scholarly journals Child Neglect

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 113-7
Author(s):  
Sudiyanto Sudiyanto
Keyword(s):  
Child Abuse ◽  
Family History ◽  
Child Neglect ◽  
Informal Education ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Medical Problems ◽  
Rights Of The Child ◽  
Parents And Children ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
Fundamental Needs

Child neglect refers to failure to provide children's fundamental needs. In contrast to child abuse, which implies active negative conduct, child neglect means something passive. Child neglect may take a variety of forms including medical, physical, safety, sexual, educational, and emotional neglects. The neglects may manifest themselves as conditions reflecting the improper provision of child's needs. It should always borne in mind that child neglect is almost invariably resulted from complex process which has been influenced by family history, individual characteristics of the parents and children, social and environmental circumstances, and medical problems. Its management, therefore, should be thoroughly administered, and should involve many aspects and all parties in a team effort. The prevention of child neglect should include formal and informal education of the rights of the child.

Early human relations set the foundation for adult health and working life

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Sinclair ◽  
Tam Baillie
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Adult Health ◽  
Human Relations ◽  
Rights Of The Child ◽  
Parents And Children ◽  
Evidence Analysis ◽  
Before School ◽  
Child Health Research ◽  
Early Human

Investing in early years is close to magic, without being magic. The United Nations has given greater prominence to the early years through a General Comment on the Convention on the Rights of the Child. Health research is gravitating to a view that adult physical and mental conditions have their origins in the womb and the earliest months and years of life. More than any other skills, employers want people who can talk, listen, and work with others: attributes that are largely picked up before school. Economists have demonstrated that the best return on investment in ‘education’ is in supporting parents and children, in the years before school. While evidence, analysis, and experience, which we review, points in one direction, it leads to three questions. Where are we now in child well-being and supporting parents and their very young children? Why are we not doing better? What can be done?

The Holy See and Children’s Rights: International Human Rights Law and Its Ghosts

2015 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-88
Author(s):  
Ntina Tzouvala
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Child Abuse ◽  
International Human Rights Law ◽  
Human Rights Law ◽  
International Human Rights ◽  
Legal Subject ◽  
Holy See ◽  
Rights Of The Child ◽  
Vatican City ◽  
International Human

The revelation of a series of child abuse incidents committed by Catholic priests and other members of religious orders has given rise to the question of establishing the responsibility of the Holy See for these acts under international human rights law. This article focuses on the report issued in 2014 by the Committee on the Rights of the Child, the monitoring body of the Convention of the Rights of the Child (crc). It is argued that in order to fulfil this task we need to take three steps: first, to establish the relationship between the Vatican City state and the Hole See, a distinct and peculiar international legal subject. To do so, a historical account of the Holy See and its position within the fabric of international law is considered necessary. Secondly, this article argues that the crc was ratified by the Holy See both in its capacity as the government of the Vatican City and as a non-territorial legal subject. Hence, the application of the crc is not confined within the limited territory of the Vatican City, but ‘follows’ the authority of the Holy See irrespective of state borders. Thirdly, it is argued that the vertical, hierarchical structure of the Holy See is homologous to that of the modern state and, therefore, attribution rules can be applied by analogy in this case. The final conclusion is that it is possible to hold the Holy See responsible under the crc for acts of child abuse that occurred under its authority around the globe.

SMOKING ISSUE IS HEATING UP CUSTODY SUITS

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
pp. A78-A78
Author(s):  
B. H.
Keyword(s):  
Child Abuse ◽  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Secondhand Smoke ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Medical Problems ◽  
Parental Concern ◽  
Middle Ear Infection ◽  
Medical Reports ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Heating Up

Parental concern about secondhand smoke is adding a new wrinkle to some custody and divorce battles. Estranged spouses are taking an increasingly aggressive court stance when a child is exposed to cigarette smoke of one parent. Secondhand smoke has become a point of contention in custody cases in more than a dozen states, almost all involving children with respiratory ailments such as asthma and allergies. And smoking may become an issue in many more custody cases, according to some lawyers. Recent medical reports have cited the heightened likelihood of respiratory disease and middle-ear infection even in healthy children exposed to secondhand smoke. In at least one case a judge has been asked to rule that exposing a child with medical problems to cigarette smoke constitutes child abuse.

scholarly journals Access and the non-custodial parent in the Republic of Ireland

2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-215
Author(s):  
Anne Egan
Keyword(s):  
Best Interests ◽  
Family Court ◽  
Rights Of The Child ◽  
Parents And Children ◽  
Custodial Parent ◽  
Bona Fide ◽  
United Nations Convention ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Custodial Parents ◽  
The Right

Maintaining a relationship between parents and children following the breakdown of a marriage or relationship can be fraught with difficulties, particularly where acrimony exists between parents. This article explores the right of a non-custodial parent to have access to their child under Irish law and discusses the results of an interview-based study undertaken by the author using qualitative research methods. The interviewees in the study included practitioners as well as separated, divorced and unmarried fathers and mothers who outlined their views on access and the study found that the majority of non-custodial parents had some level of access to their child. The article further outlines the author’s experience of successfully applying to attend family court as a bona fide researcher and discusses some of the results of observations in those courts which reinforced the results of the interview-based study. Article 9(3) of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) states that in the event of separation of parents, it is the right of the child to maintain personal relations and contact with both parents. Article 7(1) of the Convention further supports the right of a child to be cared for by his or her parents. These articles have proved useful for fathers’ rights campaigners who advocate that they should have more contact with their children post-separation. The Convention, however, while ratified by Ireland, has not yet been incorporated into Irish law. The article concludes by examining whether the incorporation of the Convention would advance the rights of Irish children to maintain a relationship with their parents, unless such a relationship would be contrary to the children’s best interests. In light of this, this article examines the proposed wording of the Constitutional Referendum on Children which was published in early 2010 and assesses what impact the passing of such a referendum would have on children’s rights in Ireland.

scholarly journals Awareness levels of teachers regarding the physical abuse in children

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mualla Yılmaz ◽  
Ugur Kocak ◽  
Kamil Celebiyılmaz ◽  
Zeliha Yaman ◽  
Halis Dokgoz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Child Abuse ◽  
Student Teachers ◽  
Physical Abuse ◽  
Child Neglect ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Study Data ◽  
National Education ◽  
Human Bites ◽  
Research Population

The aim of our research is to determine the awareness of primary school teachers on physical abuse in children according to their gender and professional experience. Material and Methods, Teachers in primary schools of four central distinct Directorate of National Education within Mersin province constituted the research population of the study. Teachers who agreed to participate in research based on a voluntary basis according to simple random sampling method (n:137) formed the research sample of the study. Data were collected using a survey having 21 questions which were rephrased by researchers. Research ethical committee and National Education Directorate approvals relating the study were taken prior to data collection. Results, In this study, teachers are determined to be female in 51%, to have a mean age of 37.58±7.64 to be married in 86.9%. “Bruises and wounds on child’s face” which is a physical abuse indication is regarded by teachers as a physical abuse indication in 88.3% while 11.7% of them do not regarded the marks as a physical abuse. Human bites are realized largely for the purpose of punishment and they show abuse. Child's hand and arm are the areas where an adult hold the child tightly. “Bruises and bite marks on child’s hand and arm” which is a physical abuse indication is regarded by teachers as a physical abuse indication in 93.4% while 6.6% of them do not regarded the marks as a physical abuse. 70.8% of the teachers have encountered “parental disregard to their children” finding within last two years. Conclusion, It is recommended that training about child abuse and child neglect which is qualified to meet the requirements of students and their families should be given to graduate teachers and student teachers studying in early childhood education.Keywords: child, abuse, physical, psychology

632 Family History of Children Diagnosed with Obstructive Sleep Apnea

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A248-A248
Author(s):  
Kristi Porterfield-Pruss ◽  
Denise Willis ◽  
Beverly Spray ◽  
Supriya Jambhekar
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Biological Father ◽  
Medical Problems ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Familial Association ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Introduction Limited evidence suggests a familial association of OSA. It is not known how often children who require positive airway pressure (PAP) devices have a family member with OSA or that requires PAP. It is felt that PAP adherence in children is affected by PAP adherence in parents. We wanted to explore the relationship of OSA in children requiring PAP to OSA in immediate family members as well as the association of obesity and adherence between children and family members. Methods Caregivers of children who utilize PAP devices at home were invited to complete an electronic questionnaire regarding family history of OSA. Descriptive statistics were utilized to summarize results. Results The study was completed by 75 participants. The majority of children were male (64%, 48/75), black (47%, 35/75) and non-Hispanic (88%, 66/75). The mean age was 11.8 years (median 13) and mean BMI was 32.8 (median 29.8). The mean AHI on the diagnostic polysomnogram was 28.4 events per hour (median 15.3). Mean adherence to PAP > 4 hours per night was 56.5 (Median 68.2). Most, 87% (65/75), have other underlying medical problems. Twenty-four percent (18/75) have a biological father with OSA of whom 61% (11/18) are considered moderately/extremely obese. Of mothers, 13% (10/75) have OSA and 70% (7/10) are obese. Overall, 29% (22/75) had either a paternal (11%, 8/75) or maternal (19%, 14/75) grandfather with OSA of which 36% (8/22) are obese. For grandmothers, 31% (23/75) have OSA and 22% (5/23) are obese with more being paternal (19%, 14/75) compared to maternal (12%, 9/75). Of the 73 total family members reported to have OSA, 86% (63/73) use PAP and most (65%, 41/63) use it for > 4 hours every night. Few participants had siblings with OSA. Conclusion There were more fathers with OSA than mothers, but mothers were reported to be obese more often. Grandparents were reported to have OSA but were reported to be obese less often than parents. Maternal grandparents with OSA were reported to be obese more than paternal grandparents. The majority of family members with OSA who use CPAP report nightly use. Support (if any):

INCREASING YOUTH'S ECOLOGICAL AWARENESS OF AIR POLLUTION WITH THE USE OF NEW MEDIA

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Michniewska ◽  
◽  
Karolina Czerwiec ◽  
Katarzyna Potyrała ◽  
Renata Staśko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
High School Students ◽  
New Media ◽  
Mobile Applications ◽  
Informal Education ◽  
School Students ◽  
Ecological Awareness ◽  
Natural Knowledge ◽  
Subjective Perceptions ◽  
Complex Process

Ecological awareness involves natural knowledge, subjective perceptions, emotional commitment, and personal activity. It is shaped in a complex process under the influence of generally accepted social norms, information from mass media, formal and informal education. Increasingly young people are using new, new media to raise awareness. Research is concerned at the use of mobile applications in natural sciences on the example of air pollution. The aim of the research was to test the effectiveness and attractiveness of mobile applications devoted to the problem of air pollution among youth. Research has conducted focus interviews with middle school students on the use of applications in natural science lessons, and analyzed mobile applications and websites on air pollution. Keywords: environmental awareness, high school students, mobile applications, new media.

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