Effect of Ply Orientation on Strength and Failure Mode of Pin Jointed Unidirectional Glass-epoxy Nanoclay Laminates

2015 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manjeet Singh ◽  
H. Bhunia ◽  
J. S. Saini
Keyword(s):  
Failure Mode ◽  
Composite Laminates ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Epoxy Composite ◽  
Free Edge ◽  
Bearing Strength ◽  
Failure Theory ◽  
Unidirectional Glass ◽  
Curve Method ◽  
Ply Orientation

In the present work the effect of the different ply orientations and nano filler on the bearing strength and failure mode of the pin joints is investigated both experimentally and numerically. Glass-epoxy composite laminates were prepared with [0°/45°/90°], [0°/45°/0°] and [0°/90°/0°] ply orientations. Nanoclay filler with 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5wt% were added in the epoxy for the said orientations to prepare the pin joints. Results show that the strength of the pin joints is drastically dependent on both ply orientations and nanofiller wt%. The joint geometry i.e., the distance from the free edge of specimen to the diameter of the hole (E/D) ratio and width of the specimen to the diameter of the holes (W/D) ratio were also investigated which effected the failure mode of the joints. Tsai-Wu failure theory along with the characteristics curve method was used for the prediction of failure modes numerically.

To study the contribution of different geometric parameters on the failure load for multi holes pin joints prepared from glass/epoxy nanoclay laminates

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (5) ◽  
pp. 629-644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manjeet Singh ◽  
JS Saini ◽  
H Bhunia
Keyword(s):  
Taguchi Method ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Failure Load ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Free Edge ◽  
Failure Criteria ◽  
Geometric Parameters ◽  
Unidirectional Glass ◽  
Curve Method ◽  
Parameters Analysis

The present work aims to analyze the strength and failure modes for the multi holes pin joint configurations made from unidirectional glass/epoxy nanoclay laminates. The geometric parameters, i.e. the distance from the free edge of the specimen to the diameter of the first two holes (E/D) ratio, the distance between two holes along the length of the specimen to the diameter of the hole (F/D) ratio, the distance between the two holes along the width of the specimen to the diameter of the hole (P/D) ratio and side width to diameter (S/D) ratio were studied for their effect on strength and failure modes of the joint. Design of experiment with Taguchi method was used for the optimization of different geometric parameters. Analysis of variance was applied to determine the influence of individual geometric parameter on the strength of the joint. The results demonstrate that the E/D and F/D ratios are the most significant parameters to increase the strength of multi holes pin joint configurations. Their percentage contributions were about 62% to 65% and 23% to 26%, respectively. Thereafter, the characteristic curve method along with Tsai–Wu failure criteria was applied to compare the numerical and experimental predictions.

scholarly journals Experimental Characterization of An E-Glass/Epoxy Composite Plate in Pin-Loaded Joints

2007 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 096369350701600
Author(s):  
Yeliz Pekbey
Keyword(s):  
Failure Mode ◽  
Composite Plate ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Epoxy Composite ◽  
Width Ratio ◽  
Tension Stress ◽  
Bearing Failure ◽  
Experimental Characterization ◽  
Bearing Strength ◽  
Edge Distance

Because of increased use of composites, understanding the failure behaviour of composites is important for effective structural designs. In this study, an experimental investigation was carried out to study the behaviour of pin connected E-GLASS/EPOXY composite joints under static loading conditions. Several specimens were fabricated by varying width and hole-to-edge distance and tested in pin bearing. Details of the test-setup were given and the joint configurations were used in a series of 75 such tests on single bolt joints. The results of this study were presented as experimental characterization. The effects of geometric parameters such as ratio between end distance-hole diameter (E/D) and width ratio (W/D) were evaluated. Three failure modes were observed, net-tension, bearing and shear-out failure at the bolt, depending on the geometry adopted. Under single bolt-bearing conditions, the load-displacement curve labelled for E-GLASS/EPOXY composite with [0/90/45/-45/-45/45/90/0] stacking sequence. In addition, bearing strength, shearing and net-tension stress at failure data were presented as functions of the geometric ratios. The results provided useful information for the structural design with this material against joint failures. From the experimental results obtained, it was concluded that the edge distance ratio (E/D) of the specimen strongly affected the bearing strength of composites. In addition, width ratio (W/D) remarkably affected the failure mode. Bearing failure occurred if (E/D) and (W/D) were large enough. Bearing failure mode was thought as the desirable mode since it generally gave a higher strength and failure was less brittle. Net-tension and shear-out failure modes were catastrophic and not progressive. Therefore, the geometry of the composite plate in pin-loaded joints was designed to undergo bearing failure only.

scholarly journals Enhancement of Mechanical Properties of Flax-Epoxy Composite with Carbon Fibre Hybridisation for Lightweight Applications

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hom Nath Dhakal ◽  
Mohini Sain
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fibre ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Composite Laminates ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Epoxy Composite ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Flax Fibre

The effect of unidirectional (UD) carbon fibre hybridisation on the tensile properties of flax fibre epoxy composite was investigated. Composites containing different fibre ply orientations were fabricated using vacuum infusion with a symmetrical ply structure of 0/+45/−45/90/90/−45/+45/0. Tensile tests were performed to characterise the tensile performance of plain flax/epoxy, carbon/flax/epoxy, and plain carbon/epoxy composite laminates. The experimental results showed that the carbon/flax fibre hybrid system exhibited significantly improved tensile properties over plain flax fibre composites, increasing the tensile strength from 68.12 MPa for plain flax/epoxy composite to 517.66 MPa (670% increase) and tensile modulus from 4.67 GPa for flax/epoxy to 18.91 GPa (305% increase) for carbon/flax hybrid composite. The failure mechanism was characterised by examining the fractured surfaces of tensile tested specimens using environmental scanning electron microscopy (E-SEM). It was evidenced that interactions between hybrid ply interfaces and strain to failure of the reinforcing fibres were the critical factors for governing tensile properties and failure modes of hybrid composites.

scholarly journals Failure Strength of E-Glass/Epoxy Composite Pinned Joints: Effect of Geometry, Clamping Torque and Laminate Orientation

2007 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 096369350701600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yeliz Pekbey
Keyword(s):  
Composite Plate ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Failure Load ◽  
Epoxy Composite ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Failure Behavior ◽  
Displacement Curve ◽  
Failure Strength ◽  
Bearing Strength ◽  
Specimen Width

The experimental investigations described in this paper were conducted in order to study the strength and failure behavior of composite plate with pin-loaded conditions. The main objective of the present paper was to investigate the influence of certain factors on the strength of the pin-loaded in E-GLASS/EPOXY composite plate with different orientations such as [0/90/±30]s and [0/90/±60]s. These factors included the preload moment (M=0, 2 Nm), the ratio of the edge distance to the pin diameter ( E/ D), and the ratio of the specimen width to the pin diameter ( W/ D). The mechanical properties and failure strengths of E-GLASS/EPOXY composite were obtained with experimental measurements. Based on experiments, the effects of laminate orientation, and preload moment on joint strengths were systematically investigated. In addition, geometrical configurations of specimens were suitably varied in order to observe all possible failure modes. A total of 150 different pin-loaded composite plate specimens were tested under static loading conditions. The specimen tested exhibited different failure modes, consisting of bearing, net-tension and shear-out, depending on the geometry adopted. Guidelines for effective laminate orientations, geometrical configurations and preload moment for mechanically pin connected E-GLASS/EPOXY composite plate were specified based on ultimate bearing strength. From the experiments, it was also found that glass-epoxy with [0/90/±30]s yielded the highest bearing strengths. Bearing strengths reached when E/D and W/D ratios were equal or greater than 4 both [0/90/±30]s and [0/90/±60]s orientations. Besides, the experimental results showed that the load-displacement curve of specimen with M=0, had the lowest the failure strength. M=2Nm preload moment, had the maximum failure load.

scholarly journals Study on Mechanical Bearing Strength and Failure Modes of Composite Materials for Marine Structures

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 726
Author(s):  
Dong-Uk Kim ◽  
Hyoung-Seock Seo ◽  
Ho-Yun Jang
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Failure Mode ◽  
Composite Structures ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Offshore Structures ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Bearing Strength ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Plastic ◽  
Reinforced Plastic ◽  
Mechanically Fastened

With the gradual application of composite materials to ships and offshore structures, the structural strength of composites that can replace steel should be explored. In this study, the mechanical bearing strength and failure modes of a composite-to-metal joining structure connected by mechanically fastened joints were experimentally analyzed. The effects of the fiber tensile strength and stress concentration on the static bearing strength and failure modes of the composite structures were investigated. For the experiment, quasi-isotropic [45°/0°/–45°/90°]2S carbon fiber-reinforced plastic (CFRP) and glass fiber-reinforced plastic (GFRP) specimens were prepared with hole diameters of 5, 6, 8, and 10 mm. The experimental results showed that the average static bearing strength of the CFRP specimen was 30% or higher than that of the GFRP specimen. In terms of the failure mode of the mechanically fastened joint, a cleavage failure mode was observed in the GFRP specimen for hole diameters of 5 mm and 6 mm, whereas a net-tension failure mode was observed for hole diameters of 8 mm and 10 mm. Bearing failure occurred in the CFRP specimens.

scholarly journals Comparative Investigation on the Failure Modes of Natural Kenaf/Epoxy Reinforced Composite Hexagonal Tubes

2016 ◽  
Vol 709 ◽  
pp. 7-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.F.M. Alkbir ◽  
S.M. Sapuan ◽  
A.A. Nuraini ◽  
Mohamad Ridzwan Ishak
Keyword(s):  
Failure Mode ◽  
Transverse Crack ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Epoxy Composite ◽  
Local Buckling ◽  
Comparative Investigation ◽  
Composite Tubes ◽  
Reinforced Composite ◽  
Buckling Failure ◽  
Mode Response

This study aims to investigate failure mode response of woven natural kenaf/epoxy composite hexagonal tubes subjected to an axial and lateral quasi-static crushing test. The hexagonal composite tubes were prepared by the hand lay-up technique using a variety of hexagonal angles 40ο, 50 ο, and 60 ο. The result showed that hexagonal composite tubes under an axial compression test exhibited few failure modes such as, the transverse crack failure mode . Splaying failure mode and local buckling failure mode respectively, whereas the tubes under lateral test only exhibited longitudinal fracture.

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