KELAS MOTIVASI PENDIDIKAN UNTUK MENCEGAH PERNIKAHAN DINI PADA REMAJA DI DESA PILANGSARI

Early marriage refers to the marriage of girl or boy who is less than 18 years old. Early marriage has a negative impact on the education, psychological and reproductive health of adolescents. Reproductive health problem that found in Pilangsari is the prevalence of mothers who have children (<5 years old) that married at age 16-18 years is 47.11%. This is influenced by various factors, one of them is individual aspect, including low education levels, lack of information and knowledge from individuals about the impact of early marriage. Community empowerment intervention activities are carried out in the form of motivational class to continue higher education. The target of this activity is Pilangsari adolescents aged 13-18 years. The main objective is preventing early marriage in adolescents. The materials provided, including adolescent reproductive health, especially early marriage, motivation continuing higher education and the spirit of pursuing goals. Based on the results of the questionnaire, 93% of all participants have high level of motivation to continue their education. Based on the results of the evaluation, the motivational class met all indicators of success, so it can be said that the motivational class activity was successful.Keywords: Early Marriage; Adolescent Reproductive Health; Motivation class in education. AbstrakPernikahan dini merujuk pada pernikahan perempuan atau laki-laki usia kurang dari 18 tahun. Pernikahan dini memiliki dampak negatif bagi pendidikan, psikologis dan kesehatan reproduksi remaja. Masalah kesehatan terkait reproduksi yang ditemukan di Desa Pilangsari, Kecamatan Kalitidu, Kabupaten Bojonegoro adalah prevalensi ibu yang memiliki balita menikah pada usia 16-18 tahun sebesar 47,11%. Hal tersebut dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor, salah satunya dari aspek individu, antara lain tingkat pendidikan rendah, kurangnya informasi dan pengetahuan dari individu tentang dampak pernikahan dini. Kegiatan intervensi pemberdayaan masyarakat dilakukan dalam bentuk kegiatan kelas motivasi untuk melanjutkan pendidikan yang lebih tinggi. Sasaran kegiatan ini adalah remaja Desa Pilangsari yang berusia 13-18 tahun dengan tujuan utama untuk mencegah pernikahan dini pada remaja. Materi yang diberikan antara lain penyuluhan terkait kesehatan reproduksi remaja, khususnya pernikahan dini, memberikan motivasi tentang melanjutkan pendidikan yang lebih tinggi dan semangat mengejar cita-cita, Berdasarkan hasil kuesioner, 93% dari seluruh peserta memiliki tingkat motivasi tinggi untuk melanjutkan pendidikan. Berdasarkan hasil evaluasi kegiatan, kelas motivasi memenuhi semua indikator keberhasilan, maka dapat dikatakan bahwa kegiatan kelas motivasi berhasil.Kata Kunci: Pernikahan dini, kesehatan reproduksi remaja, kelas motivasi pendidikan

Defining Spirituality in Healthcare: A Systematic Review and Conceptual Framework

Objective: To investigate the definitions of spirituality in the healthcare field, identifying its main dimensions and proposing a framework that operationalizes the understanding of this concept.Methods: This is a systematic review following the PRISMA guideline (PROSPERO: CRD42021262091), searching for spirituality definitions published in scientific journals. Searches were carried out in PubMed (all articles listed up to October 2020) and in the reference lists of the articles found in the database, followed by selection under specific eligibility criteria.Results: From a total of 493 articles, 166 were included in the final analysis, showing that there is a large body of scientific literature proposing and analyzing spirituality definitions. In these articles, 24 spirituality dimensions were found, most commonly related to the connectedness and meaning of life. Spirituality was presented as a human and individual aspect. These findings led us to construct a framework that represents spirituality as a quantifiable construct.Conclusions: Understanding spirituality is an important aspect for healthcare research and clinical practice. This proposed framework may help to better understand the complexity of this topic, where advances are desirable, given the relevance it has acquired for integral health care.

Reflection on EFL/ESL Teachers' Emotional Creativity and Students L2 Engagement

Emotions are one of the pillars of all human beings which can play a vital role in providing education. Emotions can affect all aspects of education. The feeling of creativity is one of the subsets of emotions. This feeling strongly affects the performance of education and the level of involvement of students. Student involvement has different aspects: social aspect; individual aspect, and emotional aspect. The present review shows that the emotional aspect of L2 engagement plays a pivotal role in the process of learning the language in English as a foreign language (EFL) and English as a second language (ESL) context. In dealing with the emotional aspect of teachers, the personal, social, and environmental aspects of the individual should be considered. The paper concludes with some pedagogical implications and provides some suggestions for future research.

PERILAKU ALTRUISTIK TOKOH UTAMA DALAM NOVEL REFLEKSI SOSIAL BUDAYA SUKU TORAJA DALAM NOVEL PUYA KE PUYA KARYA FAISAL ODDANG (SOCIO-CULTURAL REFLECTION IN FAISAL ODDANG’S NOVEL PUYA KE PUYA)

Socio-cultural Reflection in Faisal Oddang’s Novel Puya ke Puya. This study describes the individual and socio-cultural aspects of the Toraja tribe, as reflected in the novel Puya ke Puya. This is qualitative research using the approach of the sociology of literature. This research's object is a novel entitled "Puya ke Puya," written by Faisal Odang. The focus of this research is the socio-cultural aspects of the Toraja tribe. This research's data are in the form of words, sentences, and discourses in the novel. This research combines the sociology of literature and anthropology of literature. Through these two approaches, the researcher describes the socio-cultural aspects of the community of Toraja. Data that have been collected were analyzed using a data analysis technique model developed by Talcott Parson.The social aspects of the Toraja tribe in the novel include economic systems such as livelihoods, government systems, and social community systems such as social strata. Meanwhile, the cultural aspects of the Toraja culture include belief systems, myths, and culture. Then the individual aspect consists of the individual aspect by reviewing the characters in the novel. The results of data analysis show that the social and cultural aspects of Toraja in Puya ke Puya related to the dominant livelihood system are agriculture and livestock; The two sectors have a major influence on the social and cultural life of the Toraja people. Then in terms of governance, the Toraja community has a customary community led by Pennuluan; and the last is the caste system in Toraja, which is composed of four castes, which are the basis of all the implementation of cultural life in Toraja. The next portrait concerning cultural aspects is a belief system called Aluk Todolo. The Aluk Tadolo belief system is the foundation of Toraja's culture, such as the two major rituals, namely the Rambu Tuka "or happiness ceremony and the Rambu Solo" as a mourning ceremony. The last one is that the novel shows the individual aspects of Toraja's community, which are generally still bound by culture and society. Key words: social aspects, cultural aspects, Toraja tribe, novels Abstrak Refleksi Sosial Budaya Suku Toraja dalam Novel Puya ke Puya Karya Faisal Oddang. Penelitian ini akan dipaparkan mengenai aspek sosial, aspek budaya dan aspek individu suku Toraja yang terdapat dalam novel Puya ke Puya. Penelitian ini berupa penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan sosiologi sastra, adapun objek penelitian ini adalah novel yang berjudul “Puya ke Puya” karya Faisal Odang dengan fokus penelitian ini adalah aspek sosial budaya suku Toraja. Data dan sumber data yang dijadikan sebagai Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra dan Pembelajarannya Vol 11, No 2, Oktober 2021 ISSN 2089-0117 (Print) Page 275 – 285 ISSN 2580-5932 (Online) 276 ǀ Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra dan Pembelajarannya objek penelitian ini adalah data yang berupa kata, kalimat, dan wacana yang ada di dalam novel Puya ke Puya karya Faisal Oddang. Penelitian ini memadukan telaah sosiologi sastra dan antropologi sastra. Dengan penggabungan pendekatan tersebut diperoleh deskripsi data aspek sosial budaya masyarakat Toraja. Data-data yang diperoleh dianilisis dengan menggunkan model teknik analisis data yang dikembangkan oleh Tallcot Parson. Aspek sosial suku Toraja yang terdapat dalam novel Puya ke Puya karya Faisal Oddang meliputi sistem ekonomi seperti mata pencarian, sistem pemerintahan dan sistem komunitas kemasyarakatan seperti strata sosial. sementara itu untuk Aspek budaya budaya suku Toraja meliputi sistem kepercayaan, mitos, kebudayaan. Kemudian aspek individu menguraikan aspek individu dengan meninjau tokoh dalam novel. Dari hasil analisis data, diperoleh hasil bahwa dalam aspek sosial budaya di Toraja dalam novel Puya ke Puya menunjukkan bahwa sistem mata pencarian yang dominan adalah dari sektor pertanian dan peternakan, sebab kedua sektor tersebut berpengaruh besar dalam kehidupan sosial dan budaya masyarakat Toraja, kemudian dari segi pemerintahan masyarkat Toraja mempunyai komunitas adat yang dipimpin oleh Pennuluan, dan yang terakhir adalah sistem kasta di Toraja tersusun atas empat kasta yang menjadi dasar dari segala pelaksanaan kehidupan berbudaya di Toraja. Gambaran selajutnya adalah dari segi aspek budaya yang menunjukkan bahwa di Toraja terdapat sistem kepercayaan yang disebut Aluk Todolo yang merupakan landasan dari kebudayaan yang ada di Toraja, seperti dua ritual besar yakni Rambu Tuka’ atau upacara kegembiraan dan Rambu solo’ sebagai upacara duka cita. Dan yang terakhir bahwa dalam novel tersebut menujukkan mengenai aspek individu masyarakat suku Toraja yang pada umumnya masih terikat oleh budaya dan sosial. Kata-kata kunci: aspek sosial, aspek budaya, suku Toraja, novel

Abstract P336: Assistance From Automated ASPECTS Software Improves Reader Performance

Purpose: To compare physicians’ ability to read Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (ASPECTS) in patients with a large vessel occlusion within 6 hours of symptom onset when assisted by a machine learning-based automatic software tool, RAPID ASPECTS, compared with their unassisted score. Materials and Methods: 50 baseline CT scans selected from two prior studies (CRISP and GAMES-RP) were read by 3 experienced neuroradiologists who were provided access to a follow-up MRI. The average ASPECT score of these reads was used as the reference standard. Two additional neuroradiologists and 6 non-neuroradiologist readers then read the scans both with and without assistance from the RAPID ASPECTS software and reader improvement was determined. The primary hypothesis was that the agreement between typical readers and the consensus of 3 expert neuroradiologists would be improved with RAPID-assisted vs. unassisted reads. Agreement was based on the percentage of the individual ASPECT regions (50 cases, 10 regions each; N=500) where agreement was achieved. Results: Typical non-neuroradiologist readers agreed with the expert consensus read in 72% of the 500 ASPECTS regions, evaluated without software assistance. The automated software alone agreed in 77%. When the typical readers read the scan in conjunction with the software, agreement improved to 78% (P<0.0001, test of proportions). RAPID ASPECTS alone achieved correlations for total ASPECT scores that were similar to the expert readers who had access to the follow-up MRI scan to help enhance the quality of their reads. Conclusion: Typical readers had statistically significant improvement in their scoring of scans when the scan was read in conjunction with the automated RAPID ASPECTS software, achieving agreement rates that were comparable to neuroradiologists.

Psychometric Properties for Well-being: Developing and Validating Happiness Instrument

There are various factors that make human beings feel happy, one of them is possessing a good psychological well-being that they had. The purpose of this study was to identify an element of happiness that fulfil human’s necessity in their life, then develop the happiness measurement to an appropriate instrument. This research was conducted in different states in Malaysia using a survey method with quantitative approach. The number of samples of about 475 Malaysian from various stages of age using the purposive sampling technique. Data of happiness instrument was obtained through Al-Ghazali’s concept of happiness which includes religious knowledge, righteous practices and individual aspect and they act as the independent variables. Meanwhile, happiness itself acts as the dependent variable. The findings were then analysed using SPSS and PLS. Based on the structural equation modelling, the study found that religious knowledge, practices, and individual constructs have significant relationship with happiness. The average variance extracted (AVE) values ranges between 0.501 0.615, which is an acceptable valid range. It can be observed that there is a significant relation between individual construct and happiness (t=2.817, p<0.005), practices and happiness (t=6.805, p<0.000), and religious knowledge and happiness (t=3.947, p<0.000). Moreover, the positive sign implies that there is a direct relationship between the dependent and independent variables.

The methodology of food design. Part 1. The individual aspect

Innovative technologies for food raw material processing and food production are becoming globally important within the framework of modern biotechnology. The need to create a universal methodology for food design and the importance of its implementation in different lines of human life activity are obvious. Within the paradigm of modern biotechnology, personalized diets that take into consideration the genetic characteristics of consumers are becoming more and more popular. Nutrition science deals with the development of this direction. It is divided into nutrigenetics and nutrigenomics. Nutrigenetics investigates an effect of modifications in genes on absorption of metabolites, nutrigenomics investigates how food components affect the work of genes. In this work, we consider mutations that influence the assimilation of metabolites and contribute to nutrigenetic research. The work is aimed at finding and studying genes responsible for eating behavior. Methods of analysis of genetic polymorphisms and modern achievements of nutrigenetics in the development of personalized nutrition are considered. The review allowed us to find and describe the genes that influenced human eating behavior: the role of genes, their localization, polymorphisms affecting the metabolism of nutrients and food preferences are indicated. Thirty four genes that influence eating behavior were identified, and significant shortcomings of current methods / programs for developing personalized diets were indicated. Weaknesses in the development of nutrigenetics were identified (inconsistency of data on SNP genes, ignoring population genetics data, information that is hard for consumers to understand, etc.). Taking into consideration all shortcomings, an approximate model for selecting a personalized diet is proposed. In the future, it is planned to develop the proposed model for making up individual diets.

Experimental Examination of Adhesive Bonded Carbon Fibre Tube to Aluminum Alloy AW 7075

Carbon fibre products are getting to be common today for its high strength and lightweight, thus it is desirable to feasible its quality within the race car design as much as possible. This paper focuses on usage of carbon fibre tubes (20x2) for suspension links connecting an upright with chassis of a race car. The end of each link is bonded to an aluminum holder housing a spherical bearing. Thus there risen a question about quality and durability of such joint. Hence number of tests (tensile, compressive, torsion) were performed using various glues (Scotch-Weld 490 3M and Tech-Lit 2KE) and surface finishes of glued surface to see the influence of each individual aspect. The most important was tensile test and best result reached combination of Scotch-Weld 490 3M and smooth glued surface. Best result of tensile test with Tech-Lit 2KE reached combination with knurled glued surface. Other tests, compresive and torsion, were additional to this research.

RESEARCH PARADIGM OF SOVIET EXISTENCE: SOCIAL-CULTURAL AND PHILOSOPHICAL ASPECTS

The article considers new aspects in researching the soviet culture transformations. It has been become a point at issue of a seminar-debate on the topic «Soviet existence on the threshold of conformation of totalitarian and authoritarian frameworks» (May, 2020). It was organized on the grant project of Russian Science Foundation № 20-68-46013 «Philosophic-anthropological analysis of soviet existence. Suppositions, dynamics, influence over modernity». The analysis of seminar-debate items, feedback of outstanding researches and students, invited to debate, spots that soviet existence is defined as being a difficult unhomogeneous integrative phenomenon. Its research is important and significant in contemporary and exploratory scope. The content of seminar shows that an essential researching tendency becomes a consideration of the soviet culture in the aspect of mythologization. The soviet reality is noticeable as myths and the soviet way of life is noticeable as mythologemas. In the direction of the declared cultural tradition, mythological figures (primal forefathers, heroes, enemies, rulers) of the soviet culture are indicated and defined. They correspond to realistic historical persons. It is noted the main tendencies of the soviet mythological system creation, founded on traditional cultural concepts, transformed in tune with ideological principles. Consequently, the participants of seminar enunciate straight and suppose implicitly varied contacts between pre-soviet and soviet existence, apparent in a philosophical thought and in an artwork. In this context it is noted next dimensions of the soviet existence problem: beginnings of the soviet existence and its organization, chronotopos of the soviet existence, chemistry between a person and power. An individual aspect in researching the soviet existence becomes the problem of creative person’s presence. This aspect was interesting not only for the participants of the seminar but students invited to debate.