ASSOCIATION BETWEEN ANEMIA, PHYSICAL PERFORMANCE, DEPENDENCY, AND MORTALITY IN OLDER ADULTS IN THE NORTH-WEST REGION OF RUSSIA

Objective: To assess the prevalence of anemia and its impact on physical performance, dependency, and mortality in older adults in the north-west region of Russia. Design: A population-based prospective cohort study. Setting: A random sample of the population living in the Kolpino District. Participants: A total of 611 community-dwelling individuals aged 65 years and older. Measurements: Hemoglobin, gender, age, comorbidity, creatinine, C-reactive protein, body mass index, the Mini Nutritional Assessment, the Short Physical Performance Battery, grip strength, the Barthel Index, the Mini-Mental State Examination, and the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale were measured/administered. A second screening was organized after 33.4±3 months. The total observation time was 47 ± 14.6 months. Results: The prevalence of anemia was higher in men (21.4%) than in women (18.6%). After adjustment for age, gender, nutritional status, creatinine levels, mental impairment, and various comorbid conditions, significant associations were found between anemia and dependency [OR(95% СI) = 1.798 (1.068 – 3.029); p = 0.027], lower physical performance [ β(95%CI) = -0.717 (-1,334 – -0.100); p = 0.023], and greater risk of mortality [HR (95%CI) = 1.871 (1.284 – -2.728); p = 0.001]. Participants with anemia and CRP levels > 5 had a higher risk of mortality compared with anemic participants with lower CRP levels [HR (95%CI) = 3.417 (1.869 – 6.245); p = 0.000]. Conclusion: The estimated prevalence of anemia in the population aged 65 years and older is 19.3% (95%CI = 15.99 – 23.13). Anemia is associated with poor physical performance and dependency and is an independent predictor of mortality in older individuals.

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Short Physical Performance Battery as a Measure of Physical Performance and Mortality Predictor in Older Adults: A Comprehensive Literature Review

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph182010612 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (20) ◽

pp. 10612

Author(s):

Caroline de Fátima Ribeiro Silva ◽

Daniela Gonçalves Ohara ◽

Areolino Pena Matos ◽

Ana Carolina Pereira Nunes Pinto ◽

Maycon Sousa Pegorari

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Literature Review ◽

Physical Performance ◽

Acute Care Hospital ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Short Physical Performance Battery ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Adverse Health Outcomes ◽

Comprehensive Literature Review ◽

Risk Of Mortality

The association between the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) score and several adverse health outcomes, including mortality, has been reported in the scientific literature. We conducted a comprehensive literature review of studies on the relationship between SPPB and mortality. The current paper synthesizes the characteristics and main findings of longitudinal studies available in the literature that investigated the role of the SPPB in predicting mortality in older adults. The studies (n = 40) are from North America, South America, Europe, and Asia; the majority (n = 16) were conducted with community-dwelling older adults and reported an association between lower SPPB scores and a higher risk of mortality, and between higher SPPB scores and higher survival. Nevertheless, few studies have analyzed the accuracy of the instrument to predict mortality. The only study that established cut-off points was conducted with older adults discharged from an acute care hospital. Although an SPPB score lower than 10 seems to predict all-cause mortality, further studies showing cut-off points in specific settings and loco-regional specificities are still necessary.

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Changes in Nutritional Status and Musculoskeletal Health in a Geriatric Post-Fall Care Plan Setting

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu11071551 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (7) ◽

pp. 1551 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Romy Conzade ◽

Steven Phu ◽

Sara Vogrin ◽

Ebrahim Bani Hassan ◽

Walter Sepúlveda-Loyola ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

Physical Performance ◽

Nutritional Assessment ◽

Bone Turnover Marker ◽

Mini Nutritional Assessment ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Care Plan ◽

Musculoskeletal Health ◽

Care Plans

Understanding how changes in nutritional status influence musculoskeletal recovery after falling remains unclear. We explored associations between changes in nutritional status and musculoskeletal health in 106 community-dwelling older adults aged ≥65 years, who attended the Falls and Fractures Clinic at Sunshine Hospital in St Albans, Australia after falling. At baseline and after 6 months, individuals were assessed for Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA®), grip strength, gait speed, Timed Up and Go (TUG) test, Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), and bone turnover marker levels. Associations were examined using multiple linear regression, adjusted for baseline covariates and post-fall care plans. Over 6 months, the prevalence of malnutrition or risk thereof decreased from 29% to 15% using MNA <24/30. Specifically, 20 individuals (19%) improved, 7 (7%) deteriorated, and 73 (69%) maintained nutritional status, including 65 (61%) who remained well-nourished and 8 (8%) who remained malnourished/at risk. A 1-point increase in MNA score over 6 months was associated with an increase of 0.20 points (95% confidence interval 0.10, 0.31, p < 0.001) in SPPB score. Improvement in nutritional status was associated with improvement in physical performance, providing a basis for interventional studies to ascertain causality and evaluate nutritional models of care for post-fall functional recovery in older adults.

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Nutritional assessment interpretation on 22 007 Spanish community-dwelling elders through the Mini Nutritional Assessment test

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s136898000800195x ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 82-90 ◽

Cited By ~ 82

Author(s):

M Cuervo ◽

A García ◽

D Ansorena ◽

A Sánchez-Villegas ◽

MA Martínez-González ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nutritional Status ◽

Nutritional Assessment ◽

Short Form ◽

Regional Distribution ◽

Mini Nutritional Assessment ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Elderly Persons ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

North West ◽

The North

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the prevalence of undernutrition among community-dwelling elderly people in Spain using the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) and to analyse its distribution according to age, gender and residence region.DesignCross-sectional study assessing the nutritional status of elderly persons through both the short form and the full version of the MNA test.SettingPharmacy offices across the whole country (Spain) were enrolled to recruit participants.SubjectsA total of 22 007 participants (8014 men and 13 993 women), aged ≥65 years, assessed during the last two months of 2005.ResultsAccording to MNA screening, 4·3 % subjects were classified as undernourished (MNA score <17) and 25·4 % were at risk of undernutrition (MNA score ≥17 to ≤23·5). The MNA short form correlated strongly with the full MNA version (r = 0·85). MNA total score was significantly higher in men than in women (25·4 (sd 3·7) v. 24·6 (sd 3·9); P < 0·001) and lower in the oldest than in the youngest subjects (P < 0·001) in both genders. According to regional distribution, the best nutritional status was found in elderly from the north of Spain excluding the north-west area.ConclusionsFemale gender, older age and living in the south half or north-west of the country were associated with higher rates of undernutrition among community-dwelling elderly persons in Spain.

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An Empirical Study of Human Trafficking Law in Cameroon: Victims Rarely Seek Justice and Traffickers Are Not Held Liable

African Journal of International and Comparative Law ◽

10.3366/ajicl.2017.0203 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 25 (3) ◽

pp. 430-441

Author(s):

Monique Aziza

Keyword(s):

Empirical Study ◽

Primary School ◽

Human Trafficking ◽

Government Officials ◽

North West ◽

The North ◽

West Region ◽

Arduous Task ◽

Adults And Children

This article argues that the number of unprosecuted human traffickers is growing in Cameroon. This article aims to examine Cameroonian government officials, prosecutors and judiciary attitudes to human trafficking laws, which endanger Cameroonians. This article is an empirical study of victims of human trafficking. It takes an objective look at Cameroon's anti-trafficking law that criminalises the trafficking of adults and children. It is evident that societal discrimination towards the North West region, lack of opportunities for free education or to a trade post-primary school and the lack of enforcement of the anti-trafficking law are making combating human trafficking an arduous task.

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Personalized Social Services Provided to Children Living with Disabilities: A Case Study in the North-West Region of Romania

10.15405/epsbs.2016.09.59 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Maria Hanyecz-Debelka ◽

Ildiko Szanto

Keyword(s):

Social Services ◽

North West ◽

The North ◽

West Region

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Pedagogic Environment in the Teaching of Economics in Secondary Schools and the Attainment of the Goals of Vision 2035 in the North-West Region of Cameroon

International Journal of Innovative Research and Development ◽

10.24940/ijird/2017/v6/i4/apr17069 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Endeley Margaret Nalova ◽

Samkea Ferdinand

Keyword(s):

Secondary Schools ◽

North West ◽

The North ◽

West Region ◽

Teaching Of Economics

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Credit Constraint and Rural Household Welfare in the Mezam Division of the North-West Region of Cameroon

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13115964 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (11) ◽

pp. 5964

Author(s):

Louis Atamja ◽

Sungjoon Yoo

Keyword(s):

Regression Model ◽

Rural Household ◽

Household Welfare ◽

Switching Regression ◽

Probit Regression ◽

Credit Constraint ◽

Endogenous Switching Regression ◽

North West ◽

The North ◽

West Region

The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of the rural household’s head and household characteristics on credit accessibility. This study also seeks to investigate how credit constraint affects rural household welfare in the Mezam division of the North-West region of Cameroon. Using data from a household survey questionnaire, we found that 36.88% of the households were credit-constrained, while 63.13% were unconstrained. A probit regression model was used to examine the determinants of households’ credit access, while an endogenous switching regression model was used to analyze the impact of credit constraint on household welfare. The results from the probit regression model indicate the importance of the farmer’s or trader’s organization membership, occupation, and savings to the household’s likelihood of being credit-constrained. On the other hand, a prediction from the endogenous switching regression model confirms that households with access to credit have a better standard of welfare than a constrained household. From the results, it is necessary for the government to subsidize microfinance institutions, so that they can take on the risk of offering credit to rural households.

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Impact of Malnutrition Status on Muscle Parameter Changes over a 5-Year Follow-Up of Community-Dwelling Older Adults from the SarcoPhAge Cohort

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13020407 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 407

Author(s):

Laetitia Lengelé ◽

Olivier Bruyère ◽

Charlotte Beaudart ◽

Jean-Yves Reginster ◽

Médéa Locquet

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Muscle Strength ◽

Physical Performance ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Timed Up And Go ◽

P Values ◽

Student’S T ◽

The Impact ◽

Community Dwelling Older Adults

This study aimed to assess the impact of malnutrition on the 5-year evolution of physical performance, muscle mass and muscle strength in participants from the SarcoPhAge cohort, consisting of community-dwelling older adults. The malnutrition status was assessed at baseline (T0) according to the “Global Leadership Initiatives on Malnutrition” (GLIM) criteria, and the muscle parameters were evaluated both at T0 and after five years of follow-up (T5). Lean mass, muscle strength and physical performance were assessed using dual X-ray absorptiometry, handgrip dynamometry, the short physical performance battery test and the timed up and go test, respectively. Differences in muscle outcomes according to nutritional status were tested using Student’s t-test. The association between malnutrition and the relative 5-year change in the muscle parameters was tested using multiple linear regressions adjusted for several covariates. A total of 411 participants (mean age of 72.3 ± 6.1 years, 56% women) were included. Of them, 96 individuals (23%) were diagnosed with malnutrition at baseline. Their muscle parameters were significantly lower than those of the well-nourished patients both at baseline and after five years of follow-up (all p-values < 0.05), except for muscle strength in women at T5, which was not significantly lower in the presence of malnutrition. However, the 5-year changes in muscle parameters of malnourished individuals were not significantly different than those of well-nourished individuals (all p-values > 0.05).

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