scholarly journals Cellular Mechanics and Therapeutic Resistance of the Cancer Relapse

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (11) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Emad Y. Moawad
Keyword(s):  
Low Dose ◽  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Therapeutic Resistance ◽  
Primary Cancer ◽  
A431 Cells ◽  
Second Line Therapy ◽  
Cellular Mechanics ◽  
Cancer Relapse ◽  
Subcutaneous Tissues ◽  
The Right

The aims of this study are to investigate the variation in the mechanical behaviour of the primary cancer from cancer relapse, and measuring the therapeutic resistance acquired by cancer relapse. A431-cultured cells were irradiated for 7 months until 85 Gy. Then, a selected single cell was left to grow as stable A431-R cell line. 106 cells of A431 cells and 106 of A431-R cells suspended in 100 μL of medium were injected into subcutaneous tissues on the right thigh of athymic mice to generate tumor xenografts models of primary cancer (A431-P) and cancer relapse (A431-R). Radiotherapy of a low-dose of 30Gy was applied on xenoimplanted tumors after one week from inoculation. A mock process was performed on untreated groups of mice for controls. Tumor size was monitored starting from inoculation and tumor growth was measured along 42 days. Rates of mitosis and apoptosis and the histologic grade (HG) that characterize the tumor response were determined as described in earlier studies. Alterations induced on tumor HG in the treated models were 100% identical to the energy of the applied doses. The differences in response energy between cancer relapse and primary cancer irrespectively of the treatment (untreated vs. treated) or origin of the cells (A431-P vs. A431-R) in all phases of tumor responses (growth, shrinkage or regrowth) were 100% identical to the total differences in the administered regimens applied on those groups during those phases. Cancer relapse is characterized by a delay in growth before second line therapy for its relatively lower rate of mitosis compared by the primary cancer inducing a corresponding delay in the early detection. The therapeutic resistance of the cancer relapse is equivalent to the energy of the doses which have been delivered in the prior therapies, and requires increasing the administered dose by an amount equivalent to that resistance.

Carboplatin plus Taxol is an Effective Third-line Regimen in Recurrent Undifferentiated Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

2002 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
pp. 273-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Airoldi ◽  
Fulvia Pedani ◽  
Sara Marchionatti ◽  
Anna Maria Gabriele ◽  
Giovanni Succo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma ◽  
Median Overall Survival ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Recurrent Disease ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Cancer ◽  
First Line ◽  
Second Line Therapy ◽  
Previously Treated ◽  
Third Line ◽  
Undifferentiated Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

Background Recurrent undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma is a chemosensitive disease. Few third-line treatments have been reported. Methods Twelve patients (9 males, 3 females; median age 50 years, range, 20-62) with recurrent undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma were treated with carboplatin AUC 5.5 + paclitaxel (175 mg/m2, 3-hr infusion) on day 1 every 3 weeks. All patients had been previously treated for recurrent disease with a first-line cisplatin-based chemotherapy and a second-line therapy with low-dose continous infusion 5-fluorouracil. Results Overall, 54 courses were given (median, 5; range, 2-6). Three patients (25%) obtained a partial response lasting 6, 10 and 26+ months, 1 (8.3%) a minimal response lasting 6 months, and 3 (25%) no change with a median duration of 5 months. The median survival time was 14 months for patients who had a partial or minimal response or no change, and 5 months for nonresponders. Median overall survival was 9.5 months (3-30+). The treatment was well tolerated, and toxicity was manageable. Conclusions The combination has a good pallitive role as third-line chemotherapy in recurrent undifferentiated nasopharyngeal cancer.

scholarly journals Low-Dosed X-Ray Computed Tomography Imaging by Regularized Fully Spatial Fractional-Order Perona-Malik Diffusion

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiwu Liao
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Fractional Order ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Computed Tomography Imaging ◽  
Edge Preserving ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Good Ability ◽  
X Ray Computed ◽  
The Right ◽  
Low Dose Computed Tomography

Existing fractional-order Perona-Malik Diffusion (FOPMD) algorithms used in noise suppressing suffer from undesired artifacts and speckle effect, which hamper FOPMD used in low-dosed X-ray computed tomography (LDCT) imaging. In this paper, we propose a new FOPMD method for low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) imaging, which is called regularized fully spatial FOPMD (RFS-FOPMD), whose numerical scheme is also given based on Grünwald-Letnikov derivative (G-L derivative). Here, fully spatial FOPMD represents all the integer-order derivatives (IODs) in the right hand of Perona-Malik Diffusion (PMD) which are replaced by fractional-order derivatives (FODs). Since the new scheme has advantages of both regularization and FOPMD, it has good abilities in singularities preserving while suppressing noise. Some real sinogram of LDCT are used to compare the different performances not only for some classical but also for some state-of-art diffusion schemes. These schemes include PMD, regularized PMD (RPMD), and FOPMD in (Hu et al. 2012). Experimental results show that besides good ability in edge preserving, the new scheme also has good stability for iteration number and can avoid artifacts and speckle effect with suitable parameters.

Synchronous primary endometrial and ovarian cancer with three different histologic patterns: A case report

2003 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 678-682 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.-S. Ree ◽  
S.-H. Cho ◽  
S.-R. Kim ◽  
S.-H. Cho ◽  
K.-T. Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clear Cell ◽  
Clear Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Figo Stage ◽  
Primary Cancer ◽  
Metastatic Lesions ◽  
Synchronous Cancers ◽  
Stage Ia ◽  
The Right ◽  
Female Genital

Synchronous cancers involving both endometrium and ovary in the female genital tract is a well-recognized phenomenon. However, most of them are metastatic lesions arising from one organ and simultaneous primary cancer occurring in both organs is relatively rare. We report a case with dual primary cancer occurring in both ovaries and endometrium with three different histologies. Recently, a 46-year-old women presented with vaginal bleeding was found to have FIGO stage IC clear cell carcinoma of the left ovary, stage IA borderline mucinous cystadoma of the right ovary, and stage IB endometrial carcinoma of endometrioid type. We present this case with a brief review of references.

scholarly journals Inadvertent Central Arterial Catheterization: An Unusual Cause of Ischemic Stroke

2018 ◽  
Vol 09 (01) ◽  
pp. 155-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nakul Katyal ◽  
Amanda Korzep ◽  
Christopher Newey
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Venous Catheter ◽  
Interventional Cardiology ◽  
Heparin Infusion ◽  
Intravenous Drugs ◽  
Arterial Catheterization ◽  
The Right ◽  
Low Dose Heparin

ABSTRACTCentral venous catheter (CVC) insertion is extensively utilized in Intensive Care Units for evaluation of hemodynamic status, administration of intravenous drugs, and for providing nutritional support in critically ill patients. Unfortunately, CVC use is associated with complications including lung injury, bleeding, infection, and thrombosis. We present a patient with an acute ischemic stroke from an inadvertently placed CVC into the right common carotid artery. A 57-year-old male presented to our institution for left hemiplegia and seizures 2 days after a CVC was placed. He was found to have a right frontal ischemic stroke on computed tomography (CT). CT angiography noted that the catheter was arterial and had a thrombosis around it. He was started on a low-dose heparin infusion. A combination of cardiothoracic surgery and interventional cardiology was required to safely remove the catheter. Central arterial catheterization is an unusual cause for acute ischemic stroke and presents management challenges.

scholarly journals Angiofibrolipoma of Posterior Mediastinum with Transforaminal Extension

Rare Tumors ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-33
Author(s):  
Monia Attia ◽  
Imen Megdiche ◽  
Henda Neji ◽  
Ameur Belhadj ◽  
Ines Baccouche ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Present Report ◽  
Final Diagnosis ◽  
Posterior Mediastinum ◽  
Obtuse Angle ◽  
Thoracic Vertebrae ◽  
Histological Variant ◽  
Subcutaneous Tissues ◽  
Posterior Mediastinal ◽  
The Right ◽  
Upper Mediastinum

Angiofibrolipoma is a histological variant of lipoma, which commonly occurs in subcutaneous tissues. In the present report we illustrate the case of an angiofibrolipoma of the posterior upper mediastinum in a 75-year-old man presented with progressive chest pain. Xray chest showed a homogeneous opacity vertically oriented along the right lateral aspect of thoracic vertebrae with an obtuse angle to the mediastinum. The upper extremity of the mass extended above the superior clavicle, suggestive of a posterior mediastinal lesion. Thoracic magnetic resonance imaging revealed a posterior mediastinal mass, in keeping with a nonaggressive lesion, with particular endocanalar extension and heterogeneous signal and enhancement patterns that was highly suggestive of a mixed mesenchymal tumor. The tumor was incompletely removed by right postero-lateral thoracotomy with final diagnosis of angiofibrolipoma. To the author's knowledge, such a case of angiofibrolipoma located in the posterior mediastinum has not been previously reported in the literature.

Electrochemotherapy with intra-tumoral cisplatin for the treatment of fibrosarcoma in a horse

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Bharathidasan ◽  
B. Justin William ◽  
Ravi Sundar George Sundar George ◽  
A. Arunprasad ◽  
R. Sivasankar
Keyword(s):  
Complete Response ◽  
Tumour Volume ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Medial Aspect ◽  
History Of ◽  
Subcutaneous Tissues ◽  
Needle Aspiration Cytology ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Right

A two years old Kathiawar stallion was reported with the history of two, pedunculated hard mass medially on the thigh and hock of the right hind limb, progressively increasing for the past two months. Fine needle aspiration cytology revealed fibrosarcoma.The tumour on the medial aspect of the thigh was injected with cisplatin intra-tumorally at a dose rate of 0.3 mg/cm3 of tumour volume and was exposed to ECT. The tumour on the medial aspect of the hock was excised incompletely to preserve skin and subcutaneous tissues around the tumour for wound opposition and treated with intra-tumoral injection of cisplatin followed by ECT. Following electrochemotherapy complete response was noticed onthe 3rd and 4th week for the tumours on the thigh and hock respectively. No recurrence was noticed during the follow-up period of one year revealing ETC with cisplatin as a single treatment and also in combination with surgery is effective for the treatment of fibrosarcoma in equines.

Combination therapy of low-dose gemcitabine and paclitaxel in every 4 weeks for patients with platinum-resistant urothelial cancer whose performance status is 2 or 3.

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (6_suppl) ◽  
pp. 462-462
Author(s):  
Tomohiro Matsuo ◽  
Yasuyoshi Miyata ◽  
Yuji Sagara ◽  
Kojiro Ohba ◽  
Hideki Sakai
Keyword(s):  
Combination Therapy ◽  
Urothelial Cancer ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Performance Status ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Second Line ◽  
Second Line Therapy ◽  
Line Therapy ◽  
Grade 3 ◽  
Experimental Group

462 Background: Platinum-based regimens are standard therapy for advanced urothelial cancer (UC). However, second-line chemotherapy is still not established. Therefore, best supportive care is often selected in patients with poor performance status (PS). In our hospital, combination therapy of low-dose gemcitabine and paclitaxel every 4 weeks is administered as second-line therapy for platinum-resistant patients with PS 2 or 3. We investigated the quality of life (QoL) and safety of our regimen in these patients. Methods: Forty-two advanced UC patients were treated with gemcitabine (700 mg/m2 on day 1) and paclitaxel (70 mg/m2 on day 1) every 4 weeks (experimental group). The QoL was evaluated using the short-form survey (SF)-36, and the data were collected on the day before the first cycle was started and 8 weeks after starting the therapy. In addition, survival analysis was performed between these patients and 30 patients who received no second-line therapy (control group). Results: In experimental group, one patient showed grade 3 anemia after the treatment. However, this patient also had severe hematuria before staring of the therapy. No patient had severe adverse events (grade 3 and higher) because of this therapy. The QoL score decreased after the therapy; however, the difference was not significant. With regard to efficacy, partial response was found in two patients, and the mean/SD survival period of the experimental group was 9.2/7.2 months. This period was significantly (P < 0.01) longer than that in the control group (5.8/2.4 months). In addition, 13 (31.0%) and 6 patients (14.3%) survived over 12 and 18 months, respectively. Conclusions: Combined therapy of low-dose gemcitabine and paclitaxel every 4 weeks was well tolerated, and the patient’s QoL was maintained after treatment. Some patients showed relatively long survival periods. We suggest that this treatment regimen is worthy of consideration as second-line therapy for patients with advanced UC with PS 2 or 3.

scholarly journals Overlooking Evolution: A Systematic Analysis of Cancer Relapse and Therapeutic Resistance Research

PLoS ONE ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. e26100 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Athena Aktipis ◽  
Virginia S. Y. Kwan ◽  
Kathryn A. Johnson ◽  
Steven L. Neuberg ◽  
Carlo C. Maley
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Resistance ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Cancer Relapse

scholarly journals Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor of the distal phalanx of the fifth toe: a case report

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 204798161351603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuki Iwama ◽  
Makoto Kunisada ◽  
Hajimu Goto ◽  
Yoshiharu Ohno ◽  
Junji Yamashita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Distal Phalanx ◽  
Nerve Sheath Tumor ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor ◽  
Histological Features ◽  
Nerve Sheath ◽  
Subcutaneous Tissues ◽  
Fifth Toe ◽  
The Right

Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) involving bone is rare. We report a case of MPNST of the fifth toe. The lesion was located in the distal phalanx of the right fifth toe and extended into surrounding subcutaneous tissues. Findings on magnetic resonance imaging and histological features of the case are described and the literature is briefly reviewed.

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