scholarly journals Nuclear Imaging in Dentistry -A novel modality to explore

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Sahithi Dathar ◽  
Sudhakara Reddy ◽  
Jyothirmai Koneru ◽  
M Preethi ◽  
Satheesh Guvvala
Keyword(s):  
Single Photon ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Nuclear Imaging ◽  
The Body ◽  
Imaging Modalities ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Underlying Principle

<p>Nuclear imaging is an exceptional branch of medical science that has been evolved in the latest decades in early diagnosis of a disease. The main underlying principle is that radioisotopes are injected in the body and emits gamma rays which are detected by special image receptors. Various nuclear imaging modalities include Scintigraphy, SPECT (Single photon emission computed tomography) and PET (Positron emission tomography) which can assess any functional changes that occur within a diseased cell. This article has essentially dealt with the fundamental principles of various nuclear imaging modalities and their applications in oral and maxillofacial region.</p>

scholarly journals SPECT Imaging of Epilepsy: An Overview and Comparison with F-18 FDG PET

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunhee Kim ◽  
James M. Mountz
Keyword(s):  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Functional Neuroimaging ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Imaging Modalities ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Analysis Methods ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Eeg Recordings

Epilepsy surgery is highly effective in treating refractory epilepsy, but requires accurate presurgical localization of the epileptogenic focus. Briefly, localization of the region of seizure onset traditionally dependents on seizure semiology, scalp EEG recordings and correlation with anatomical imaging modalities such as MRI. The introduction of noninvasive functional neuroimaging methods, including single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and positron emission tomography (PET) has dramatically changed the method for presurgical epilepsy evaluation. These imaging modalities have become powerful tools for the investigation of brain function and are an essential part of the evaluation of epileptic patients. Of these methods, SPECT has the practical capacity to image blood flow functional changes that occur during seizures in the routine clinical setting. In this review we present the basic principles of epilepsy SPECT and PET imaging. We discuss the properties of the SPECT tracers to be used for this purpose and imaging acquisition protocols as well as the diagnostic performance of SPECT in addition to SPECT image analysis methods. This is followed by a discussion and comparison to F-18 FDG PET acquisition and imaging analysis methods.

scholarly journals Novel Imaging Techniques for Heart Failure

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josep L Melero-Ferrer ◽  
Raquel López-Vilella ◽  
Herminio Morillas-Climent ◽  
Jorge Sanz-Sánchez ◽  
Ignacio J Sánchez-Lázaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Nuclear Imaging ◽  
Imaging Modalities ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Positron Emission

Imaging techniques play a main role in heart failure (HF) diagnosis, assessment of aetiology and treatment guidance. Echocardiography is the method of choice for its availability, cost and it provides most of the information required for the management and follow up of HF patients. Other non-invasive cardiac imaging modalities, such as cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR), nuclear imaging-positron emission tomography (PET) and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and computed tomography (CT) could provide additional aetiological, prognostic and therapeutic information, especially in selected populations. This article reviews current indications and possible future applications of imaging modalities to improve the management of HF patients.

scholarly journals Pencitraan Kedokteran Nuklir Pada Pasien Metastasis Tulang dengan Kanker Payudara

Syntax Idea ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (12) ◽  
pp. 2564
Author(s):  
Esther Devina Panjaitan ◽  
Hendra Budiawan
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Bone Metastases ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Nuclear Imaging ◽  
Imaging Modalities ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Photon Emission Computed Tomography

Bone is the most common site to which breast cancer metastasizes and sometimes is the first affected site in a substantial proportion of women with advanced breast cancer. A lot of study has highlighted that imaging modalities visualize different aspects of osseous tissues (cortex or marrow). Imaging bone metastases is problematic because the lesions can be osteolytic, osteoblastic, or mixed, and imaging modalities are based on either direct anatomic visualization of the bone or tumor or indirect measurements of bone or tumor metabolism. Bone imaging by skeletal scintigraphy can be an essential part, and positron emission tomography or single-photon emission computed tomography have a potential of evaluating bone metastases, but no consensus exists as to the best modality for diagnosing the lesion and for assessing its response to treatment. In this review, we discuss the use of each nuclear imaging for bone modality for diagnosing bone metastases from breast cancer

Basic principles and technological state of the art: SPECT

ESC CardioMed ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 573-577
Author(s):  
Alessia Gimelli ◽  
Riccardo Liga
Keyword(s):  
Single Photon ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Nuclear Imaging ◽  
The Body ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Photon Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Invasive Evaluation

Single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) photons as a medical imaging technique detects the radiation emitted by radioisotopes injected into the body to provide in vivo measurements of regional tissue function. From its introduction in the cardiologic clinical field, nuclear imaging has classically represented the reference technique for the non-invasive evaluation of myocardial perfusion, becoming the most frequently performed imaging modality for the functional assessment of patients with ischaemic heart disease.

scholarly journals Nuclear Imaging of Glucose Metabolism: Beyond 18F-FDG

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han Feng ◽  
Xiaobo Wang ◽  
Jian Chen ◽  
Jing Cui ◽  
Tang Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Tumor Imaging ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Nuclear Imaging ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Metabolic Imaging ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Positron Emission

Glucose homeostasis plays a key role in numerous fundamental aspects of life, and its dysregulation is associated with many important diseases such as cancer. The atypical glucose metabolic phenomenon, known as the Warburg effect, has been recognized as a hallmark of cancer and serves as a promising target for tumor specific imaging. At present, 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-glucose (18F-FDG)-based positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) represented the state-of-the-art radionuclide imaging technique for this purpose. The powerful impact of 18F-FDG has prompted intensive research efforts into other glucose-based radiopharmaceuticals for positron emission tomography (PET) and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging. Currently, glucose and its analogues have been labeled with various radionuclides such as 99mTc, 111In, 18F, 68Ga, and 64Cu and have been successfully investigated for tumor metabolic imaging in many preclinical studies. Moreover, 99mTc-ECDG has advanced into its early clinical trials and brings a new era of tumor imaging beyond 18F-FDG. In this review, preclinical and early clinical development of glucose-based radiopharmaceuticals for tumor metabolic imaging will be summarized.

Basic principles and technological state of the art: SPECT

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessia Gimelli ◽  
Riccardo Liga
Keyword(s):  
Single Photon ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Nuclear Imaging ◽  
The Body ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Photon Emission Computed Tomography

Single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) photons as a medical imaging technique detects the radiation emitted by radioisotopes injected into the body to provide in vivo measurements of regional tissue function. From its introduction in the cardiologic clinical field, nuclear imaging has classically represented the reference technique for the non-invasive evaluation of myocardial perfusion, becoming the most frequently performed imaging modality for the functional assessment of patients with ischaemic heart disease.

scholarly journals Dismantling the pathophysiology of asthma using imaging

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (152) ◽  
pp. 180111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory G. King ◽  
Catherine E. Farrow ◽  
David G. Chapman
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Airflow Obstruction ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lung Imaging ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Positron Emission

Asthma remains an important disease worldwide, causing high burden to patients and healthcare systems and presenting a need for better management and ultimately prevention and cure. Asthma is a very heterogeneous condition, with many different pathophysiological processes. Better measurement of those pathophysiological processes are needed to better phenotype disease, and to go beyond the current, highly limited measurements that are currently used: spirometry and symptoms. Sophisticated three-dimensional lung imaging using computed tomography and ventilation imaging (single photon emission computed tomography and positron emission tomography) and magnetic resonance imaging and methods of lung imaging applicable to asthma research are now highly developed. The body of current evidence suggests that abnormalities in structure and ventilatory function measured by imaging are clinically relevant, given their associations with disease severity, exacerbation risk and airflow obstruction. Therefore, lung imaging is ready for more widespread use in clinical trials and to become part of routine clinical assessment of asthma.

scholarly journals In vivo functional imaging with SPECT and PET

2001 ◽  
Vol 89 (4-5) ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Herzog
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Information ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
The Body ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
In Vivo Functional Imaging ◽  
Photon Emission Computed Tomography

Nuclear medicine methods permit the visualisation of a variety of metabolic and physiological processes all over the body. Although planar scintigraphy has been found useful for many questions, detailed spatial information about the diseased organ can only be obtained with tomographic methods. Dependent on the radionuclide involved, two different tomographic procedures are available: single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and positron emission tomography (PET). The first part of this paper describes shortly the historical development of these methods as well as their technical and methodological basics. To elucidate the large variety of possible applications, an overview of SPECT and PET procedures utilised in research as well as in clinical practice are presented. Furthermore, both methods are compared and their individual advantages are pointed out.

scholarly journals Theranostics: New Era in Nuclear Medicine and Radiopharmaceuticals

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chanchal Deep Kaur ◽  
Koushlesh Kumar Mishra ◽  
Anil Sahu ◽  
Rajnikant Panik ◽  
Pankaj Kashyap ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Medicine ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Nuclear Imaging ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Future Perspective ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Current Scenario

Malignancy and many inflammatory diseases have become a major concern for mankind over the years. The conventional therapy of these diseases lacks the effectiveness of the better diagnosis and targeted treatment of these diseases, but nuclear medicine can be regarded as a savior in the current scenario. Over the years, radioactivity of radioisotopes has been employed for treatment of many diseases. Nuclear medicines came up with radiopharmaceuticals that impart the ability to destroy specific diseased cells with high-energy-emitting radionuclides. Moreover, the emergence of theranostics, which is a combination of single drug used both for diagnostic as well as therapeutic purpose, has added a new feather in the field of nuclear medicines for providing a specific and personalized treatment to the patient. The current chapter discusses about techniques used for imaging of these radionuclides for better therapy and diagnosis of the root cause of the concerned disease by positron emission tomography (PET)/CT and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)/CT as well as the advantages and disadvantages associated with them. It also describes about applications of theranostics and nuclear imaging in cancer treatment and their future perspective.

A Review on Nuclear Imaging as a Promising Modality for Efficient Diagnosis of Tuberculosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asma Rafique ◽  
Rashid Rasheed ◽  
Saba Shamim ◽  
Munazza Ijaz ◽  
Ghulam Murtaza
Keyword(s):  
Single Photon ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Nuclear Imaging ◽  
Therapy Response ◽  
World Health ◽  
Multiple Drug ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Nuclear Medicine Imaging ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Health Organization

: Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease and is declared a global health issue by the World Health Organization in 1993. Due to the complex pathophysiology of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, it remains a global threat. This article reviews the conventional diagnostic modalities for tuberculosis, their limitations to detect latent TB, multiple drug-resistant TB, human immunodeficiency virus co-infected TB lesions, and TB in children. Moreover, this review illustrates the importance of nuclear medicine imaging for early, non-invasive diagnosis of TB to detect disease stages and monitor therapy response. Currently, single-photon emission computed tomography and positron emission tomography with their specific radionuclides have been extensively used for a thorough assessment of TB.

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