonellaenteritidis, and Vibrio parahaemolyticus and the Gram-positive bacteria Bacillus subtilis, Listeria monocytogenes, and Staphylococcus aureus. The optimal concentration of N-CQDs was approximately 500 ppm for Gram-negative bacteria and 1000 ppm for Gram-positive bacteria, and the exposure times varied with bacteria. N-Doped carbon quantum dots have better light stability and higher photobleaching resistance than the commercially available FM4-64. When excited at two different wavelengths, N-CQDs can emit light of both red and green wavelengths, making them ideal for bioimaging. They can also specifically stain Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial cell membranes. We developed an inexpensive, relatively easy, and bio-friendly method to synthesize an N-CQD composite. Additionally, they can serve as a universal bacterial membrane-staining dye, with better photobleaching resistance than commercial dyes.

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