scholarly journals Anemia among children and adolescents in a rural area

2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Riyanto Widjaja ◽  
Felix Firyanto Widjaja ◽  
Lucyana Alim Santoso ◽  
Erick Wonggokusuma ◽  
Oktaviati Oktaviati
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Public Hospital ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prevalence Of Anemia

Background Anemia in children and adolescents affects growthand development. It is a preventable disease, but unfortunately isoften ignored until the symptoms occur. There have been limitedreports on the prevalence of anemia in children and adolescentsin Indonesia, especially from rural areas.Objective To describe the prevalence of anemia in children andadolescents in district ofMalinau, a rural area in East KalimantanProvince.Methods This cross-sectional study was done in June 20 10 usinglaboratory records between July 2009 to January 20 10. Laboratoryrecords of patients aged between 6 months and 18 years whichinvestigated were complete blood count (CBC) from ambulatory,inpatient, and emergency care ofMalinau Public Hospital in EastKalimantan. Mentzer and England & Fraser indices were used todifferentiate iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and thalassemia amongmicrocytic hypochromic anemic patients.Results This study involved 709 laboratory records. Prevalenceof anemia was 53 .9% (95% CI 50.2% to 57 .5%) . The prevalenceof IDA among age groups were as follows: 29.4% (95% CI 24.3to 34.5%) in 6- 59 months group, 16% (95% CI 11 to 21 %) in5- 11.9 years, and 15.2% (95% CI 10.2 to 20.2%) in 12- 18 years.Children aged 6- 59 months tended to have more anemia th anthose aged 5- 11.9 years (OR 2. 184, 95% CI 1.398 to 3.413) oraged 12- 18 years (OR 2.3 19, 95% CI 1.464 to 3.674).Conclusion T he prevalence of an emia in children andadolescents of the Malinau Regency is 53 .9% (95% CI 50.2 to57.5%), quite similar to that of other developing countries . Agovernment program to overcome anemia is recommended, n otonly for pregnant women, but also for children and adolescents.

Importance of Facial Physical Attractiveness of Audiovisual Models in Descriptions and Preferences of Children and Adolescents

2005 ◽  
Vol 101 (1) ◽  
pp. 229-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Ruiz ◽  
Elena Conde ◽  
Esteban Torres
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Physical Attractiveness ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Developmental Differences ◽  
Social Knowledge ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Desirable Characteristic

We performed a cross-sectional study with three age groups (8, 14, and 17 years) to evaluate developmental differences in stereotyped beliefs about physical attractiveness and the value of this as perceived by the participants. Given the current importance of television in the development of social knowledge, television models were used. The children and adolescents were asked to evaluate, using bipolar open scales, the physical attractiveness, likeableness, generosity, intelligence, fun, and altruism of 12 television models of both sexes, previously selected by judges, as well as the desire to resemble or feel close to the models. Analysis showed developmental differences across age groups both in the concept of physical attractiveness and in stereotyped beliefs about this. As in other areas of social knowledge, the younger children's responses were bipolar, global, and much more stereotyped, while the adolescents introduced subtle distinctions and elaborated their responses. Nevertheless, physical attractiveness appeared a desirable characteristic for all age groups.

scholarly journals Relation of complementary foods and anemia in urban underprivileged children in Surakarta

2007 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 196
Author(s):  
Endang Dewi Lestari ◽  
Annang Giri Moelya ◽  
Elief Rohana ◽  
Budiyanti Wiboworini
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Complementary Foods ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Enhancing Factor ◽  
Main Meal ◽  
Prevalence Of Anemia

Background Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is still prevalent inIndonesian children. Attempt to treat patients with IDA withiron supplementation has been difficult because of lowcompliance.Objective To determine the complementary foods that contributesin the prevalence of anemia in children.Methods A cross sectional study was conducted in three urbanunderprivileged villages. Healthy children aged 6-23 months atthe time of interview were selected. The questionnaire wasspecially developed for determining the risks of IDA. We tookblood sampling to measure the hemoglobin concentration.Results A total of 86 children participated in the study; but only dataof 78 children were available for analysis. The prevalence of anemiaamong those children was 35%. Most children (90%) consumedanimal protein inadequately. Rice-based diet was the main meal ofmost children (97%). Analysis of possible factors associated with theanemia showed that inadequate plant or animal protein consumption,wasted children, less than 2 orange consumption, not consumingiron fortified formula/cereal had OR 1.2 (95%CI 0.40; 3.61), 4.13(95%CI 0.48;35.45), 4.67 (95%CI 1.04;20.04), 6.25 (95% CI1.32;29.55) and 3.15 (95%CI 1.18;8.41), respectively. Logistic analysisrevealed that the factors associated with anemia were wasted children(OR 9.10, 95%CI 1.38;60.18), low or no orange consumption (OR7.86, 95%CI 1.36;45.40) and not consuming iron fortified formula/cereal (OR 3.01, 95%CI 1.02;8.90).Conclusion In children with rice-based diet as main meal,consuming orange as an enhancing factor should also be addressedin order to prevent anemia.

scholarly journals Relationship between dental caries, oral hygiene and malocclusion among Syrian refugee children and adolescents: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nesreen A. Salim ◽  
Rasha A. Alamoush ◽  
Mariam Mohammad Al-Abdallah ◽  
Aya Ahmed Al-Asmar ◽  
Julian D. Satterthwaite
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Contact Point ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Refugee Children ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Syrian Refugee

Abstract Background Little is known about the oral disease burden in refugee children and associated risk factors. This cross-sectional study aimed to explore the oral hygiene status and prevalence of caries, and to investigate their association with malocclusion characteristics in a child refugee population. Methods 606 Syrian refugee children and adolescents aged 7–19 years, registered as refugees in Jordan and residing in Zaatari camp, were recruited to the study. Oral hygiene and caries status were recorded using DMFT (mean of decayed, missing, and filled permanent teeth) and OHI-S (Simplified Oral Hygiene Index) according to WHO criteria. Oral health results were then cross tabulated with previously reported malocclusion traits for the same study sample (crowding, spacing, contact point deflection and IOTN) to detect any associations. Statistical analysis was conducted using chi-square test, independent sample t-test, one-way ANOVA, Welch test and Post Hoc testing (Gabriel and Games-Howell). Results Overall DMFT and OHI-S were 4.32 and 1.33 respectively with no difference between males and females. Around 40% of the sample showed ≥ 5 DMFT score. 96.1% of the sample either do not brush or brush occasionally: females showed better oral hygiene practices (P = 0.002). No significant differences in DMFT scores were noted for gender or age, other than the 7–9.9 year old group having significantly higher mean DMFT scores than all other age groups (P < 0.01);the mean of OHI-S was not significantly different between different age groups (P = 0.927). Subjects with malocclusion, specifically crowding, contact point deflection and IOTN grades 3, 4 and 5 had higher scores in both arches for OHI-S and DMFT than subjects without malocclusion traits, although this was not statistically significant for DMFT scores. Overall, patients with generalized spacing had a significantly lower OHI-S score than those without spacing (P = 0.021). Significant correlations were found between parameters of intra-arch and inter-arch relationships and oral health indices (DMFT and OHI-S). Conclusion Malocclusion may increase the risk of caries and periodontal disease; the magnitude of this risk is amplified in populations with poor oral health and limited access to oral healthcare services, highlighting the need for preventive and curative oral health programs.

scholarly journals A CROSS SECTION STUDY ON IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA IN ADOLESCENT GIRLS

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Medha Mani Saxena ◽  
Ruchi Saxena
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Moderate Degree ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mild Degree ◽  
Prevalence Of Anemia

Background: Iron deficiency is the most common cause of anemia and is one of the leading risk factors for disability and death worldwide, affecting an estimated 2 billion people Methods: This was cross-sectional study. All the adolescent girls who were given consent to hemoglobin estimation were included in the study. Results: The prevalence of anemia among adolescent girls was found as73.6%. Out of 736 anemic girls, 536 girls were suffering from mild degree of anemia and 173 girls were having moderate degree of anemia. Only 27 girl was found severely anemic. Conclusion: The prevalence of anemia among adolescent girls is alarmingly high in India. Keywords: Prevalence, Anemia, Adolescent.

scholarly journals Impact of Anemia on the School Performance of Students at a Public School in Ceará

2021 ◽  
Vol 04 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Larissa Albuquerque Oliveira ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
School Performance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Immune Development ◽  
Enzymatic Systems ◽  
Prevalence Of Anemia

Anemia is defined as a condition in which hemoglobin levels are below the normal range. Among children and adolescents, iron deficiency is responsible for most cases. Iron is an essential compound for the production of red blood cells and transportation of oxygen, as well as for the integration of the enzymatic systems of different tissues. Patients with iron deficiency anemia may have impaired cognitive, physical and immune development, thus increasing the risk of infections and even death. This is a cross-sectional study to analyze the prevalence of anemia and its impact on school and nutritional performance among elementary school adolescents aged between 10 and 14 years from May 2019 to October 2019.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Anemia, Iron-Deficiency Anemia, and Associated Factors among Children Aged 1–5 Years in the Rural, Malaria-Endemic Setting of Popokabaka, Democratic Republic of Congo: A Cross-Sectional Study

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1010
Author(s):  
Branly Kilola Mbunga ◽  
Mala Ali Mapatano ◽  
Tor A. Strand ◽  
Elin Lovise F. Gjengedal ◽  
Pierre Zalagile Akilimali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Democratic Republic ◽  
Democratic Republic Of Congo ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Republic Of Congo ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Prevalence Of Anemia

Iron deficiency (ID), the leading cause of anemia and the most common nutritional deficiency globally, is not well reported among children in malaria-endemic settings, and little is known about its contribution to anemia in these settings. We aimed to assess the prevalence of anemia, the role of ID using multiple parameters, and the factors associated with anemia in a malaria-endemic rural area. We conducted a community-based cross-sectional study of 432 children aged 1–5 years from the Popokabaka Health Zone, Democratic Republic of Congo. Sociodemographic characteristics, medical history, anthropometric parameters, and biochemical parameters were considered. Hemoglobin and malaria prevalence were assessed using rapid finger-prick capillary blood testing in the field. Venous blood samples were analyzed for serum ferritin, serum iron, total iron-binding capacity, and C-reactive protein (CRP) in a laboratory. Anemia was found in 294 out of 432 (68%) patients. Malaria was found in 375 out of 432 (87%), and ID in 1.8% according to diagnosis by adjusted ferritin only and in 12.9% according to transferrin saturation. ID indicators were not significantly correlated with low hemoglobin levels. Malaria, fever, and CRP > 5 mg/L were major factors associated with anemia in Popokabaka. Anemia control should focus on treating inflammatory conditions and infectious diseases among children in such settings.

Feeding difficulties are not associated with higher rates of iron deficiency anemia in Brazilian children and adolescents—cross-sectional study

Nutrire ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jéssica S. Soares ◽  
Priscilla Maximino ◽  
Rachel H. V. Machado ◽  
Ana Beatriz Bozzini ◽  
Abykeyla Mellisse Tosatti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Feeding Difficulties ◽  
Brazilian Children

scholarly journals Risk of Suicidal Events in Youths Taking Atomoxetine Compared with Those on Methylphenidate; An Observational Cross-Sectional Study

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Padideh Ghaeli ◽  
Javad Mahmoudi-Gharaei ◽  
Leila Kouti ◽  
Alia Shakiba ◽  
Reza Hazara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Current Therapy ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Behavior

Background: Stimulants such as methylphenidate and atomoxetine, a nonstimulant norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, are approved for the treatment of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Associations between the use of methylphenidate or atomoxetine with suicidal ideation and suicide-related behavior have been reported in the literature. The present study aimed to compare the effects of atomoxetine with that of methylphenidate on suicidal ideation and behavior in children and adolescents. Methods: Children and adolescents between 7 to 17 years of age with the diagnosis of ADHD, based on DSM-5 criteria, were included in this observational, cross sectional study. The suicidal ideation was assessed among children and adolescents who have been receiving either atomoxetine or methylphenidate for at least 12 months prior to entering the study. A Farsi version of Positive and Negative Suicide Ideation (PANSI) inventory was applied for the assessment. Differences among age groups, duration of therapy and comparison of positive and negative scores in both genders were analyzed using t-test. In addition, a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was applied to examine the differences in positive and negative scores among different age groups. Moreover, chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests were performed to examine the effects of past history of drugs and other present illnesses on suicidal ideation. P-value of <0.05 was considered as significant. Results: A total of 57 students between 7 to 17 years of age were enrolled in this study. Twenty-eight patients have been taking atomoxetine at doses of 10 to 60 mg/day while 29 were on methylphenidate 7.50-55 mg/day. The mean positive and negative scores in the atomoxetine group were found to significantly differ (P=0.001) from those in the methylphenidate group. No risk of suicidal ideation was detected in the atomoxetine group, while in the methylphenidate group 15 out of 29 patients (51.7%) scored above the cutoff point. In terms of the relationship between suicidal ideation and history of other drugs prior to the current therapy and other concurrent disorders, chi-square test showed no significant difference in methylphenidate group (P=0.100 and 0.500 respectively). This analysis was not considered in atomoxetine group due to the absence of suicidal ideation. Conclusion: The authors of this study suggest that atomoxetine may be a safer choice than methylphenidate for the treatment of ADHD when suicidal ideation is a concern. In this regard, monitoring suicidal ideation and behavior along with family education should be considered in all children and adolescents suffering ADHD.

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