scholarly journals Pranayama and Breathing Exercises - Types and Its Role in Disease Prevention & Rehabilitation

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (44) ◽  
pp. 3325-3330
Author(s):  
Naresh Kumar Satyanarayan Dhaniwala ◽  
Venkatesh Dasari ◽  
Mukunda Naresh Dhaniwala
Keyword(s):  
Disease Prevention ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Preventive Measure ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Body ◽  
Western World ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Diaphragmatic Breathing ◽  
Breathing Exercises ◽  
Calming Effect

Yoga is a multi-faceted spiritual tool enhancing health and well-being. Physical postures (Asan), regulated breathing (Pranayama), and meditations (Dhyana) are its main components. Breathing exercises of various types, particularly diaphragmatic breathing, alternate nostril breathing (anulom vilom), and kapalbhati have been noted to be useful in chronic asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), post-operative management in head & neck surgery, cardiovascular surgery, and upper abdominal surgery. Its calming effect reduces blood pressure and agitation in various psychiatric disorders also. Common types of breathing exercises which are easy to learn and practice for day to day fitness and prevention of disease are: equal breathing (bhastrika), clavicular breathing, costal breathing, and diaphragmatic breathing. kapalbhati, alternate nostril breathing (anulom vilom), bhramari pranayama, and tribandh breathing. These require proper learning under guidance. Ujjayi pranayama, sitali, and surya bhedan pranayama also require proper training and have a calming effect on the body. Various types of breathing produce their beneficial effects on the body when they are done regularly for the minimum recommended period. These exercises can be practiced in any comfortable posture on the floor or sitting on a chair. Regulation of rate and rhythm during its practice helps towards achieving meditation. Pranayama and Yoga have proven their utility in various diseases as noted in studies done in various medical centers. The western world also recognizes its importance and recommends it to their people. In India, health is given a low priority and outdoor physical activities are becoming less popular. In these conditions of living, Yoga and Pranayama (breathing exercises) are recommended for persons of all ages because these are easy to learn, simple to practice, and do not require any separate space or instruments. Regularity and execution in a proper way for the optimum time alone are needed for general well-being, better lung functions, and as a preventive measure for various respiratory and psychiatric disorders. In the present pandemic of COVID19, warranting house quarantine for a large number of people, this is going to prove a boon for physical and mental alleviation. KEY WORDS Pranayama, Breathing Exercises, Disease, Prevention

scholarly journals Periodontal Disease and COPD

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Swarga Jyoti Das
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Airflow Obstruction ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Body ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Systemic Diseases ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
Increased Risk

Periodontal disease is an inflammatory disease caused predominantly by Gram-negative, anaerobic, and microaerophilic bacteria that colonise the subgingival area though modified by environment, physical, social and host stresses. It results in progressive destruction of the periodontal ligament and alveolar bone with increased probing depth, recession, or both [1]. Throughout the history of mankind, it has been believed that oral diseases and maladies including periodontal disease may have an effect on the rest of the body. Over the centuries, writings from the ancient Egyptians, Hebrews, Assyrians, Greeks and Romans, have all noted the importance of the mouth in overall health and well-being. Thus, the concept of linking periodontitis and systemic diseases could be traced back to the beginning of recorded history and medicine [2]. Periodontal disease has been linked to an increased risk of various systemic diseases, including the respiratory diseases e.g. pneumonia and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) [3]. COPD is a generic term defined by the presence of airflow obstruction with excess production of sputum resulting from chronic bronchitis and/or emphysema. It has been recognized as one of the major causes of death and disability globally and is the fourth leading cause of death in United States [4]. The aetiology of COPD is complex and multifactorial, involving multiple genetic and environmental factors [5]. An enhanced or abnormal inflammatory response to inhaled particles or gases, beyond the normal protective inflammatory response in the lungs, is a characteristic feature of COPD and is potential to produce lung injury

scholarly journals Demonstrasi Latihan Pernapasan Diafragma Sebagai Pencegahan Penularan Covid-19 di Wilayah Kecamatan Kota Barat Kota Gorontalo

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 1358-1368
Author(s):  
Suwarly Mobiliu ◽  
Ratnawati Ratnawati ◽  
Mega Lestari Khoirunnisa ◽  
Mansyur B. Tomayahu
Keyword(s):  
Health Problems ◽  
The Body ◽  
Diaphragmatic Breathing ◽  
The West ◽  
Breathing Exercises ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Success Indicators ◽  
City District ◽  
Regional Partnership ◽  
Keywords Prevention

ABSTRAK Program Kemitraan Wilayah (PKW) merupakan program pengabdian masyarakat yang dilatarbelakangi oleh adanya permasalahan kesehatan dalam suatu wilayah tertentu. Kecamatan Kota Barat memiliki beberapa permasalahan kesehatan yang didapatkan dari Wilayah Kecamatan Kota Barat yaitu distribusi penyakit Asma yang fluktuatif pada Tahun 2017-2019 sebanyak 1477 kasus. Latihan pernapasan merupakan alternatif untuk memperoleh kesehatan yang diharapkan bisa mengefektifkan semua organ dalam tubuh secara optimal dengan olah napas dan olah fisik secara teratur. Hal ini bertujuan untuk mencegah terjadinya penularan COVID-19 pada keluarga dengan riwayat asma di Wilayah Kecamatan Kota Barat Kota Gorontalo. Kegiatan dilaksanakan pada bulan April – Oktober 2020. Kegiatan dimulai dengan melakukan penyuluhan dan demonstrasi latihan pernapasan diafragma, kemudian dilakukan pengukuran nilai Arus Puncak Ekspirasi (APE) pada setiap peserta sebelum dan sesudah latihan. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa kegiatan ini berhasil sesuai dengan indikator keberhasilan yang ditetapkan yaitu sebanyak 50 peserta dari masyarakat Kecamatan Kota Barat yang mengikuti dengan antusias, peningkatan pengetahuan serta peningkatan nilai APE. Kata Kunci: pencegahan Covid-19, napas diafragma, asma, arus puncak respirasi  ABSTRACT The Regional Partnership Program is a community service program that is motivated by the existence of health problems in a certain area. Kota Barat Subdistrict has several health problems obtained from the West City District Area, namely the fluctuating distribution of asthma in 2017-2019 as many as 1477 cases. Breathing exercises are an alternative to obtain health which is expected to make all organs in the body optimally effective with regular breathing and physical exercise. This program aims to prevent transmission of COVID-19 in families with a history of asthma in the Kota Barat District of Gorontalo City. This activity was carried out from April - October 2020. The activity began with conducting counseling and demonstration of diaphragmatic breathing exercises, then measuring the value of Peak Expiratory Flow for each participant before and after the exercise. The results showed that this activity was successful in accordance with the established success indicators, 50 participants from the West Kota Subdistrict community who followed enthusiastically, increased knowledge and increased the value of APE. Keywords: prevention of Covid-19, diaphragmatic breathing, asthma, peak flow of respiration

scholarly journals The ties that bind us: how existing relationships, health and gender shape family care in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janice G. Gullick ◽  
M. Colleen Stainton
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Family Relationships ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Body ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
The Impact

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) changes family roles and relationship dynamics and the experience of the disease is influenced by family functioning. Merleau- Ponty&rsquo;s existential philosophy of the body provided the framework for this Heideggerian phenomenological inquiry. Fifteen people with COPD and 14 family members engaged in 58 semi-structured interviews either face-to-face or by telephone. This study identified a difference in the essence of the lived experiences between male and female carers, and between spousal and non-spousal carers in relation to severe COPD. Previous reciprocity framed the level of acceptance of the caring role and perception of care burden. The stories highlight the self-perceived need for women carers to be <em>conscious micro-managers</em> of illness. Male family members would care alongside, lending support and caring in a reactive way as specific needs or crises arose. Caring in COPD required a <em>binding vigilance</em>; a constant need of the carer to monitor the physical and emotional well-being of the sick person that bound them emotionally and cognitively to the task of caring. Carers were the managers of crises and families cared from a perspective of possible death. Family was perceived as the best thing in life. Health professionals should consider the influence of gender, family relationships and the impact of reciprocity when planning support for family caregivers. Further research is required to identify the similarities and differences in family caring between COPD and other chronic illnesses, and to further understand the specific needs of male carers.

scholarly journals The effect of positioning and diaphragmatic breathing exercises on respiratory muscle activity in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

2016 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Brenda Morrow ◽  
Jarred Brink ◽  
Samantha Grace ◽  
Lisa Pritchard ◽  
Alison Lupton-Smith
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Respiratory Muscle ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Diaphragmatic Breathing ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Breathing Exercises ◽  
Respiratory Muscle Activity

Background: Body positioning and diaphragmatic breathing may alter respiratory pattern and reduce dyspnoea in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Objectives: To determine the effect of positioning and diaphragmatic breathing on respiratory muscle activity in a convenience sample of people with COPD, using surface electromyography (sEMG).Methods: This prospective descriptive study recorded sEMG measurements at baseline, after upright positioning, during diaphragmatic breathing and 5 minutes thereafter. Vital signs and levels of perceived dyspnoea were recorded at baseline and at the end of the study. Data were analysed using repeated measures ANOVAs with post hoc t-tests for dependent and independent variables.Results: Eighteen participants (13 male; mean ± standard deviation age 59.0 ± 7.9 years) were enrolled. Total diaphragmatic activity did not change with repositioning (p = 0.2), but activity increased from 7.3 ± 4.2 µV at baseline to 10.0 ± 3.3 µV during diaphragmatic breathing (p = 0.006) with a subsequent reduction from baseline to 6.1 ± 3.5 µV (p = 0.007) at the final measurement. There was no change in intercostal muscle activity at different time points (p = 0.8). No adverse events occurred. Nutritional status significantly affected diaphragmatic activity (p = 0.004), with participants with normal body mass index (BMI) showing the greatest response to both positioning and diaphragmatic breathing. There were no significant changes in vital signs, except for a reduction in systolic/diastolic blood pressure from 139.6 ± 18.7/80.4 ± 13.0 to 126.0 ± 15.1/75.2 ± 14.7 (p < 0.05).Conclusion: A single session of diaphragmatic breathing transiently improved diaphragmatic muscle activity, with no associated reduction in dyspnoea.Keywords: diaphragmatic breathing, positioning, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, physiotherapy, electromyography, breathing exercises

scholarly journals Systematic review of clinical effectiveness, components, and delivery of pulmonary rehabilitation in low-resource settings

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
GM Monsur Habib ◽  
Roberto Rabinovich ◽  
Kalyani Divgi ◽  
Salahuddin Ahmed ◽  
Samir Kumar Saha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Rehabilitation ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Low Resource Settings ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Low Resource ◽  
Breathing Exercises ◽  
High Resource

AbstractPulmonary rehabilitation (PR) is a guideline-recommended multifaceted intervention that improves the physical and psychological well-being of people with chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs), though most of the evidence derives from trials in high-resource settings. In low- and middle-income countries, PR services are under-provided. We aimed to review the effectiveness, components and mode of delivery of PR in low-resource settings. Following Cochrane methodology, we systematically searched (1990 to October 2018; pre-publication update March 2020) MEDLINE, EMBASE, CABI, AMED, PUBMED, and CENTRAL for controlled clinical trials of adults with CRD (including but not restricted to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) comparing PR with usual care in low-resource settings. After duplicate selection, we extracted data on exercise tolerance, health-related quality of life (HRQoL), breathlessness, included components, and mode of delivery. We used Cochrane risk of bias (RoB) to assess study quality and synthesised data narratively. From 8912 hits, we included 13 studies: 11 were at high RoB; 2 at moderate RoB. PR improved functional exercise capacity in 10 studies, HRQoL in 12, and breathlessness in 9 studies. One of the two studies at moderate RoB showed no benefit. All programmes included exercise training; most provided education, chest physiotherapy, and breathing exercises. Low cost services, adapted to the setting, used limited equipment and typically combined outpatient/centre delivery with a home/community-based service. Multicomponent PR programmes can be delivered in low-resource settings, employing a range of modes of delivery. There is a need for a high-quality trial to confirm the positive findings of these high/moderate RoB studies.

scholarly journals Effects of Diaphragmatic Breathing Exercise on the Degree of Breathlessness in Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-74
Author(s):  
Budiman Budiman ◽  
◽  
Sri Garnewi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Diaphragmatic Breathing ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Fourth Degree ◽  
Breathing Exercises ◽  
The Mean

Objectives: The present study aimed to determine the effect of diaphragmatic breathing exercises on the degree of breathlessness among patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) in West Java Province, Indonesia. Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest and no control group design. In total, 33 patients with COPD participated in this study using a consecutive sampling technique. The Modified Medical Research Council was used to measure the degree of breathlessness. A portable spirometer was used to assess Forced Expiratory Volume in one second (FEV1) and Forced Vital Capacity (FVC). Results: The Mean±SD age of the study subjects was 44.5±3.17 years; 54.4% of the study participants were male, with healthy a body mass index. Approximately 42.4% of the studied patients experienced the fourth degree of breathlessness before the intervention. There was a reduction in the Mean±SD score of breathlessness from 3.42±0.53 to 1.64±0.13 after the intervention (P=0.001). There were improvements in the breathing frequency (Mean±SD: 11.8±4.9 vs 9.5±1.6), oxygen saturation (93.39±3.20 vs 95.47±4.21), and FEV1/FVC (0.5±0.12 vs 0.3±0.45) in the study subjects. Discussion: It is expected for the hospital, educational institutions, nurses, and patients to be able to apply diaphragmatic breathing exercises as one form of nursing care measure. This is because it is proven effective to reduce the degree of breathlessness.

Psychological Aspects of the Israeli–Palestinian Conflict: A Systematic Review

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 322-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynsay Ayer ◽  
Brinda Venkatesh ◽  
Robert Stewart ◽  
Daniel Mandel ◽  
Bradley Stein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Political Conflict ◽  
The Body ◽  
Psychological Aspects ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Way

Despite ongoing local and international peace efforts, the Jews, Arabs, and other residents of Israel and the Palestinian territories (i.e., the West Bank and Gaza) have endured decades of political, social, and physical upheaval, with periodic eruptions of violence. It has been theorized that the psychological impact of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict extends beyond the bounds of psychiatric disorders such as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Exposure to the ongoing conflict may lead to changes in the way Israelis and Palestinians think, feel, and act; while these changes may not meet the thresholds of PTSD or depression, they nonetheless could have a strong public health impact. It is unclear whether existing studies have found associations between exposure to the conflict and nonclinical psychological outcomes. We conducted a systematic review to synthesize the empirical research on the Israeli–Palestinian conflict and its psychological consequences. As a whole, the body of literature we reviewed suggests that exposure to regional political conflict and violence may have detrimental effects on psychological well-being and that these effects likely extend beyond the psychiatric disorders and symptoms most commonly studied. We found evidence that exposure to the conflict informs not only the way Israelis and Palestinians think, feel, and act but also their attitudes toward different religious and ethnic groups and their degree of support for peace or war. We also found that Palestinians may be at particularly high risk of experiencing psychological distress as a result of the conflict, though more research is needed to determine the extent to which this is due to socioeconomic stress. Our review suggests the need for more studies on the nonclinical psychological aspects of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict as well as for longitudinal studies on the impact of the conflict on both Israelis and Palestinians.

scholarly journals PATIENT-CENTERED COMPREHENSIVE APPROACH IN COMBINED PATHOLOGY MANAGEMENT: ASTHMA / COPD CROSS

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-55
Author(s):  
M.M. Potyazhenko ◽  
T.V. Nastroga ◽  
N.L. Sokolyuk ◽  
O.E. Kitura ◽  
I.M. Horodnytska
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Body ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Physical Endurance ◽  
External Respiration ◽  
Patient Centered ◽  
Asthma Control Questionnaire ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Long Acting

Introduction. Bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are serious social, epidemiological and medical health problems worldwide. The purpose of the study is to determine the main risk factors of asthma / COPD cross exacerbations in order to develop patient-centred management. Materials and methods. The study included 35 patients with asthma / COPD cross, and 35 healthy individuals. To quantify their well-being, the patients were asked to complete questionnaires: Asthma Control Questionnaire, Modified Medical Research Council Breathing Scale; to determine the level of reactive and personal anxiety, we used the questionnaire of Ch. D. Spielberger – Yu.M. Hanin. The analysis of integral indicators of the function of external respiration, including the test with bronchodilators was carried out. Medical lifestyle assessment of each patient with asthma / COPD cross was conducted by using the questionnaire of A. Nosov "Formation of components of a healthy lifestyle." Bioimpedance analysis of body composition was carried out as well. On the basis of the disturbances revealed in the behaviour of patients with asthma / COPD cross, and on the observance of lifestyle modes, we elaborated improved patient-centred approach to select the most appropriate algorithm of actions and personal behaviour to each patient. Conclusions. The integrated therapeutic measures developed for the patients with asthma / COPD and burden medical history should include in addition to the standard therapy (inhaled glucocorticosteroids, long-acting β2-agonists and / or long-acting muscarinic receptor antagonists) customized rehabilitation methods (therapeutic gymnastics according to Buteyko, hardening of the body, dietary modifications, mandatory smoking cessation) that promotes the stabilization and regression of symptoms, the increase in lung functioning, physical endurance, and improves patient’s quality of life.

Glucose supply as a way to reduce procedural pain in newborns. Review of research results

Ból ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-24
Author(s):  
Paulina Pisaniak ◽  
Greta Śmietana ◽  
Dorota Ozga
Keyword(s):  
Preventive Measure ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
The Body ◽  
Procedural Pain ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Medical Procedures ◽  
Medical Interventions ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Calming Effect ◽  
Glucose Supply

Immediately after birth, most newborns undergo a number of medical procedures to assess how the body functions. Some of these procedures are invasive and involve breaking the continuity of the baby's tissues, leading to pain and discomfort. Confirmation of pain sensation by newborns is relatively one of the newer scientific discoveries - this fact was not acceptable until the end of the 1980s. Therefore, analgesia was used very rarely during all medical procedures. Nowadays, medical personnel are aware that the youngest patients also feel pain and should be knowledgeable about its prevention and treatment. The aim of the study is to analyze the available studies on glucose supply as a way to reduce procedural pain in newborns. The non-systematic review of the literature was carried out according to the following keywords: pain, glucose, newborn, prevention, recommendations. Analyzes carried out in neonatal departments and a literature review have shown that pain prevention and treatment still pose many problems, as there are no clear guidelines as to how and methods to administer the therapy. Oral glucose is the most common pain reliever used in neonates during medical interventions. Its mechanism of action remains unclear, but it is believed to have a calming effect and reduce behavioral indicators of pain. The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends the administration of three doses of sucrose appropriate to the gestational age of the newborn, but there is concern about the long-term use of this preventive measure, especially in premature babies, who are at greater risk of hyperglycemia and disturbances in the development of the nervous system.

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