DEVELOPMENT OF NEW METHODS FOR DETECTION OF LEAKS OF HYDROCARBON GAS

2019 ◽  
pp. 60-64
Author(s):  
R. A. Eminov ◽  
N. Z. Mursalov
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Hydrocarbon Gases ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Gas Leak ◽  
Hydrocarbon Gas ◽  
Remote Determination ◽  
A Site ◽  
Gas Leaks

The paper is devoted to development of new methods for detection of leaks of hydrocarbon gas. It is determined that the wellknown fact on inverse interrelation of concentration of oxygen and such gases as N2 and CH4 can be used for remote determination of leaks of hydrocarbon gases. The gradient method for detection of leaks of natural gas composed of determination of two directions with minimum value of gradient of concentration of O2 in two fixed points and characterization of the point of crossing of them as a site of leak is suggested. The method of circles for detection of natural gases leaks site providing for determination of three points in supposed zone of leak and drawing up the circles around these points with growing radius with defined regularity is suggested. The point of crossing of all circles in some cycle of radiuses increase is presented as the gas leaks site. The carried out experimental researches held in various amounts of wind speed shown that when the wind speed surpass the fixed value location of gas leak site would be impossible due to effect of wind on spatial distribution and concentration of natural gas. Thus the proposed method is not designated for cases when a heavy wind occurs.

scholarly journals ON NEW APPROACH TO DETERMINING HEAT-PRODUCING OF NATURAL GAS SUPPLIED TO CONSUMERS AND ITS CUBIC METROBAROMETRY

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (179) ◽  
pp. 84-89
Author(s):  
Yosyp SVOREN
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Hydrocarbon Gases ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Final Heat ◽  
Natural Gases ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The Way

It is shown that with the change in pressure and temperature of natural gases in storages gas-holders, different installations one can separate water in necessary concentration from hydrates of hydrocarbon gases in their composition that forms its increased admixture in pipes and in the long run it influences the final heat-producing of the fuel. New approach was proposed as to the determing of heat-producing of natural gas supplied to consumers by the way of substantiation of the necessity to introduce such a unit as cubic metrobar (m3 bar). This would be conductive to determination of the correlation between heat-producing of produced natural gas and gas supplied to consumers, that is to say, determination of quality of consumed gas.

Comparison of isotopic compositions of hydrocarbon gas in shallow groundwater and a deep oil and natural gas reservoir in southeastern New Brunswick, Canada

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
pp. 207-229
Author(s):  
Diana B. Loomer ◽  
Kerry T.B. MacQuarrie ◽  
Tom A. Al
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
New Brunswick ◽  
Shallow Groundwater ◽  
Isotopic Signature ◽  
Oil Field ◽  
Hydrocarbon Gases ◽  
Gas Field ◽  
Isotopic Analyses ◽  
Oil And Natural Gas ◽  
Hydrocarbon Gas

Isotopic analyses of natural gas from the Stoney Creek oil field in New Brunswick indicate carbon (δ13C) and hydrogen (δ2H) values in methane (C1) of -42.4 ± 0.7‰ VPDB and -220.9 ± 3.2‰ VSMOW, respectively. Isotopic data and a gas molecular ratio of 12 ± 1 indicate a wet thermogenic gas formed with oil near the onset of the oil-gas transition zone. The isotopic profiles of the C1–C5 hydrocarbon gases are consistent with kinetic isotope effect models. The Albert Formation of the Horton Group hosts the Stoney Creek oil field (SCOF) and the McCully gas field (MCGF) the only other gas-producing field in the province. Both are thermogenic in origin; however, the SCOF gas has a lower thermal maturity than the MCGS. Hydrocarbon gas composition in shallow aquifers across southeastern New Brunswick was also evaluated. Gas source interpretations based on δ13C and δ2H values are uncertain; oxidation and biogenic overprinting are common and complicate interpretation. The effect of oxidation on δ13C and δ2H values was apparent when C1 concentrations were ≤1 mg/L. In some samples with C1 concentrations >5 mg/L, isotopic discrimination methods point to a biogenic origin. However, the molecular ratios <75 and the presence of >C3 fractions, indicate a thermogenic origin. This suggests a thermogenic isotopic signature has been overprinted by biological activity.

RealSens™: An Advanced Passive Airborne Natural Gas Leak Detection Technology

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Banica ◽  
Chris K. Sheard ◽  
Boyd T. Tolton
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Infrared Band ◽  
Underground Pipelines ◽  
Detection Technology ◽  
Gas Leak ◽  
Gas Leaks ◽  
Transmission And Distribution

Detecting natural gas leaks from the worlds nearly 5 million kilometers of underground pipelines is a difficult and costly challenge. Existing technologies are limited to ground deployment and have a number of limitations such as slow response, false leak readings and high costs. Various remote sensing solutions have been proposed in the past and a few are currently being developed. This paper starts by describing the remote sensing concept and then will focus on a new technology developed by Synodon scientists. This airborne instrument is a passive Gas Filter Correlation Radiometer (GFCR) that is tuned to measure ethane in the 3.3 microns near-infrared band. With its target natural gas column sensitivity of 50 μm, the instrument is capable of detecting very small leaks in the range of 5–10 cuft/hr in winds that exceed 6 miles/hr. The paper concludes with a description of the service which Synodon will be offering to the transmission and distribution pipeline operators using the new technology.

Results of Field Trials of Realsens™, An Airborne Natural Gas Leak Detection Technology

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Banica ◽  
Doug Miller ◽  
Boyd T. Tolton
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Infrared Band ◽  
Detection Technology ◽  
Gas Leak ◽  
Gas Leaks

Detecting natural gas leaks from the worlds nearly 5 million kilometers of underground pipelines is a difficult and costly challenge. Existing technologies are limited to ground deployment and have a number of limitations such as slow response, false leak readings and high costs. Various remote sensing solutions have been proposed in the past and a few are currently being developed. This paper starts by describing the remote sensing concept and then will focus on a new technology developed by Synodon scientists. This airborne instrument is a passive Gas Filter Correlation Radiometer (GFCR) that is tuned to measure ethane in the 3.3 microns near-infrared band. The paper will then present the results of the first airborne field tests and conclude with a description of the service which Synodon will be offering to the transmission and distribution pipeline operators using the new technology.

scholarly journals Identification of Hydrocarbon Gas and Discriminate CO2 Using Lame Parameter and Batzle-Wang Model

2019 ◽  
Vol 125 ◽  
pp. 15003
Author(s):  
Alvian Yogi Pamungkas ◽  
Mohammad Syamsu Rosid ◽  
Mochammad Wahdanadi Haidar
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Saturated Hydrocarbon ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Hydrocarbon Gases ◽  
Co2 Gas ◽  
Fluid Content ◽  
Success Ratio ◽  
Hydrocarbon Fluid ◽  
Gas Identification ◽  
Hydrocarbon Gas

Drilling activities in 2016 were carried out at 34 points with only achieving a success ratio of 26%. It affects the decreasing in natural gas reserves. In addition, the presence of CO2 raises problems during production and environmental problems. So, it is necessary to identify hydrocarbon gas and to discriminate CO2. The method used for gas identification is the Lame parameter where the parameters can distinguish the effects caused by lithology and fluid. The Batzle-Wang model is applied to distinguish between hydrocarbon gases and CO2 gas by estimating the fluid’s properties of CO2 gas. Based on the analysis of result the parameters Lambda-Rho and Mu-Rho, both parameters can distinguish the lithology and identify the hydrocarbon fluid content. The area around the C4 is indicated hydrocarbon in 9930 - 10000 ft depth with Lambda-Rho 30 – 31.79 GPa*g/cc and Mu-Rho 27 – 43 GPa*g/cc. Based on the Batzle-Wang Vp analysis, saturated CO2 gas is vulnerable at 16000-17000 ft/s where it is still in range Vp saturated hydrocarbon gas and distributed around the C4 well based on LMR analysis.

Assessment of Gas Leak Detection Techniques in Natural Gas Infrastructure: A Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dulu Appah ◽  
Victor Aimikhe ◽  
Wilfred Okologume
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Leak Detection ◽  
Analytical Models ◽  
Detection Techniques ◽  
Gas Leakage ◽  
Gas Leak ◽  
Operational Activities ◽  
Gas Leaks

Abstract The undetected gas leak, also referred to as fugitive gas emissions, are produced from natural gas infrastructure during operational activities. If not monitored, this undetected gas leakage can lead to undesirable economic loss of natural gas from installed infrastructures and are often accompanied by toxic air pollutants that typically pose safety and public health concerns. The efficient quantification of gas leaks from natural gas infrastructure value chain is still largely inadequate. Several studies have repeatedly opined that the actual rate of leaks from natural gas infrastructure is often higher than the documented estimates. The latter is largely dependent on assumptions that rely on inadequate data. This study reviewed most of the existing methods implemented to detect and quantify gas leaks in natural gas infrastructure by assessing the techniques based on the amount of leak detected compared to the amount of gas produced from such facilities. The study illustrates both the problem of methane leakage and the opportunities for instantaneous reduction from natural gas transmission facilities. Furthermore, this review provides a detailed account of the various analytical models and instrumentation-based research performed to identify and quantify gas leak detection. The study opined that the uncertainties associated with efficient quantification of natural gas leak rates demonstrate the need for innovative approaches or processes to identify and quantify leak rates from natural gas infrastructure.

Impact of the Aliso Canyon Gas Leak on Respiratory-Related Conditions Among US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Users

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (03) ◽  
pp. 419-423
Author(s):  
Lilia R. Lukowsky ◽  
Claudia Der-Martirosian ◽  
Alicia R. Gable ◽  
Aram Dobalian
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Veterans Affairs ◽  
Department Of Veterans Affairs ◽  
Outpatient Visits ◽  
Gas Leak ◽  
San Fernando ◽  
One Year ◽  
Gas Leaks ◽  
Respiratory Exacerbations ◽  
States History

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe largest gas leak in United States history occurred October 2015 through February 2016 near Porter Ranch (PR), California, and prompted the temporary relocation of nearby residents because of health concerns related to natural gas exposure.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted using US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) administrative and clinical data. On the basis of zip codes, we created two groups: PR (1920 patients) and San Fernando Valley (SFV) (15 260 patients) and examined the proportion of outpatient visits to VA providers with respiratory-related diagnoses between October 2014 and September 2017.ResultsWe observed an increase in the proportion of visits in the PR group during the leak (7.0% vs 6.1%, P&lt;0.005) and immediately after the leak (7.7% vs 5.3%, P&lt;0.0001). For both groups, we observed a decrease in respiratory diagnoses one year after the leak (7.0% to 5.9%, P&lt;0.05 PR; 6.1% to 5.7%, P&lt;0.01 SFV).ConclusionExposure to natural gas likely led to the observed increase in respiratory-related diagnoses during and after the PR gas leak. Early relocation following natural gas leaks may mitigate respiratory exacerbations. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2019;13:419-423)

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF WATER-BEARING STRATA COLLECTIVE PROPERTIES CHANGE AT THE STORAGE OF GASEOUS HYDROCARBONS

2018 ◽  
pp. 80-86
Author(s):  
O. Inkin
Keyword(s):  
Geological Structure ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Absolute Permeability ◽  
Surface Zone ◽  
Hydrocarbon Gases ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Gaseous Hydrocarbons ◽  
A Site ◽  
Filtration Properties

The current economic and energy situation in industrial regions of Ukraine, along with need to address the problems of importing and developing its own natural gas deposits, predetermines the need to establish the suitability and search for aquiferous geological structures for accumulation of seasonal reserves of gaseous hydrocarbons. Based on the analysis of geological-structural and hydro-geodynamic conditions, West Donbass was divided into districts and Leventsovskaya geological structure was chosen, in a section of which the Permian-Triassic aquifer is located. Dedicated reservoir is represented by greenish-gray, quartz-feldspar coarse-grained sandstones with interlayers of strongly kaolinized sands and comparatively homogeneous in physico-mechanical properties and granulometric composition. The waters contained in it are characterized by an increased mineralization, high rigidity and are completely unsuitable for domestic and technical purposes. Interpretation of data from the experimental filtration works performed on a site, carried out on a basis of adequate hydrogeological and technological schematization, analytical calculations and graphoanalytical method, showed that the coefficients of filtration and piezoconductivity of an aquifer vary, respectively, from 1.51 to 3.66 m/day and 4.5 to 9.1·106 m2/day. The calculated values of filtration parameters allow considering this reservoir as promising water-bearing gas storage and can be used to determine its capacitive characteristics. To assess the degree of influence of accumulated gas on filtration properties of the dedicated reservoir and the hermeticity of the assumed storage, a series of special laboratory experiments was conducted, based on a reproduction of a long-term contact of gaseous hydrocarbons with samples of water-bearing rocks under pressure and periodic determination of their permeability in a TriSCAN stability meter. The studies have established a significant (15-20%) increase in absolute permeability of an aquifer and underlying rocks when hydrocarbon gases are stored within. It is shown that the destructive changes of a rock matrix caused by aggressive gas impact occur in a near-surface zone with a thickness of several millimeters and will not create a threat of depressurization of the storage during a designed period of operation.

Natural Gas : The Least Polluting Of The Fossil Fuels

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael B. McElroy
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Early Application ◽  
Gas Leak ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Mount Parnassus ◽  
A Site ◽  
Oil Company ◽  
The Temple

In terms of emissions from combustion, natural gas, composed mainly of methane (CH4), is the least polluting of the fossil fuels. Per unit of energy produced, CO2 emissions from natural gas are 45.7% lower than those from coal (lignite), 27.5% lower than from diesel, and 25.6% lower than from gasoline. As discussed by Olah et al. (2006), humans have long been aware of the properties of natural gas. Gas leaking out of the ground would frequently catch fire, ignited, for example, by lightning. A leak and a subsequent fire on Mount Parnassus in Greece more than 3,000 years ago prompted the Ancient Greeks to attach mystical properties to the phenomenon— a flame than could burn for a long time without need for an external supply of fuel. They identified the location of this gas leak with the center of the Earth and Universe and built a temple to Apollo to celebrate its unique properties. The temple subsequently became the home for the Oracle of Delphi, celebrated for the prophecies inspired by the temple’s perpetual flame. The first recorded productive use of natural gas was in China, dated at approximately 500 BC. A primitive pipeline constructed using stems of bamboo was deployed to trans¬port gas from its source to a site where it could be used to boil brine to produce both economically valuable salt and potable water. Almost 2,000 years would elapse before natural gas would be tapped for productive use in the West. Gas from a well drilled near Fredonia, New York, was used to provide an energy source for street lighting in 1821. The Fredonia Gas Light Company, formed in 1858, was the first commercial entity established specifically to market natural gas. Joseph Newton Pew, founder of the Sun Oil Company (now Sunoco), established a company in 1883 to deliver natural gas to Pittsburgh, where it was used as a substitute for manufactured coal gas (known also as town gas). Pew later sold his interests in natural gas to J. D. Rockefeller’s Standard Oil. The early application of natural gas was primarily for lighting, not only for streets but also for factories and homes.

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