scholarly journals Optimal inductor design for surface hardening under conditions of interval uncertaity of process parameters

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 139-154
Author(s):  
Anton V. Popov
Keyword(s):  
Surface Hardening ◽  
Parametric Optimization ◽  
Induction Hardening ◽  
Interval Uncertainty ◽  
Exchange Coefficient ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Thermal Exchange ◽  
Alternance Method ◽  
Distributed Parameters ◽  
Design Characteristics

The paper is devoted to the optimal inductor design for surface hardening of steel cylindrical billets. The heating stage of surface induction hardening is considered as an object with distributed parameters, which unknowns are design characteristics of the induction installation. In real industrial conditions the main technological parameters are often defined by the intervals of their possible values. That is why, in the paper the optimal design problem under the conditions of interval uncertainty of initial billets temperature and thermal exchange coefficient is formulated. Solution of the formulated problem is carried out by alternance method of parametric optimization based on numerical model developed in Altair FLUX software.

scholarly journals Influence of Deep Rolling and Induction Hardening on Microstructure Evolution of Crankshaft Sections made from 38MnSiVS5 and 42CrMo4

2021 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 175-194
Author(s):  
A. Fischer ◽  
B. Scholtes ◽  
T. Niendorf
Keyword(s):  
Process Parameters ◽  
Microstructure Evolution ◽  
Surface Hardening ◽  
Qualitative Evaluation ◽  
Induction Hardening ◽  
Deep Rolling ◽  
Automotive Components ◽  
Hardening Treatment ◽  
Steel Grades ◽  
Definition Of

Abstract In order to improve properties of complex automotive components, such as crankshafts, in an application-oriented way, several surface hardening treatments can be applied. Concerning the material performance the definition of adequate process parameters influences the resulting surface properties and, thus, the effectiveness of surface hardening treatments. To analyze most relevant process-microstructure-property relationships, the present paper reports results obtained by two different well-established surface hardening procedures, i. e. deep rolling as a mechanical treatment and induction hardening as a thermal treatment. For each hardening process widely used crankshaft steel grades, i. e. a medium carbon 38MnSiVS5 microalloyed steel and a quenched and tempered 42CrMo4 were selected and thoroughly characterized upon processing, using equal parameter settings. The results reveal that deep rolling in contrast to induction hardening proves to be a less sensitive surface layer treatment with regard to small differences in the initial microstructure, the chemical composition and the applied process parameters. Differences in microstructure evolution with respect to the applied surface hardening treatment are studied and discussed for the highly stressed fillet region of automotive crankshaft sections for all conditions. In this context, high-resolution SEM-based techniques such as EBSD and ECCI are proven to be very effective for fast qualitative evaluation of induced microstructural changes.

Study on Plasma Arc Surface Hardening of Alloy Cast Iron

2012 ◽  
Vol 184-185 ◽  
pp. 1240-1243
Author(s):  
Ya Hui Wang ◽  
Bao Chen Ren ◽  
Ji Hong Yang
Keyword(s):  
Cast Iron ◽  
Surface Hardening ◽  
Technological Parameter ◽  
Orthogonal Test ◽  
Plasma Arc ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Structure Condition ◽  
Surface Quenching ◽  
Alloy Cast Iron ◽  
Alloy Cast

Plasma arc was used as a heat source to make a surface quenching on alloy cast iron, and orthogonal test was used to optimize the surface hardening technological parameter of plasma arc. The influence of the technological parameters on hardness and depth of the hardening layer was analyzed, and the microhardness and the microscopic structure condition after being disposed were also analyzed and discussed.

Heat Treatment

2013 ◽  
pp. 271-324
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Surface Hardening ◽  
Precipitation Hardening ◽  
Temper Embrittlement ◽  
Induction Hardening ◽  
Heat Treatments ◽  
Metals And Alloys ◽  
Continuous Cooling Transformation Diagrams ◽  
Transformation Diagrams ◽  
Carbon System

Abstract This chapter discusses the processes used in manufacturing to thermally alter the properties of metals and alloys. It begins with a review of the iron-carbon system, the factors that affect hardenability, and the use of continuous cooling transformation diagrams. It then explains how various steels respond to heat treatments, such as annealing, normalizing, spheroidizing, tempering, and direct and interrupted quenching, and surface-hardening processes, such as flame and induction hardening, carburizing, nitriding, and carbonitriding. It also addresses the issue of temper embrittlement and discusses the effect of precipitation hardening on aluminum and other alloys.

scholarly journals Mathematical model of thermal processes in a biogas plant

2018 ◽  
Vol 212 ◽  
pp. 01032 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amur Fiapshev ◽  
Olesya Kilchukova ◽  
Yuriy Shekikhachev ◽  
Marat Khamokov ◽  
Luan Khazhmetov
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Biogas Plant ◽  
Thermal Processes ◽  
Livestock Waste ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Entire Volume ◽  
Design Characteristics ◽  
Alternative Sources ◽  
The Given

One of the promising areas of processing poultry and livestock waste is anaerobic digestion, which helps to prevent pollution of the natural environment, as well as to receive processing products such as gaseous fuel, biogas and highly effective biofertilizer. The use of plants for the production of biological gas as alternative sources of energy is largely determined by its design characteristics and the worked out technological regimes. The study was conducted with the aim of obtaining data on the effect of the main parameters of the biogas plant and the heat exchanger-agitator on the quality of its operation. This paper considers the thermal processes taking place in the biogas plant in which the mixing device and the heating element are combined into one unit, which allows heating and maintaining the given temperature regime more evenly due to the rotation of the heat exchanger and the transfer of biomass heat throughout the whole volume of the methane. As a result of theoretical studies of the processes of heat exchange and heat transfer taking place in the biogas plant, a mathematical model has been obtained that allows determining the distribution of the temperature of the biomass throughout the entire volume of the methane. It is established that the theoretical temperature homogeneity of the stirred medium is achieved by combining the heat exchanger and the mixing device into one unit, the design and technological parameters of which characterize the intensity of the forced motion of fermentable manure, while changing the value of thermal conductivity.

Mathematical modeling of induction surface hardening

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 1403-1417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerzy Barglik
Keyword(s):  
Critical Temperature ◽  
Surface Hardening ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Induction Hardening ◽  
Dual Frequency ◽  
Proper Selection ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Induction Surface Hardening ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Upper Critical Temperature

Purpose – As far as the author knows the modeling of induction surface hardening is still a challenge. The purpose of this paper is to present both mathematical models of continuous and simultaneous hardening processes and exemplary results of computations and measurements. The upper critical temperature Ac3 is determined from the Time Temperature Austenization diagram for investigated steel. Design/methodology/approach – Computation of coupled electromagnetic, thermal and hardness fields is based on the finite element methods, while the hardness distribution is determined by means of experimental dependence derived from the continuous cooling temperature diagram for investigated steel. Findings – The presented results may be used as a theoretical background for design of inductor-sprayer systems in continual and simultaneous arrangements and a proper selection of their electromagnetic and thermal parameters. Research limitations/implications – The both models reached a quite good accuracy validated by the experiments. Next work in the field should be aimed at further improvement of numerical models in order to shorten the computation time. Practical implications – The results may be used for designing induction hardening systems and proper selection of field current and cooling parameters. Originality/value – Complete mathematical and numerical models for continuous and simultaneous surface induction hardening including dual frequency induction heating of gear wheels. Experimental validation of achieved results. Taking into account dependence of the upper critical temperature Ac3 on speed of heating.

scholarly journals Evaluation of influence of technological parameters on width of strengthened layer in plasma surface hardening of structural steels

2020 ◽  
Vol 759 ◽  
pp. 012002 ◽  
Author(s):  
A E Balanovsky ◽  
V E Gozbenko ◽  
S K Kargapol’tsev ◽  
A I Karlina ◽  
Yu I Karlina
Keyword(s):  
Surface Hardening ◽  
Structural Steels ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Plasma Surface

scholarly journals Fundamentals of property and compositions management concrete mix and concrete

2021 ◽  
Vol 264 ◽  
pp. 02061
Author(s):  
Bakhridin Khasanov ◽  
Ruzimurot Choriev ◽  
Nikolai Vatin ◽  
Zukhra Ismailova ◽  
Alisher Tillaev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Concrete Mixture ◽  
Normal Density ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Concrete Composition ◽  
Concrete Mix ◽  
Design Characteristics ◽  
The Given

The choice of the concrete composition following the set research tasks must satisfy the following requirements: 1-the maximum achievable strength on the given starting materials; 2-the required formability, corresponding to the accepted vibration-impact-peristaltic pressing; 3-a given level of dehydration of the concrete mixture, providing a residual W/C, close to the normal density of the cement paste. The accepted conditions are necessary and sufficient when using the physical-analytical method of designing concrete composition. Distinctive features of the method are the use of a large amount of information and the absence of arbitrary coefficients, technological constants, or parameters. The necessary data for the assignment of concrete compositions are determined according to the data of preliminary laboratory experiments, the given technological parameters of mechanisms and equipment, and the design characteristics of concrete and the structure to be formed. For the experimental study, a total of six independent information streams of initial data are used: 1-physical and mechanical properties of the constituents of concrete (Rc, ρc, ρc°, [V/C], рс, γ3, ρshch, γsh, γshch°); 2-laboratory data of tests of raw materials in concrete mix and concrete (a, b, c, Ku, A, B); 3-design characteristics of concrete mix and concrete (Rb, F, W, OK, Zh); 4-characteristics of the product to be concreted (V, h, l, μ); 5-technological characteristics of equipment, mechanisms, and devices (th, tb, TO, t0); 6-the cost per unit volume of raw materials (Sc, Cn, Ssh, Se, Sg). Obviously, the listed volume of initial information comprehensively characterizes the materials used and the conditions for forming the product. The previously developed technological conditions for forming concrete pipes, in addition to the above, require, when assigning the composition of concrete, to take into account the observance of the balance of masses in the concrete mixture and compacted, modified concrete. This should be manifested in checking the equation of absolute volumes for the original and compacted (dewatered) concrete.

scholarly journals STRUCTURAL AND PARAMETRIC OPTIMIZATION OF GAS-HYDRODYNAMIC MEASURING TRANSDUCERS OF PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL PARAMETERS OF FLUIDS

2021 ◽  
pp. 23-31
Author(s):  
Ye. P. Pistun ◽  
H. F. Matiko ◽  
H. B. Krykh
Keyword(s):  
Parametric Optimization ◽  
Measuring Transducer ◽  
Optimization Methods ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Mechanical Parameters ◽  
Structural Synthesis ◽  
Optimization Parameters ◽  
Design Characteristics ◽  
Supply Mode ◽  
The Mathematical Model

The article is devoted to improving the methods for building throttle diagrams of gas-hydrodynamic measuring transducers of physical and mechanical parameters of fluids. The authors reviewed modern throttle transducers of various parameters, built on different diagrams, with different numbers and types of throttle elements, with different output signals. We established that the goodness of the measuring transducer is determined both by the structural diagram and the design characteristics of the throttle elements of a specific measuring diagram. The article proposes using structural synthesis with parametric optimization to achieve the specified characteristics of the gas-hydrodynamic transducers. The aim is to develop an effective method for building throttle diagrams of gas-hydrodynamic measuring transducers of physical and mechanical parameters of fluids using structural optimization of diagrams and to evaluate each dia-gram using parametric optimization methods with the appropriate criterion that quantifies the goodness of the measur-ing transducer. To achieve this goal, the authors analyzed the criteria and resources of structural and parametric optimization of gas-hydrodynamic transducers. In particular, the following resources of structural synthesis of measuring transducers’ dia-grams are analyzed: diagram order and throttle arrangement, type of throttles, output signals, supply mode of the transducer. Approaches to parametric optimization of throttle diagrams are offered: based on the mathematical model, one defines the objective function, forms restrictions on variable and fixed values, substantiates optimization parameters, chooses the optimization method. As a result of the research, the authors developed a technique for structural and parametric optimization of gas-hydrodynamic measuring transducers, making it possible to synthesize throttle diagrams and build mathematical models of transducers of specific parameters of the fluid with optimal characteristics.

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