Insects and Related Terrestrial Invertebrates of Ellef Ringnes Island

ARCTIC ◽  
1965 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 73 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.F. McAlpine
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Continental Shelf ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Source Area ◽  
Stages Of Development ◽  
Terrestrial Invertebrates ◽  
Arthropod Species ◽  
Dicrostonyx Groenlandicus ◽  
Arthropod Fauna ◽  
Entire Island

Reports results of collecting and observing arthropod fauna over a 25-day period in July-Aug. 1960 at the Polar Continental Shelf Project base at Isachsen, where the summers are unusually cold. Some 75 species are believed present in an environment closely approaching the limits of biotic tolerance, and detailed descriptions are given of most of these (Latin names), with their characteristic habitats and global distributions. They include spiders, mites, springtails and insects, particularly midges. The view is elaborated that only those species able to withstand frequent interruptions of development in various stages and a life cycle extending over several years are able to survive. Specimens at all stages of development were found simultaneously. Other adaptations to extremely severe environmental conditions were mentioned. The role occupied by the lemming Dicrostonyx groenlandicus is described, as the habits of a third of the arthropod species are linked with it. The very low flying habits of some species are noted. The age of the entire island biota is placed within the last 200 years, and the source area considered to be the islands to the east, principally Axel Heiberg, the means of dispersal being wind, ice rafts, mammals and birds.

scholarly journals Phenology of Promestosoma boggianii (Diplopoda: Polydesmida: Paradoxosomatidae) in a Neotropical floodplain

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorhaine Santos Silva ◽  
Tamaris Gimenez Pinheiro ◽  
Marinêz Isaac Marques ◽  
Leandro Dênis Battirola
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Habitat Type ◽  
High Water ◽  
Extreme Conditions ◽  
Pitfall Traps ◽  
Stages Of Development ◽  
Seasonal Flood ◽  
Neotropical Floodplain ◽  
Hydrological Cycles

Studies that address biodiversity and its supporting mechanisms in different ecosystems are fundamental to understanding the relationships between species and the prevailing environmental conditions within each habitat type. This study presents information on the phenology of Promestosomaboggianii (Silvestri, 1898) and its association with seasonal flood and dry events in a floodplain of Mato Grosso’s northern Pantanal region, Brazil. Sampling was carried out in three areas located between the Bento Gomes and Cuiabá rivers, on the Porto Cercado Road, Poconé-MT. Each sample area was composed of two treatments: (I) floodable habitats and (NI) non-floodable habitats. Three quadrats (10 x 10 m) were established within each treatment, with sampling carried out using pitfall traps and mini-Winkler extractors during the dry season, rising water, high water and receding water phases for the duration of two hydrological cycles within the Pantanal (2010/2011 and 2011/2012). A total of 295 P.boggianii individuals were sampled at different stages of development (except stages I and II), distributed between the rising water (209 ind., 70.8%), dry (76 ind., 25.8%) and receding water (10 ind., 3.4%) seasons. No specimens were sampled during the high water season. The higher abundances recorded between the dry and rising water seasons, primarily at early stages of development, indicate that P.boggianii is characterized as a univoltine species in these habitats. The data demonstrate that individuals of P.boggianii were more abundant in floodable habitats. In addition, the results show that the life cycle of this diplopod is sinchronized to the seasonal nature of this floodable environment, as a strategy to survive the extreme conditions of terrestrial and aquatic phases Brazil’s northern Pantanal region.

scholarly journals 3 Tackling Demolition Waste – An en route to Sustainable Development

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Nadia Qamar ◽  
Ayesha Alam Khurram
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Material Flow ◽  
Flow Analysis ◽  
Material Flow Analysis ◽  
Construction And Demolition Waste ◽  
Water Tank ◽  
Demolition Waste

In Pakistan, construction and demolition waste(CDW) is generated in voluminous amount each year. CDW iswidely ill-handled and ultimately fed to landfills causing harm tothe already alarming environmental conditions. In order tosearch for the solution of this drastic matter, a study was done,which is explained in this paper. This paper presents the studydone at a demolition site near Karachi, in Sindh while thedemolition works were being carried out. At the site there wereold barracks which were being demolished. Before the demolitionworks were commenced, the site was surveyed and structuralcomponents of the barracks were counted and their dimensionswere measured. When the demolition was over, the demolishedwaste was calculated which comprised of concrete and masonryrubble, steel round bars, steel doors, steel windows, steel ceiling,steel girders, steel main gate, and plastic water tank. This studyinterpreted that construction and demolition (C&D) works wereprogressing considering the works’ deadline and the clients’requirements but the ecosystem’s ecology and the environmentalhealth were not taken into account. Recommendations are madeto handle CDW properly throughout its lifecycle. Theserecommendations aim to provide technological and logicalsolutions to grip CDW. The recommendations include wastereduction and reusing waste, life cycle assessment and costing,environmental and economic impact, material flow analysis, andadvanced computerized-tools.

Sensitivity cycling and its ecological role in seeds with physical dormancy

2009 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.M.G. Gehan Jayasuriya ◽  
Jerry M. Baskin ◽  
Carol C. Baskin
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Common Phenomenon ◽  
Ecological Role ◽  
Dormancy Breaking ◽  
Physical Dormancy ◽  
Physiological Dormancy ◽  
Seed Coats

AbstractCycling of physically dormant (PY) seeds between states insensitive and sensitive to dormancy-breaking factors in the environment has recently been demonstrated inFabaceaeandConvolvulaceae, and it may be a common phenomenon in seeds with water-impermeable seed coats. In contrast to seeds of many species with physiological dormancy (PD), those with PY cannot cycle between dormancy and non-dormancy (ND). In this paper, we evaluate the role of sensitivity cycling in controlling the timing of germination of seeds with PY in nature, and show that sensitivity cycling in seeds with PY serves the same ecological role as dormancy cycling in seeds with PD. Thus, sensitivity cycling in seeds with PY ensures that germination in nature occurs only at (a) time(s) of the year when environmental conditions for growth are, and are likely to remain, suitable long enough for the plant to complete its life cycle or to form a perennating structure. Further, we describe the experimental procedures necessary to determine whether sensitivity cycling is occurring, and discuss briefly the possible relevance of sensitivity cycling to dormancy classification.

STUDIES ON THE ARTHROPOD FAUNA OF ALFALFA: II. ARTHROPOD–FUNGUS ASSOCIATIONS

1972 ◽  
Vol 104 (9) ◽  
pp. 1405-1412
Author(s):  
A. G. Wheeler
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
Arthropod Species ◽  
Late Fall ◽  
Medicago Saliva ◽  
Arthropod Fauna

AbstractObservations were made during 1967 to 1969 at Ithaca, N.Y., supplemented by collections at New Cumberland and Carlisle, Pa., on arthropods associated with fungi occurring on alfalfa, Medicago saliva L. Five species of Coleoptera, two species of Diptera, one species each of Collembola and Psocoptera, and nine species of Acari were reared or collected consistently from fungus-covered alfalfa leaves, stems, and seed pods. Attraction to fungi on the plants, principally Alternaria sp., accounted for the presence on alfalfa of arthropod species that normally might be considered as accidentals or visitors. The mycetophagous species thus contributed to the richness of the alfalfa fauna. Immature stages of several species were collected only in late fall or on 3- or 4-year-old plants. The possible role of the fungus-feeding species in seasonal changes in the alfalfa fauna and changes in the fauna in successive years is discussed.

scholarly journals Amblyomma nodosum (Neumann, 1899): observations on life cycle under laboratory conditions

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 357-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele da Costa Pinheiro ◽  
Elizabete Captivo Lourenço ◽  
Iwine Joyce Barbosa de Sá-Hungaro ◽  
Kátia Maria Famadas
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Oryctolagus Cuniculus ◽  
Adult Stage ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Natural Hosts

The natural hosts of Amblyomma nodosum in the immature stages are a variety of birds and the anteater in the adult stage. However, so far no data have been published about this tick’s life cycle. To fill this gap, a record was made of its development under laboratory conditions. All the procedures were controlled in a BOD chamber set at 27±1 °C and 80±10% relative humidity and scotophase. The parasitic stages were raised on rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus Linnaeus, 1758), from which more than 50% of larvae and nymphs were recovered, although only a small portion performed ecdysis. The adults did not fixed on the rabbits, which suggests that the experimental conditions were unsuitable for the requirements of this species. The data obtained here indicate that A. nodosum is highly dependent on its host and environment whereas under laboratory conditions and host chosen for the study was not obtained satisfactory results and new studies with different hosts and new environmental conditions should be elaborated.

On the life cycle of Hymenolepis evaginata Barker and Andrews, 1915 (Cestoda: Cyclophyllidea), a parasite of muskrats, Ondatra zibethica (L., 1766)

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 502-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. A. Greaves ◽  
L. Jarecka ◽  
M. D. B. Burt
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
New Brunswick ◽  
Intermediate Host ◽  
Aquatic Birds ◽  
Terrestrial Invertebrates ◽  
Terrestrial Mammals ◽  
Full Development

Between October 2, 1985, and November 16, 1986, 129 muskrats, Ondatra zibethica were collected in New Brunswick and examined for parasites. Forty-one of the muskrats harboured the the cestode Hymenolepis evaginata in the small intestine, with infections ranging from 1-10 worms per host. To determine the intermediate host of H. evaginata, a number of aquatic and terrestrial invertebrates were exposed to oncospheres in the laboratory. Full development of a tailed cysticercoid only occurred in the ostracod Cyclocypris laevis. The cysticercoid undergoes typical protocepyhalic development in this micro-crustacean. This characteristic, regarded as primitive, occurs in hymenolepidids found in aquatic birds. It appears that although this cestode is commonly found in mammals, it is more closely related to aquatic avian hymenolepidids than to those found in terrestrial mammals.

Timing and synchrony of births in bighorn sheep: implications for reintroduction and conservation

2012 ◽  
Vol 39 (7) ◽  
pp. 565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jericho C. Whiting ◽  
Daniel D. Olson ◽  
Justin M. Shannon ◽  
R. Terry Bowyer ◽  
Robert W. Klaver ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Release Site ◽  
Source Area ◽  
Bighorn Sheep ◽  
Basin And Range ◽  
Central Basin ◽  
Uinta Mountains ◽  
Life History Characteristics ◽  
Normalised Difference Vegetation Index

Context Timing (mean birthdate) and synchrony (variance around that date) of births can influence survival of young and growth in ungulate populations. Some restored populations of ungulates may not adjust these life-history characteristics to environments of release sites until several years after release, which may influence success of reintroductions. Aims We quantified timing and synchrony of births from 2005 to 2007 in four populations of reintroduced bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis) occupying two ecoregions (Central Basin and Range and Wasatch and Uinta Mountains) in Utah, USA, to investigate whether bighorns would adjust these life-history characteristics to environmental conditions of the two ecoregions. We also compared timing and synchrony of births for bighorns in their source herd (Antelope Island) with bighorns in an ecologically similar release site (Stansbury Mountains) during 2006 and 2007. Methods We relocated female bighorns to record birthdates of young, and observed groups of collared bighorns to quantify use of elevation by those ungulates. We also calculated the initiation, rate and timing of peak green-up by ecoregion, using the normalised difference vegetation index. Key results We quantified 274 birthdates, and although only separated by 57 km, bighorn populations occupying the Central Basin and Range Mountains gave birth an average of 29 days earlier than did those on the Wasatch and Uinta Mountains, which corresponded with the initiation of vegetation green-up. Additionally, bighorn sheep on the Stansbury Mountains (ecologically similar release site) gave birth at similar times as did bighorns on Antelope Island (source area). Conclusions Populations of bighorn sheep that were reintroduced into adjacent ecoregions adjusted timing of births to environments and green-up of vegetation in restoration areas. Timing and synchrony of births for reintroduced bighorn sheep in an ecologically similar release site were the same as those of their source area. Implications Consideration should be given to the adjustment of timing and synchrony of births when reintroducing bighorns, especially when animals are released into different ecoregions. Also, biologists should select release sites that are ecologically similar to source areas, thereby reducing potential negative effects of animals adjusting timing and synchrony of births to environmental conditions of restoration areas.

scholarly journals Analysis of Innovation based on Technometric Model to Predict Technology Life Cycle in Indonesian SME

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (01) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Augustina Asih Rumanti ◽  
Vania Hadisurya
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Product Development ◽  
Product Life Cycle ◽  
Stages Of Development ◽  
Product Life ◽  
Development Stages ◽  
Medium Level ◽  
Technology Life Cycle

Forecasting technology is one way that can be used to predict product life cycle. Product life cycle is very important to know, especially by organizations, that are in small medium level, like SME. This research will be conducted in SME Surya Usaha Mandiri, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta.Forecasting product life cycle that has been done, will direct this research toward the stage of product development. Stages of development of the products are a necessary stage for an organization, especially in SME, to innovate the product. The purpose of this research is to propose the development of products, such as the stages of innovation that can be done in SME Surya Usaha Mandiri, forecasting conducted based on life cycle assessment of products and technology components using technometric model. The results of this research are proposed innovation based forecasting and product life cycle assessment in SME Surya Usaha Mandiri using technometric model.

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