scholarly journals Factors Affecting Apparel Pattern Grading Accuracy: Existing Software Solutions Comparison and Development of New Solution

Tekstilec ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 338-360
Author(s):  
Md. Mazharul Islam ◽  
◽  
Md. Reazuddin Repon ◽  
Md. Shohan Parvez ◽  
Md. Mahbubul Haque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Method ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Pattern Grading ◽  
Approval Time ◽  
Calculation System ◽  
Garment Fit ◽  
Tools And Techniques ◽  
Order Execution ◽  
Bulk Production

Every so often, grading is not 100% accurate due to the conventional system for calculating the grading incre¬ment. The aim of this study was to develop a new calculation system of grading increment provided by different software, e.g. Lectra, Gerber, Optitex, Boke CAD etc., and to develop a new mathematical solution that enhances grading precision. For this experiment, three different spec sheets of different buyers were collected, and then combined and drawn to a solitary sketch for both front and back including all points of measures (POM) for a more easy comparison. The solutions for the presence of diagonal and curve measurements were provided with examples using various tools and techniques of different professional garment CAD software. The benefit of the new approach is not only reduced errors of grading but also guaranteed garment fit without distorting style features. However, the drawbacks of the measurement method are complicated and time-consuming. They revolve around the fact that iterative fitting and adjustments are mandatory to improve the fit before bulk production. The study revealed that this new system slightly increases calculation time, whereas the sample approval time for order execution reduces considerably.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Factors Affecting Apparel Pattern Grading Accuracy: Problems Identification and Recommendations

Tekstilec ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 166-184
Author(s):  
Md. Mazharul Islam ◽  
◽  
Mohammad Abdul Jalil ◽  
Md. Shohan Parvez ◽  
Md. Mahbubul Haque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Apparel Manufacturing ◽  
Traditional Grading ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Varying Parameters ◽  
Pattern Grading ◽  
Grading Systems ◽  
Bulk Production

Grading is an inseparable part of producing multiple sized patterns in clothing production. From the inception of apparel manufacturing, various methods have been developed for precision pattern grading. Nevertheless, most conventional grading systems have some flaws. The objectives of this study were to analyse traditional grading systems, identify the factors responsible for pattern grading deficiencies and finally, recommend suggestions to minimise grading problems related to the use of CAD software. For the experiments, three different measurement sheets of different buyers were collected and combined into a single specification for better comparison. All garment patterns were then drawn and graded with varying parameters. Later on, measurements of graded patterns were analysed for grading accuracy. This study presents the factors responsible for grading deficiencies and how they can be minimised for higher precision grading for the better fitting of clothing and the prevention of garment sample rejection before bulk production.

Factors Affecting Molecular Self-Assembly and Its Mechanism

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hueyling Tan
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Molecular Engineering ◽  
Molecular Structures ◽  
Polymer Science ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Dna Structures ◽  
Self Assembling ◽  
Wide Range

Molecular self-assembly is ubiquitous in nature and has emerged as a new approach to produce new materials in chemistry, engineering, nanotechnology, polymer science and materials. Molecular self-assembly has been attracting increasing interest from the scientific community in recent years due to its importance in understanding biology and a variety of diseases at the molecular level. In the last few years, considerable advances have been made in the use ofpeptides as building blocks to produce biological materials for wide range of applications, including fabricating novel supra-molecular structures and scaffolding for tissue repair. The study ofbiological self-assembly systems represents a significant advancement in molecular engineering and is a rapidly growing scientific and engineering field that crosses the boundaries ofexisting disciplines. Many self-assembling systems are rangefrom bi- andtri-block copolymers to DNA structures as well as simple and complex proteins andpeptides. The ultimate goal is to harness molecular self-assembly such that design andcontrol ofbottom-up processes is achieved thereby enabling exploitation of structures developed at the meso- and macro-scopic scale for the purposes oflife and non-life science applications. Such aspirations can be achievedthrough understanding thefundamental principles behind the selforganisation and self-synthesis processes exhibited by biological systems.

scholarly journals Comparison of three measurement methods of saturated hydraulic condutivity

2006 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 987-1019 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Fallico ◽  
E. Migliari ◽  
S. Troisi
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Measurement Method ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Measurement Methods ◽  
Soil Core ◽  
Statistical Parameters ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Constant Head ◽  
Log Normal

Abstract. After pointing out the importance of the saturated hydraulic conductivity (ks) measurements and the difficulties and uncertainties that are present, and after recalling salient aspects of three well-known measurement methods of this parameter (i.e. constant-head tension infiltrometer (TI) method, constant-head pressure infiltrometer (PI) method and soil core (SC) estimates method), the results of an investigation on data which were obtained during a measurement campaign on an area of 800 m2, on a sandy loam hillslope, located in Southern Italy, were carried out again here. Three sets of values of ks, obtained with these measurement methods, were analyzed statistically, verifying that the log-normal distribution describes these better than the normal one; moreover, the more significant statistical parameters of each set were compared (average value , amplitude A, coefficient of variation CV and standard deviation SD), individualizing the more significant differences. The greatest value of hydraulic conductivity was found with method (PI), while the smallest with (SC) and the intermediate with (TI); these differences were translated into macroporosity and into the influence of the single measurement method. Moreover, referring to the possible factors affecting the results, the importance can be noted of the structure, the texture and the soil events, in terms of utilization, which can affect the measure of ks leading often to very different values even for similar soils, but with a different history, independently of the coincidence of the measurement points and they can be determining to explain the differences affecting the results obtained in analogous investigations by other researchers. Having confirmed that generalization is not possible, the need was emphasized to adopt the necessary devices relating to the specific measurement method, case by case, and to carefully explain the obtained results, in the light of the peculiarities and the limits of each situation. Finally, the results of similar statistical analysis carried out on a greater number of ks values, measured through the (TI) and (PI) methods are shown in this paper, with some statistical considerations on the increasing of the measurements number.

scholarly journals Innovation in education: problems and ways of their solution

2020 ◽  
Vol 210 ◽  
pp. 18054
Author(s):  
Uliana Milhaleva
Keyword(s):  
Education System ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Modern Education ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
Innovation In Education ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Individual

This article analyzes the problems of modern education, and on the basis of this analysis, a search for a new approach to the formation of not only necessary knowledge, but also skills in the learning process is conducted. It will be about contextual, cross-contextual and existential skills, their improvement and transformation. Such skills should be developed in modern educational centers, which, in turn, should become the starting point of an individual educational route. It is the individual approach and new technologies that will help to form a personality adapted to professional activities in a rapidly changing world. The article also classifies the factors affecting the modern education system, they are divided into three main groups: social, technological and geopolitical. This classification, in turn, is used to study the strategies of innovative development of the educational system in Russia.

A New Approach to Supply Chain Performance Measurement

2016 ◽  
pp. 111-128
Author(s):  
Amit Kumar Marwah ◽  
Girish Thakar ◽  
R. C. Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
Performance Measures ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Supply Chain Performance ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Manufacturing Organizations ◽  
Overall Reliability

Existing research work has established that many of today's manufacturing organizations have failed to develop a comprehensive supply chain performance measures. In this chapter, the authors intend to empirically assess the effects of supplier buyer relations and human metrics on supply chain performance in the context of Indian manufacturing organizations. After rigorous literature review, total 18 variables have been identified which are later on reduced in number by factor analysis. As a pilot study, primary data is collected from 100 manufacturing organizations by means of a questionnaire and a scale is developed. On a sample size of 100, the proposed hypotheses are tested by applying two-tailed tests. t-test and factor analysis resulted in 5 factors, 2 related to supplier-buyer relations and 3 related to human metrics. The overall reliability of the scale comes out to be 0.697. The research work provides a new approach to the manufacturing organizations to understand the factors affecting supply chain performance. The present study is limited to Indian manufacturing organizations.

The effect of tariff on water demand management: implications for Bahrain

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 119-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Smith ◽  
H. Al-Maskati
Keyword(s):  
Water Demand ◽  
Demand Management ◽  
Water Demand Management ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Elasticity Of Demand ◽  
Tariff Structures ◽  
Essential Resource ◽  
Traditional Approaches ◽  
Economic Measure

Water is now considered a scarce but essential resource that should be managed in an integrated manner. The traditional approaches of resource development are now considered as unsustainable. Water demand management (WDM) is a new approach that aims at influencing demand & thus improving distribution efficiency. Economic measure through water tariff is one of the WDM tools. Water tariffs are recognized to be one way of curbing growth in water demand, and encouraging more efficient use of water. It is essential for the effective and equitable allocation of water resources. This paper investigates different water tariff structures & seeks to identify the factors affecting WDM through tariffs. The paper pays particular attention to the situation in Bahrain through preliminary exploration of price elasticity of demand for water and its comparison with figures from other countries.

scholarly journals Noncontact Heart Rate Measurement Using a Webcam, Based on Joint Blind Source Separation and a Skin Reflection Model: For a Wide Range of Imaging Conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Boyuan Zhang ◽  
Hengkang Li ◽  
Lisheng Xu ◽  
Lin Qi ◽  
Yudong Yao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Blind Source Separation ◽  
Body Movement ◽  
Source Separation ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Reflection Model ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Rate Information ◽  
Imaging Conditions

Remote photoplethysmography (rPPG) can be used for noncontact and continuous measurement of the heart rate (HR). Currently, the main factors affecting the accuracy and robustness of rPPG-based HR measurement methods are the subject’s skin tone, body movement, exercise recovery, and variable or inadequate illumination. In response to these challenges, this study is aimed at investigating a rPPG-based HR measurement method that is effective under a wide range of conditions by only using a webcam. We propose a new approach, which combines joint blind source separation (JBSS) and a projection process based on a skin reflection model, so as to eliminate the interference of background illumination and enhance the extraction of pulse rate information. Three datasets derived from subjects with different skin tones considering six environmental scenarios are used to validate the proposed method against three other state-of-the-art methods. The results show that the proposed method can provide more accurate and robust HR measurement for all three datasets and is therefore more applicable to a wide range of scenarios.

Pattern alteration of women’s suits based on ease distribution

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bingfei Gu ◽  
Junqiang Su ◽  
Guolian Liu ◽  
Bugao Xu
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Automatic Generation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Distribution Models ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Type Design ◽  
Garment Fit ◽  
Body Scanner ◽  
Ease Allowance

Purpose The goal of this study was to realize pattern alterations for women’s suits by using the spatial distribution of distance ease in the body-garment interface. Design/methodology/approach An unclothed mannequin and the mannequin clothed with seven suits having different ease allowances were scanned by a 3D body scanner respectively. The image of the unclothed mannequin was then superimposed on that of each clothed mannequin (suit) to exhibit the differences in ease distribution among these suits. The distance eases at ten selected body landmarks were determined by measuring the gaps between the body and suit surfaces. Findings The mathematical models of ease distributions were built through the regression analysis to predict the distance ease with a given ease allowance. After the verification with the actual measurements, these ease distribution models could provide localized distance eases for alternating pattern pieces to ensure a specified ease allowance. Originality/value In order to realize the automatic generation of garment patterns, the ease distribution between a human body and a garment is crucial because ease is one of the determinants for garment fit. This study demonstrated a new approach of automatic pattern alteration based on 3D scanned data to accelerate the pattern making process for women’s suits with customized ease allowance.

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