A Search for the Common Poetry Mind & Literary Mind : A Study on the Appreciation and Literary Critic of On the Art of Poetry by Qian Zhongshu

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (1229-9618) ◽  
pp. 183-202
Author(s):  
Han Ji-Yeon ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Literary Critic ◽  
The Common ◽  
Qian Zhongshu

scholarly journals زوربا اليوناني والزين السوداني: دراسة في التقابل والتضاد (Zorba the Greek and Zein the Sudanese: A study of juxtaposition and contrast)

1970 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
حسن عبد الرازق النقر (Hassan Abdel Razek al-Naqr)
Keyword(s):  
Life Form ◽  
World View ◽  
Literary Critic ◽  
Philosophy Of Life ◽  
The World ◽  
Distinct Individual ◽  
Individual Aspect ◽  
The Common ◽  
Personal Philosophy ◽  
Greek Novel

ملخص البحث:تُعد الروايتان زوربا اليوناني للكاتب اليوناني نيكوس كازانتزاكس، وعرس الزين للكاتب السوداني الطيب صالح، من روائع الأدب الروائي العالمي. تتناول الدراسة أوجه الشبه والاختلاف في الروايتين عبر تحليل الشخصيتين الرئيستين، وتحاول الدراسة الإجابة عن الأسئلة الآتية: هل تمثل الشخصيتان الرئيستان رؤيتين محددتين للوجود، بمعنى أنّ أحداث الروايتين تعبر عن هوية جمعية وتصورات، ومن ثمَّ ثقافتين إحداهما غربية والأخرى عربية أفريقية  مسلمة؟ وثانيا هل تعبر أحداث الرويتين عن فلسفة شخصية في الحياة؟ ولمعرفة رؤية الوجود عند الشخصيتين الرئيسيتين تحلل الدراسة أحداث الروايتين مقابل معالم الحياة البارزة التي يمر بها الفرد خلال رحلة حياته الممتدة من الميلاد إلى الموت. ولمعرفة إن كانت أحداث الروايتين تعبر عن فلسفة شخصية في الحياة، يحاول الباحث الإجابة عن هذا السؤال من منظور النقد الأدبي الروائي الذي يميز بين نوعين من الشخصيات، شخصية "النيابي" والشخصية التوضيحية. خرجت الدراسة بنتائج، وهي: أن الحب والحياة يشكلان منحا فرديا عن زوربا، أما عند الزين فتمثلان الشأن الجماعي، وثانيا أن رواية زوربا اليونانية تنتهي بموت السيدة والفراق، أما عند رواية الزين فتنتهي بالزواج، وأخيرا أن شخصيتي زوربا والزين قد تم تشخيصهما كشخصيتين توضيحيتين تعدان جزءا من الشخصية الإنسانية.الكلمات المفتاحية: الشخصية- زوربا- الزين- التقابل- التضاد.Abstract:Zorba the Greek by Nikos Kazantzakis and ‘Urs Zain by the Sudanese writer al-Tayyib Saleh are two of the most highly regarded novel internationally. This study aims at discussing the common and contrasting features in the two novels through exploring their main characters. In order to uncover the world view of both characters, the study will analyze important events that both of them went through in life from their birth until death. In order to ascertain whether the plots of both novels express certain personal philosophy of life, the paper will try to answer this from the standpoint of literary critic on novel writing that distinguishes between two types of characters: a proxy character and an explanatory character. The study concludes: that love and life form a distinct individual aspect  in Zorba while in Zein they materialized in the sociological aspect; that the Greek novel ended with the death of the lady and separation while in Zein it ended with marriage. Finally, both characters had been analyzed as explanatory characters which are regarded as parts of human characters.Keywords: Characters– Zorba– Zein– Contrast – Juxtaposition. Abstrak:Novel ‘Zorba the Greek’ tulisan penulis Yunani, Nikos Kazanrzakis dan novel ‘ʿurs al-Zīn’ tulisan penulis Sudan, Al-Ṭayyib Ṣāliḥ, dianggap karya sastera terbaik di peringkat antarabangsa. Kajian ini membincangkan elemen persamaan dan perbezaan yang terdapat dalam kedua-dua novel tersebut dengan melakukan analisa terhadap watak utama. Kajian turut cuba menjawab beberapa persoalan: Adakah kedua-dua watak utama dalam novel tersebut melambangkan entitinya? Yakni, adakah plot yang terkandung dalam kedua-dua novel mengungkap identiti dan gambaran masyarakat, iaitu watak utama bagi novel pertama memaparkan budaya masyarakat Barat, manakala watak utama dalam novel kedua menggambarkan budaya masyarakat Afrika Muslim? Soalan berikutnya: Adakah plot dalam kedua-dua novel memperkatakan tentang falsafah individu tertentu dalam kehidupan? Untuk merungkai pandangan dunia tentang entiti kedua-dua watak, kajian ini akan menganalisa peristiwa penting yang dilalui oleh mereka sepanjang kehidupan sejak mereka lahir hingga meninggal dunia. Untuk melihat sejauh mana plot kedua-dua novel melambangkan falsafah individu tertentu dalam kehidupan, kajian ini cuba merumuskan daripada sudut pandangan kritikan sastera dalam penulisan novel, di mana pandangan ini membezakan dua jenis watak, iaitu watak proksi dan watak keterangan. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa elemen kasih sayang dan kehidupan membentuk sifat individu yang jelas dalam diri Zorba, manakala bagi Zein, kedua-dua elemen ini menjelma sebagai aspek sosiologi dan kemasyarakatan. Novel Zorba diakhiri dengan kematian seorang wanita dan perpisahan, manakala novel Zein pula ditamatkan dengan perkahwinan. Akhirnya, kedua-dua watak telah dianalisa sebagai watak keterangan di mana mereka dianggap sebahagian daripada peribadi insani.Kata kunci: Watak- Zorba- Zein- Perbandingan- Pertentangan.

Virginia Woolf and the Critic as Reader

PMLA ◽  
1965 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 275-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Goldman
Keyword(s):  
Virginia Woolf ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Literary Critic ◽  
Total Immersion ◽  
Real Value ◽  
The Common ◽  
Literary Portrait

Virginia woolf's title for the two volumes of essays collected in her lifetime, The Common Reader, has been taken for a descriptive image of the critic as impressionist or amateur reader. In the preface to her first Common Reader, Mrs. Woolf explains her title and epigraph, taken from Dr. Johnson's “Life of Gray,” in place of a statement of purpose. Her description is deliberately casual and informal, but she provides a structure and point of view for her essays by adding that the common reader does wish to create from his reading “some kind of whole—a portrait of a man, a sketch of an age, a theory of the art of writing.” Though Mrs. Woolf's deceptive remarks on the function of criticism may partly account for the persistent view of her as “reader” rather than “critic,” other writers have contributed to the stereotype of Virginia Woolf as an occasional essayist and impressionist, as a literary portrait painter and miniaturist; or as an antiquarian rummaging through the attics of a rather charming but peripheral past. Unsympathetic readers have carried the belletristic image further and coupled it with the conception of her fiction as a total immersion in pure subjectivity or (in Sean O'Faolain's view) as an exercise in the novel as narcissism. Yet, in fairness to reviewers of Virginia Woolf's essays, it should be noted that both favorable and unfavorable com'ments seem to be based on a similar conception of her as an appreciator or impressionist rather than a serious critic. Thus Horace Gregory, while presenting what he feels is a just and favorable estimate of Virginia Woolf as an essayist, tends to ignore her real value as a literary critic.

scholarly journals STRUCTURE OF CULTURAL PROTECTION CONCEPT OF EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITY BY V. A. SHCHEPOTIEV

2017 ◽  
pp. 184-192
Author(s):  
Yuliia Hryn
Keyword(s):  
Vocational Training ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Public Institutions ◽  
Educational Activity ◽  
Young Generation ◽  
Literary Critic ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Common ◽  
School Youth

The  article  has  studied  pedagogical  views  and  educational  activity  of V. Shchepotiev (1880–1937) – the first rector of Poltava Institute of Education, literary critic, art historian, ethnographer, archivist, translator, and public figure.It has been scientifically grounded that a scientist’s pedagogical conception of culture protection has five concepts: 1) purposeful one includes the purpose of education – the formation of national consciousness in young generation by means of Ukrainian   culture,   the   formation   of   responsibility   for   it   to   the   succession; 2) theoretical  and methodological  concept (scientist’s  concept was based on culturological approach; principles of nationality, culture-correspondence, democracy, humanism, emotionality; it was realized in conditions of awareness by academic and pedagogical intellectuals of their culture protection mission; involvement of school youth to the common culture protection activities at secondary and high schools, extracurricular institutions, government agencies, community organizations and families; expansion of culture protection network of public institutions and public organizations); 3) content one (Ukrainian culture in all its diversity); 4) method component (unity of pedagogical and scientific methods – verbal, visual, practical, stimulating, active, theoretical and scientific-research; and also pedagogical and scientific forms of educational activity organization – the forms of education and upbringing of a personality, vocational training of future teachers and artists,  community  and  scientific  work);  5) praxeological  one  (culture  protection educational activity, scientific and pedagogical intellectuals were the subject of that activity and Poltava Institute of Folk Education was regional centre of culture protection).

Catalogue reduction techniques

1978 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 389-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chr. de Vegt
Keyword(s):  
Adjustment Process ◽  
Proper Motions ◽  
Measuring Process ◽  
Aerial Photogrammetry ◽  
Reduction Techniques ◽  
Observational Technique ◽  
The Common ◽  
Astrometric Data

AbstractReduction techniques as applied to astrometric data material tend to split up traditionally into at least two different classes according to the observational technique used, namely transit circle observations and photographic observations. Although it is not realized fully in practice at present, the application of a blockadjustment technique for all kind of catalogue reductions is suggested. The term blockadjustment shall denote in this context the common adjustment of the principal unknowns which are the positions, proper motions and certain reduction parameters modelling the systematic properties of the observational process. Especially for old epoch catalogue data we frequently meet the situation that no independent detailed information on the telescope properties and other instrumental parameters, describing for example the measuring process, is available from special calibration observations or measurements; therefore the adjustment process should be highly self-calibrating, that means: all necessary information has to be extracted from the catalogue data themselves. Successful applications of this concept have been made already in the field of aerial photogrammetry.

Renilla Bioluminescence: A Morphologic Approach to the Location of Photocytes

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 208-209
Author(s):  
Ben O. Spurlock ◽  
Milton J. Cormier
Keyword(s):  
Excited State ◽  
Ground State ◽  
Molecular Basis ◽  
Light Emission ◽  
Chemical Basis ◽  
Electronic Excited State ◽  
Colonial Form ◽  
The Common ◽  
Eighteenth And Nineteenth Centuries ◽  
Catalyzed Oxidation

The phenomenon of bioluminescence has fascinated layman and scientist alike for many centuries. During the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries a number of observations were reported on the physiology of bioluminescence in Renilla, the common sea pansy. More recently biochemists have directed their attention to the molecular basis of luminosity in this colonial form. These studies have centered primarily on defining the chemical basis for bioluminescence and its control. It is now established that bioluminescence in Renilla arises due to the luciferase-catalyzed oxidation of luciferin. This results in the creation of a product (oxyluciferin) in an electronic excited state. The transition of oxyluciferin from its excited state to the ground state leads to light emission.

Mammalian Bone Marrow Acetylcholinesterase

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 44-45
Author(s):  
Ezzatollah Keyhani
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Common Property ◽  
Extracellular Medium ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
The Common ◽  
Mammalian Bone

Acetylcholinesterase (EC 3.1.1.7) (ACHE) has been localized at cholinergic junctions both in the central nervous system and at the periphery and it functions in neurotransmission. ACHE was also found in other tissues without involvement in neurotransmission, but exhibiting the common property of transporting water and ions. This communication describes intracellular ACHE in mammalian bone marrow and its secretion into the extracellular medium.

Correlation analysis of radiation damage

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 214-215
Author(s):  
R. Hegerl ◽  
A. Feltynowski ◽  
B. Grill
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Independent Random Variables ◽  
Optical Parameters ◽  
Bright Field Image ◽  
Bright Field ◽  
Expectation Value ◽  
All Optical ◽  
Image Element ◽  
Stochastic Series ◽  
The Common

Till now correlation functions have been used in electron microscopy for two purposes: a) to find the common origin of two micrographs representing the same object, b) to check the optical parameters e. g. the focus. There is a third possibility of application, if all optical parameters are constant during a series of exposures. In this case all differences between the micrographs can only be caused by different noise distributions and by modifications of the object induced by radiation.Because of the electron noise, a discrete bright field image can be considered as a stochastic series Pm,where i denotes the number of the image and m (m = 1,.., M) the image element. Assuming a stable object, the expectation value of Pm would be Ηm for all images. The electron noise can be introduced by addition of stationary, mutual independent random variables nm with zero expectation and the variance. It is possible to treat the modifications of the object as a noise, too.

The Red Neuronal Pigment in the Nervous System of the Mussel, Mytilus Edulis: Localization and Its Effect on Lateral Ciliary Activity with Spectral and Analytical Changes

1981 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 494-495
Author(s):  
Anthony A. Paparo ◽  
Judith A. Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Mytilus Edulis ◽  
Neuronal Cell ◽  
Ciliary Activity ◽  
Neuronal Cell Bodies ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Intracellular Organelles ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Cryostat Sections

The purpose of this study was to localize the red neuronal pigment in Mytilus edulis and examine its role in the control of lateral ciliary activity in the gill. The visceral ganglia (Vg) in the central nervous system show an over al red pigmentation. Most red pigments examined in squash preps and cryostat sec tions were localized in the neuronal cell bodies and proximal axon regions. Unstained cryostat sections showed highly localized patches of this pigment scattered throughout the cells in the form of dense granular masses about 5-7 um in diameter, with the individual granules ranging from 0.6-1.3 um in diame ter. Tissue stained with Gomori's method for Fe showed bright blue granular masses of about the same size and structure as previously seen in unstained cryostat sections.Thick section microanalysis (Fig.l) confirmed both the localization and presence of Fe in the nerve cell. These nerve cells of the Vg share with other pigmented photosensitive cells the common cytostructural feature of localization of absorbing molecules in intracellular organelles where they are tightly ordered in fine substructures.

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