The Effect of Plasma Nitridation on Surface Hardness of Titanium Alloy (Ti-6Al-4V) for Artificial Knee Joint Applications

Nitriding has been carried out using plasma nitriding techniques for surface treatment of Titanium as a biomaterial component. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of plasma nitriding on surface hardness that occurs in titanium. The material used is Titanium Alloy (Ti-6Al-4V) Grade 5 which is processed by plasma nitriding by varying nitrogen (N2) and argon (Ar) gases of (100% N2/0% Ar), (95% N2/5% Ar), (90% N2/10% Ar), (85% N2/15% Ar), (80% N2/20% Ar), and (75% N2/25% Ar), and temperature 400ºC, time 5 hours and a pressure of 1.6 bar. The test results show that the optimum hardness is found in the gas composition with a ratio of 95% N2: 5% Ar. Obtained a hardness of 371 HV/VHN or an increase of 159% of the raw material with hardness value of 143 HV/VHN

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A Review on Surface Engineering of Ti6Al4V Titanium Alloy Using Gas and Laser Nitriding Techniques

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.766-767.618 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 766-767 ◽

pp. 618-625 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

J.R Deepak

Keyword(s):

Titanium Alloy ◽

Surface Properties ◽

Surface Engineering ◽

Surface Hardness ◽

Aircraft Engine ◽

Ti6al4v Alloy ◽

Surface Stability ◽

Laser Nitriding ◽

Gas Nitriding ◽

Grade 5

Nitriding is the most common surface engineering technique that is being used in Titanium alloys for improving their surface properties, viz hardness, wear resistance, etc. Ti6Al4V (Grade 5) Titanium Alloy is a super alloy that exhibits excellent mechanical strength; it is highly resistance to creep at very high temperatures which maintains good surface stability. It is resistant to corrosion and oxidation. The main objective of this review paper is to study the recent research works carried on Nitriding of Ti6Al4V alloy by using, viz gas Nitriding and laser Nitriding. This process is used in the surface hardening of machine parts such as aircraft engine parts, crank pins, valve seats, gears, bush, aero engine cylinders, aero crank shafts. Gas Nitriding is a diffusional technique in which the nitrogen atoms are diffused into the surface of the metal to obtain hard surface. By Laser Nitriding is a diffusional technique by which the surface properties of the titanium alloy is enhanced. Laser nitriding process comprises of various stages, viz, transport of heat, melting effect, diffusion and convection effect. By Nitriding technique the surface hardness of super alloys like Titanium Alloy Ti6Al4V Grade 5 can be increased by increasing the hardness on the surface there by its scope of application is widened. In this paper a literature survey is carried out and the recent research works on surface engineering of Ti6Al4V alloy using gas and laser Nitriding technique is summarized.

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Improving the surface hardness number of subsoil plow chisel using water-jet preening

Dinamika Teknik Mesin ◽

10.29303/dtm.v9i2.280 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 86

Author(s):

S. Sujita

Keyword(s):

Stainless Steel ◽

Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽

Surface Treatment ◽

Surface Hardness ◽

Raw Material ◽

Soil Tillage ◽

Micro Structure ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Hardness Number ◽

Slip Bands

This study discusses the effects of pressure in waterjet peening (WJP) of subsoil plow chise. It was made from austenitic stainless steel 301 JIS standard S30100. Analysis of surface integrity and change of surface hardness number is used to evaluate the performance of various parameters in the WJP process. The article summarizes information about austenitic stainless steel physically-mechanical of subsoil plow chisel that is most useful for soil tillage. The subsoil chisel was given surface treatment WJP process with a variation of pressure and time. The physical properties of subsoil plow chisel from various pressure and time of WJP are analyzed. The findings of this study indicated that surface treatment with waterjet peening could increase the surface hardness number and the hardening layer fromaustenitic stainless steel 301 (material of subsoil plow chisel).Treats the surface with WJP pressure 250 MPa and time 3 hours results in a higher increase in surface hardness number up to 41% and 151% greater than the raw material respectively. Also, a deeper hardening layer to depth 250 and 500 μm each produced. Next, the cross-sectional micro structure shows the density is higher than the slip band in the defective grain of specimens that have undergone the WJP process at the time and higher pressure. However, the number of slip bands in grain defects decreases with the pressure drop.

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The Abrasion Behaviour of X40CrMoV5-1 Steel Under Various Surface Treatments

Acta Materialia Transilvanica ◽

10.33924/amt-2020-01-09 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 50-54

Author(s):

László Tóth ◽

Tünde Kovács ◽

Zoltán Nyikes ◽

Mhatre Umesh

Keyword(s):

Heat Treatment ◽

Wear Resistance ◽

Surface Layer ◽

Surface Treatment ◽

Surface Hardness ◽

Surface Treatments ◽

Plasma Nitridation ◽

Pvd Coating ◽

Abrasion Wear ◽

Wear Tests

AbstractFor evolving a surface layer on the X40CrMoV5-1 steel, a plasma-nitridation and PVD coating process was applied. In our experiments, the samples were heat-treated (high-temperature hardening, annealed three times) and surface treatments (plasma-nitridation, PVD coating by TiAlN, duplex surface treating by plasma nitridation and after that, PVD coating TiAlN). After the heat treatments, we performed hardness tests and surface abrasion wear tests. The abrasion wear resistance of the specimens was studied in order to understand the heat treatment effects on abrasion behaviour. It was observed that the heat treatment and surface treatment process greatly influence the tool steel surface hardness and abrasion resistance behaviour. By plasma-nitridation the surface hardness doubled compared to the quenched surface hardness while the PVD coated TiAlN surface layer hardness is more than five times that of the hardened one. There was no relevant difference between the PVD coated (TiAlN) surface hardness and the duplex surface-treated hardness. On the basis of the results of the comparative abrasive wear tests, it can be concluded that the duplex surface treatment resulted in the greatest wear resistance..

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TITANIUM 1Al-8V-5Fe

Alloy Digest ◽

10.31399/asm.ad.ti0055 ◽

1968 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

Keyword(s):

Corrosion Resistance ◽

Titanium Alloy ◽

High Temperature ◽

Physical Properties ◽

Surface Treatment ◽

Tensile Properties ◽

Heat Treating ◽

Temperature Performance ◽

Reactive Metals

Abstract Titanium IA1-8V-5Fe is an all beta type titanium alloy recommended for high temperature fasteners. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as creep and fatigue. It also includes information on high temperature performance and corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, joining, and surface treatment. Filing Code: Ti-55. Producer or source: Reactive Metals Corporation.

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Ti-140A

Alloy Digest ◽

10.31399/asm.ad.ti0005 ◽

1962 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Keyword(s):

Corrosion Resistance ◽

Titanium Alloy ◽

Shear Strength ◽

High Temperature ◽

Physical Properties ◽

Surface Treatment ◽

Tensile Properties ◽

Heat Treating ◽

Temperature Performance ◽

Iron Chromium

Abstract Ti-104A is a titanium alloy containing about 2% each of iron, chromium and molybdenum. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, tensile properties, and shear strength. It also includes information on high temperature performance and corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, joining, and surface treatment. Filing Code: Ti-5. Producer or source: Titanium Metals Corporation of America. Originally published July 1954, revised January 1962.

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Experimental study on microstructural evolution, mechanical property, and corrosion behaviour of laser additive manufactured (LAM) titanium alloy grade 5

The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology ◽

10.1007/s00170-021-06872-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Olawale Samuel Fatoba ◽

Tien-Chien Jen ◽

Esther Titilayo Akinlabi

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Property ◽

Experimental Study ◽

Titanium Alloy ◽

Microstructural Evolution ◽

Corrosion Behaviour ◽

Grade 5

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Computational modelling of laser additive manufactured (LAM) Titanium alloy grade 5

Materials Today Proceedings ◽

10.1016/j.matpr.2020.11.262 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Olawale S. Fatoba ◽

Adedoyin M. Lasisi ◽

Omolayo M. Ikumapayi ◽

Stephen A. Akinlabi ◽

Esther T. Akinlabi

Keyword(s):

Titanium Alloy ◽

Computational Modelling ◽

Grade 5

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Control of Local Hardness Gradient of Metal Surface by Inclined Surface Treatment Using Ultrasonic Nanocrystal Surface Modification

International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing-Green Technology ◽

10.1007/s40684-020-00303-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 533-546

Author(s):

Yeong-Kwan Jo ◽

Yeong-Wook Gil ◽

Do-Sik Shim ◽

Young-Sik Pyun ◽

Sang-Hu Park

Keyword(s):

Surface Modification ◽

Surface Treatment ◽

Metal Surface ◽

Incident Angle ◽

Surface Hardness ◽

Parameter Study ◽

Local Hardness ◽

Practical Usefulness ◽

Inclined Surface ◽

Hardness Gradient

AbstractWe propose an effective method to control the local hardness and morphology of a metal surface by tilting the incident angle of a horn during ultrasonic nanocrystal surface modification (UNSM). In this study, surface treatment using UNSM was performed on an S45C specimen and a parameter study was conducted for optimization. The process parameters were the feeding rate, static load, striking force, and processing angle (Ф). In particular, the Ф was analyzed by tilting the horn by 0°, 10°, 20°, 30°, 40°, and 45° to understand its effect on surface hardness and changes in the morphology. From fundamental experiments, some important phenomena were observed, such as grain-microstructure changes along the processing and thickness directions. Furthermore, to verify the practical usefulness of this study, a flat and a hemispherical specimen of S45C material were treated using UNSM with various values of Ф. A significant change in hardness (an increase from 2–45%) and a gradual hardness gradient on the tested specimens could be easily realized by the proposed method. Therefore, we believe that the method is effective for controlling the mechanical hardness of a metal surface.

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